15308084 kristy-rosyemary

THE IMPACT OF SURFACE RUNOFF TO WATER QUALITY AND

QUANTITY OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

Kristy Rosyemary and Idris Maxdoni KamilDepartment of Environmental Engineering

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Institut Teknologi Bandung

CONTENT

Introduction Objective

Methods Results & Discussion

Conclusion

When surface runoff contact with the surface of the

ground, water may become contaminated by contact with animal and human (Anderson et al, 1987)

INTRODUCTION

LOCATIONBandung City

West Java

154,7 mm

(2006)

166,75 mm

(2008)

322,4 mm

(2010)

13.729,7/km2

(2006)

14.192,1/km2

(2008)

14.314/km2

(2010)

AVERAGE RAINFALL OF BANDUNG CITY (BPS JAWA BARAT)

POPULATION DENSITY OF BANDUNG CITY (BPS JAWA BARAT)

The amount of volume of water flow of Cikapundung River

The amount of DO and COD

concentration of Cikapundung River

Relationship between land use and surface

runoff

Relationship between surface runoff and

water quality & quantity of

Cikapundung River

OBJECTIVE

Primary and secondary

data collection

Identification

METHODS

RESULTS &

DISCUSSION

Land Use Percentage

Agricultural 53.8%

Habitation 25.3%

Forest 3.71%

Field 6.62%

Bush 5.3%

Land 5.64%

Cikapundung River has catchment area of

111.3 km2 in upstream, 90.4 km2 in midstream, and

76.5km2 in downstream

OVERVIEW OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

POTENCY OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

As main urban drainage

As city attraction (Curug Dago, Maribaya and City Zoo)

As raw water source for local drinking water company (PDAM Kota Bandung) and other industries

Intake required by PDAM Kota

Bandung is 518.4 m3/sec

Intake required by PT. Kimia Farma is 6000 m3/sec &

9000 m3/sec

Intake required by PT. Dailatek is 35.096 m3/sec

Intake required by PT. Artostek is 16.25 m3/sec

(Sou

rce: PS

DA

Provinsi Ja

wa B

arat)

2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

MaribayaGandokPasirluyu

Time (year)

Str

eam

flo

w (

m3/

sec)

STREAM FLOW OFCIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

(Source: PSDA Provinsi Jawa Barat)

WATER QUALITY OFCIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

Year Area Quality

2006Maribaya Lightly pollutedPasirluyu Lightly polluted

Dayeuh Kolot Lightly polluted

2007Maribaya Middle pollutedPasirluyu Heavy polluted

Dayeuh Kolot Heavy polluted

2008Maribaya Heavy pollutedPasirluyu Heavy polluted

Dayeuh Kolot Heavy polluted

2009Maribaya Heavy pollutedPasirluyu Heavy polluted

Dayeuh Kolot Heavy polluted

2010Maribaya Heavy pollutedPasirluyu Heavy polluted

Dayeuh Kolot Heavy polluted(Source: PSDA Provinsi Jawa Barat)

Parameters that didn’t

meet quality

standards are:

TSS, DO, BOD, total coliform and fecal coliform

DO & COD CONCENTRATION OF

CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

Sampling location Temperature (oC)

DO (mg/l)

COD (mg/l)

Condition

Jl. Kebon Sirih 24.9 10.58 59.61 Sunny

Jl. Kebon Bibit Barat 24.2 11.2 20.39 Sunny

Jl. Kebon Bibit 23.5 11.37 4.71 Sunny

Jl. Pelesiran 23.5 11.43 9.74 Sunny

Jl. Siliwangi 23.6 11.22 8.52 Sunny

Quality standards (PerDa JaBar No. 39/2000)

DO: > 3 mg/l COD: 10 mg/l

Rate of population

density increase

Land use change

Natural land change into constructed

land

Volume and velocity of

surface runoff increase

LAND USE CHANGE EFFECTS ON SURFACE

RUNOFF

Reduction in groundwater recharge

Water may dissolve some chemicals and flows directly into a river

Changes in peak discharge time

SURFACE RUNOFF INCREASED EFFECTS

DO CONCENTRATION OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

1

2

3

4

5

6

UpstreamMidstreamDownstreamQuality standard

Time (year)

DO

(m

g/l

iter

)

BOD CONCENTRATION OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

20032004200520062007200820092010201120120

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

UpstreamMidstreamDownstreamQuality standard

Time (year)

BO

D (

mg

/l)

COD CONCENTRATION OF CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER

20032004200520062007200820092010201120120

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

UpstreamMidstreamDownstreamQuality standard

Time (year)

CO

D (

mg

/lit

er)

CONCLUSION

Bandung City has developed very rapidly and this leads to land use changes

Land use changes will impact the volume and velocity of surface runoff

CONCLUSIONThe increase of surface runoff volume

causing a stream flow fluctuation in Cikapundung River, specially in midstream

section

Surface water that contaminated by contact with pollutants in surface area and flows directly into a river will affect on water

quality in Cikapundung River

CONCLUSION

DO, BOD and COD concentration in Cikapundung River decreased from 2004 to 2007, but increased again in the next

year until 2011