10/15/2006 1elearn 2006 varscope personalized guidance for example selection in an explanatory...
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10/15/2006 1ELearn 2006
VARScopeVARScope
Personalized Guidance Personalized Guidance for Example Selection for Example Selection
in an Explanatory Visualization in an Explanatory Visualization SystemSystem
Dr. Peter Brusilovsky & Gayathri Krishnamoorthy
School of Information Sciences
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
October 15, 2006
10/15/2006 2ELearn 2006
IntroductionIntroduction Program Visualization – key in computer Program Visualization – key in computer
science educationscience education Explanatory Visualization is one step ahead, Explanatory Visualization is one step ahead,
augmenting visualization with natural augmenting visualization with natural language explanations.language explanations.
Explanations on the flyExplanations on the fly Pre-authored explanations (most common, easy to create)Pre-authored explanations (most common, easy to create)
Growing tremendously every yearGrowing tremendously every year
Problem to students: Which is the best example for me?
10/15/2006 3ELearn 2006
Focus of the PaperFocus of the Paper
Solution for the example selection Solution for the example selection problemproblem
Personalized guidance using adaptive link Personalized guidance using adaptive link annotation in the form of visual cuesannotation in the form of visual cues
Way to enhance an existing Way to enhance an existing explanatory visualization system with explanatory visualization system with personalized guidance functionalitypersonalized guidance functionality
Using an available student model server (eg., Using an available student model server (eg., CUMULATE)CUMULATE)
Providing an adaptive panelProviding an adaptive panel
10/15/2006 4ELearn 2006
VARScope - FeaturesVARScope - Features Variable Scope is one of the critical Variable Scope is one of the critical
topics in introductory programming topics in introductory programming courses (Instructor’s survey) courses (Instructor’s survey)
VARScope guides students in learning VARScope guides students in learning the concept of “variable scope” in C the concept of “variable scope” in C programming language by offeringprogramming language by offering Personalized guidance in choosing the best Personalized guidance in choosing the best
exampleexample Visualizing the progress made on various concepts Visualizing the progress made on various concepts
using progress barsusing progress bars Explanatory visualization of pre-authored examplesExplanatory visualization of pre-authored examples
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VARScope – Interface VARScope – Interface
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VARScope - InterfaceVARScope - Interface
AdaptiAdaptive ve
PanelPanel
1
2
3
1. Annotated Links
2. Concept Grid
3. Progress Bars
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Concepts and IndexingConcepts and Indexing
6 Domain 6 Domain concepts were concepts were identifiedidentified
Global, Local, Static, Global, Local, Static, Block Scope, Block Scope, Parameter & ExternParameter & Extern
Each example line Each example line was indexed with was indexed with these conceptsthese concepts
Problem# Line# Concepts
p6 5 local
p6 6 local
p6 9 parameter
p6 11 static
p6 12 parameter
p6 12 static
p6 13 static
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VAR Scope
Initiator
Servlet
Applet
Relay Servlet
3. User, group, progress
1. Html Link
(user, group)2. Initial Progress?
USER
MODEL
4. User events 5. User events
ImplementationImplementation
6. Problem Suggestion , progress ADAPT2
Protocol
6. Progress, problems explored
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Personalized Example Personalized Example SuggestionSuggestion
Example suggestion is influenced byExample suggestion is influenced by1.1. Difficulty level of the example Difficulty level of the example
Proportional to the number of domain conceptsProportional to the number of domain concepts Level 1, 2, 3 or 4, with level 1 on the easier side Level 1, 2, 3 or 4, with level 1 on the easier side
suitable for first-time explorationsuitable for first-time exploration
2.2. User’s current knowledge of the domain User’s current knowledge of the domain conceptsconcepts
3.3. Comfort level of the userComfort level of the user Calculated based on number of examples Calculated based on number of examples
explored under each difficulty levelexplored under each difficulty level Corresponds to one of the difficulty levels of the Corresponds to one of the difficulty levels of the
exampleexample
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Personalized Example Personalized Example SuggestionSuggestion
Appropriate examplesAppropriate examples Examples unexplored under user’s Examples unexplored under user’s
current comfort levelcurrent comfort level If all examples under current comfort If all examples under current comfort
level is explored, suggest examples level is explored, suggest examples from subsequent higher difficulty levelfrom subsequent higher difficulty level
In-appropriate examplesIn-appropriate examples Examples whose difficulty level is Examples whose difficulty level is much much
higher higher than the user’s comfort levelthan the user’s comfort level
10/15/2006 11ELearn 2006
EvaluationEvaluation QuestionnaireQuestionnaire
6 users evaluated VARScope, shared their experience by filling 6 users evaluated VARScope, shared their experience by filling out our questionnaire which captured user’s perception onout our questionnaire which captured user’s perception on
Easy navigabilityEasy navigability Learning goal achievementLearning goal achievement Interface DesignInterface Design Ability to visualize progressAbility to visualize progress Problem SuggestionProblem Suggestion Amount of Help providedAmount of Help provided
Think-aloudThink-aloud3 think-aloud studies3 think-aloud studies
were performedwere performed
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Easi
lyNa
viga
ble
Lear
ning
Goa
lAc
hiev
ed
Inte
rface
Desi
gn
Abilit
y to
see
prog
ress
Prob
lem
Sugg
estio
n
Amou
nt o
fHe
lp p
rovi
ded
StronglyDisagree
Disagree
Neutral
Agree
Strongly Agree
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