10 using ethanol_for_domestic_energy_supply_in_west_africa

Project to Promote The Use Of Ethanol As a New Household Fuel For Nigeria

ANGA, SIMEON BOMA CHAIRMAN CASSAVA AGRO INDUSTRIES – 03-2012

Why the use of ethanol for Cooking? The rationale (Statement of Problems)

The costs of fossil fuels are rising and so are the budgets of most African Countries who spend an average of 55-60% of national budget on importation and subsidization of liquid petroleum fuels for their domestic economies.

African countries cannot cope with this rising cost. Most African economies may experience stagnation & worsen the poverty trap except alternative bio fuels are produced to substitute the unsustainable imports of petroleum.

Nigerian Goverment to commence Deregulation in the 1st quarter of 2011

WHY USE ETHANOL FOR COOKING?

Blackened pots, walls and ceiling

Health: eye irritation, coughing

Long distances for gathering 6-8 hours or more

Rape, beatings, intimidation, threat of murder, theft

Falls and injuries, dehydration, injuries to back, legs and kidneys

Lack of wood

Lack of time for education, income generation, or access to services

Long lines await delivery of kerosene in a fuel station.

Replacing kerosene with ethanol is financially more rewarding than replacing gasoline, since Nigeria pays more for kerosene.

The retail fuel market in Nigeria has been plagued by high prices, scarcities, and quality problems. Purchasing fuels from abroad creates a FOREX problem.

Traditional fuels for sale in Nigeria. The city’s cash economy pulls in these wood fuels, but they are no longer cheap.

Two examples of dirty, smoky fuels in common use:

Animal dung

Tif tif for sale.

This fuel is a blend of charcoal dust and clay.

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Dung Crop Wood Kerosene Gas Alcohol Electricity

PM

10

(g

/me

al)

CO

(g

/me

al)

Emissions Along the Energy Ladder

CO (g/meal)

PM10

Our tests show that alcohol fuels used in the CleanCook stove are

the cleanest and safest alternative for the 80%+ of homes in the developing world that do not have adequate or reliable access to electricity.

PM10 are small soot particles 10 μ in size or less. PM10

indicates that even smaller, more dangerous particles are present.

Sub Sahara Africa homes suffer from extreme energy

poverty.

Mother and child in a smoky Kitchen cooking in Nigeria

Extremely high particulate matter and CO. kills

360,000 women and children every year in Sub

Saharan Africa (WHO 2006)

The Cassakero VISION

“To provide Sub Saharan Africa Rural Households with a locally made bio- ethanol Cooking fuel and appliances for household use that will be available, affordable and accessible, creating new jobs and reducing poverty while enhancing food and energy security in the nation without harming the environment.”

Multi Energy crops Refinery: farms of 1-100 ha

Sweet potato Sweet sorghum

Cassava Banana

Sugar cane

Coffee residues

Small rural communities

Micro-plants

1.000 – 2.000 lt/day

5 – 10 t crop/day

< – 1 ha crop/day

Central storage Plant

(bulking)

Transport

Ethanol

(99,5%)

Ethanol

(99%)

PROJECT MISSION

“To establish a dedicated national bio-ethanol output of 4 million liters per day produced from small scale-bio ethanol refineries to provide the household Cooking fuel requirement of 4 million families in four years (2012-2015).”

Immediate Objectives To set up in collaboration with the Government of

Nigeria & other donor international partners a National pilot & demonstrational ethanol plant complete with a system for the feedstock production & the supplies of appliances as a proof of concept.

To advocate the formulation of favorable policies to promote the emergence of this new industry in Nigeria.

Secure funds Nov2010-January.2011

Pilot: Construction Start January 2011 ends April 2011

The Project To establish an integrated pilot plant as a “proof

of concept” to demonstrate the feasibility and economic viability of ethanol production from farm gate base refineries using energy crops and its use as clean low cost cooking and household fuel.

Capacity: 1,000 Liters/day

Providing fuel for: 1,000 household

50 Out growers: 100 hectares

Feedstock: Non Edible Cassava, sweet sorghum

Clean Cook Stoves: 1,000 : total project cost:$250,000

Where are we?

Project conceptual documents fully developed

Business plan & feasibility study for a pilot plant already developed

Partnership with ethanol technology providers and input suppliers already developed

Cooking Stoves and other appliances suppliers already in place.

Commercial roll out plan already in place.

What Do we need from NEPAD?

A seed fund of $230,0000 to finance the proof of concept and create a leaning model that can be replicated and scaled up across West Africa.

