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1st Semester Review

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Renaissance

Reformation

Scientific Revolution

Enlightenment

FrenchRevolution

FINAL

Renaissance 100Renaissance 100

The term “humanism,” when applied to Renaissance Italy, refers primarily to the

Scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of

Greece and Rome

Renaissance 200Renaissance 200

Advocates of northern humanism believed

The fusion of Christian and Classical ideals provides the best definition of virtuous conduct

Renaissance 300Renaissance 300

The political strength of the Medici family in Florence was initially based on

The influence and wealth of their bank

Renaissance 400Renaissance 400

The application of Renaissance scholarship to questions of ecclesiastical and moral reform

describes which philosopher?

Erasmus

Renaissance 500Renaissance 500

The Peace of Lodi in 1454 exemplifies what key Italian Renaissance political concept?

A balance of power between multiple, competing territorial states

Reformation 100Reformation 100

Made Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman Empire

Edict of Worms

Reformation 200Reformation 200

What belief was central to Martin Luther’s religious philosophy?

Salvation by faith alone

Reformation 300Reformation 300

A major difference between Calvinism and Lutheranism relates to

Emphasis on predestination

Reformation 400Reformation 400

Recognized the rights of French Protestants

Edict of Nantes

Reformation 500Reformation 500

Martin Luther initially criticized the Roman Catholic church on the grounds that it

Used indulgences as a fund-raising device

Scientific Revolution 100Scientific Revolution 100

Galileo was found guilty of heresy and condemned by the Inquisition on the grounds that he

Publicly advocated Copernicus’ heliocentric system

Scientific Revolution 200Scientific Revolution 200

Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon contributed to scientific development in the seventeenth

century by

Articulating theories of the scientific method

Scientific Revolution 300Scientific Revolution 300

The Scientific Revolution overturned the accepted ideas of which of the following?

Aristotle

Scientific Revolution 400Scientific Revolution 400

Johannes Kepler improved on Copernicus’ theories by

Demonstrating that planets have elliptical orbits

Scientific Revolution 500Scientific Revolution 500

In Newton’s Principia, he demonstrated through his rules of reasoning that the universe was

A regulated machine operating according to

universal laws.

Enlightenment 100Enlightenment 100

The state is based on a social contract

Hobbes and Rousseau would have agreed that

Enlightenment 200Enlightenment 200

Which European rulers are generally identified as “enlightened” monarchs?

Joseph II and Catherine the Great

Enlightenment 300Enlightenment 300

John Locke’s philosophy contributed to the development of Enlightenment ideas by arguing that a person’s

character was shaped by

Environment

Enlightenment 400Enlightenment 400

The best statement of laissez-faire was made in 1776 by

Adam Smith

Enlightenment 500Enlightenment 500

Which is the most characteristic of Voltaire’s ideas?

Empiricism and religious toleration are to be celebrated

French Revolution100French Revolution100

What best describes the French Third Estate prior to the revolution?

The non-noble, nonclerical section of the Estates-General

French Revolution 200French Revolution 200

The calling of the Estates-General in France by King Louis XVI in 1789 was the direct result

of

The failure of the Assembly of Notables to endorse the monarch’s program of tax reform

French Revolution 300French Revolution 300

The French Reign of Terror is most closely associated with the

Establishment of the Committee of Public Safety

French Revolution 400French Revolution 400

The armies of revolutionary France enjoyed which of the following advantages over the armies of

the major European monarchs?

Greater patriotism and morale

French Revolution 500French Revolution 500

The cahiers de doleances called for

Abolishing the fiscal privileges of the church and nobility.

Strengthening of internal Church discipline

FINAL JEOPARDY!Reformation

FINAL JEOPARDY!Reformation

The most important goal of the Council of Trent was the