Project cost Project cost $230,000 (N34.5 Million)the

cost covers:

Project Land N1 Million

Building & Borehole: N2.5Million Naira

Complete small scale Ethanol refinery N18 Million

1,000 Stoves: N10 million

Working Capital: N3 Million

Proposed Funding Working Capital : Cassava Agro

industries Services Ltd N3 Million

Ethanol refinery: AU/NEPAD N25M

Contract Out grower contract: IFAD N5M

Training, demonstration and capacity building : SDEDAN/Cassava Agro Industries

Stoves: Project Gaia, individuals, Carbon Credits N10 Million

Cost Comparison and Viability Analysis

of Feedstock for Ethanol Production

Cassava

Sweet

Potato

Sweet

Sorghum

Crop yield (t/ha) 35 40 40

Ethanol yield(liters/t feedstock) 180 125 40

Ethanol yield (liters/ha) 6,300 5,000 1,600

Ethanol production cost

(N/liter) 54.7 59.3 56.5

Selling price (N/liter)* 80.0 80.5 80.0

Gross profit (N/liter) 34.7

*Mark up 40% production cost

All prices are indicative with specifics established only after a project feasibility study

The Distribution of the Liquid The Ethanol to serve as a cooking & Household fuel

The Cassakero Cooking fuel Cassakero is safe and easy to handle and user friendly. it is less volatile and as a bio-fuel, it is easily absorbed into the environment with no known health hazard. The ethanol will be denatured with Bitrex, a bitter substance to render it undrinkable, and a colorant to give it a distinguishing color.

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EXPECTED PROFILE OF ETHANOL FUEL

Ethanol content (at 250) 94 – 96%

Methanol (g/100L) - 5 max

Ethyl Carbamate (g/100L) - 150 max

Ethyl Acetate (g/100L of ethanol) - 150 max

Toluene (g/100L) - Nil

Benzene (g/100L) - Nil

Cyclohexane - Nil

Zinc - 5mg/L max

Copper - 2mg/L max

Lead - 0.2mg/L max

Cadmium - 0.1mg/L max

Appearance - Clear, Colourless Liquid

Odour - Characteristic of Spirit

Taste - Bitter as a result of the Bitrex

Denaturant Bitrex 2.5ppm level

The Stove Technical Specifications Technical Specifications

-Width:596:mm

-Depth:326mm

-Height:137mm fuel tank:1,21

-Burn time: approximately 4.5hrs.

At maximum effect.

ORIGO C100,220-240V, electric & ethanol stove

The electric & ethanol stove Combination ORIGO C200,220-240V, electric & ethanol double stove

Ethanol Stove & Oven Combination ORIGO 6000, oven & stove combination

ORIGO 6100, oven Only

The CleanCook fueling

system: The fuel is

charged into the canister

as a liquid and adsorbed

onto a fiber filling. The

fuel will not spill and

cannot explode. The

result it is a very safe

stove.

The CleanCook stove will make it

possible for ethanol to enter into and

take command of the household

energy market—a new and important

opportunity for CAR.

In 2002, kerosene, which was subsidized, cost 32¢ per liter. Kerosene is priced in the “official” market today at about 80¢ and in the black market at well over $1.00 per liter. It is often adulterated with gasoline since gasoline is now cheaper.

The other Applications of Ethanol as a household fuel

Bio-electricity

4 liters hydrated

ethanol = 1 hour

electricity

110-220 v ; 8.5 kwa

400 light bulbs

Crops processing at

village level

Improved quality of

life in poor rural

households

Ethanol powered Shower with heater

The shower head

Rural

/Agro

-

Indus

trial

Emplo

ymen

t

“Ener

gy

Pover

ty”

Reduc

tion

Safe

Usage

for

Wom

en &

Childr

en

(Non-

Spill

&

Non-

Explo

sive)

Clean

Cooki

ng

Envir

onme

nt

(No

Smok

e,

Fume

s or

Smell

)

Adap

table

to

Existi

ng

Woof

uel &

Keros

ene

Stove

s/Coo

king

Practi

ces

Rural/Agro-Industrial Employment

“Energy Poverty” Reduction

Safe Usage for Women & Children (Non-Spill & Non-Explosive)

Clean Cooking Environment (No Smoke, Fumes or Smell)

Adaptable to Existing Wood fuel & Kerosene Stoves/Cooking Practices

Social Impacts & Benefits

Bio-fuels Initiative in Africa Key Stakeholders

1. Energy security & diversification

2. Higher convertible currency exports

3. New revenue stream for agro-industries & farmers

4. Carbon finance

5. Jobs

6. Local rural energy needs

Private sector

Commercial Banks

NGOs Civil

Society

NEPAD,Govs, Development

Banks Development

Partners Sub-regional, Regional. &

International Institutions

Research

WE CAN’T SPELL “SCCESS”

WITHOUT “U”

Please Join Us Make This Dream A Reality!

For Further Details Contact: THE PROJECT CONSULTANTS:

:

Mr. Boma Simeon Anga

Executive Chairman

Cassava Agro industries Services

Limited

House 32, 351 Road, off 3rd Avenue,

Gwarinpa Estate,

Abuja.

Tel: +234-(0)803-303-1097,

(9)290-7366

Fax: +234-(9)222-4046

WEBSITE:

www.cassavaagroindustries.com

e-mail: bomaanga@yahoo.com,

boma@cassavaagroindustries.com