1933 1939. removal of the jews from german society the first solution: isolate - exclude -alienate...

1933 1939

REMOVAL OF THE JEWS FROM GERMAN SOCIETY

THE FIRST SOLUTION: ISOLATE - EXCLUDE -ALIENATETHE JEW FROM THE ECONOMY

THE SECOND SOLUTION: EXPEL THE JEWS FROM GERMANYAND GERMAN LANDS

THE FINAL SOLUTIONTOTAL ANNIHILATION OF JEWS

JANUARY 20TH 1942

1933-37

1937-42

PREPARATORY STAGES FOR THE “FINAL SOLUTION”

A. LEGISLATION: PASS LAWS “LEGAL”

1. February 28 1933;

EMERGENCY DECREE FOR THE “PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND STATE”

A. police can arrest anyone considered anti-nazi

2. March 23, 1933;

THE ENABLING ACT, “LAW FOR RELIEVING OF THE DISTRESS OF PEOPLE”

A. Hitler and his cabinet could now make laws on their own.B. Hitler can issue direct orders.C. Hitler can also remove civil right protections

LEGISLATION CONT...

3. April 1933;

“LAW FOR THE RESTORATION OF A PROFESSIONAL CIVIL SERVICE”

A. Non-Aryans are removed from all Government jobs.1. Judges2. Lawyers3. Teachers, police, doctors, firemen, postal workers etc.

4. April 1933;

“LAW REGARDING THE ADMISSION TO THE BAR”

A. Jews can no longer practice Law

5. April 1933;

“LAW AGAINST THE OVERCROWDING OF GERMAN SCHOOLS ANDINSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING.”

LEGISLATION CONTINUED……….……….

6. July 14,1933: NAZI’S DECLARED THE ONLY LEGAL PARTY

7. September 1935:

“REICH CITIZENSHIP LAW” and the “LAW FOR THE PROTECTION OF GERMAN BLOOD AND HONOR.” (NUREMBURG LAWS):

A. JEWISH RACE DEFINED- ONE GRANDPARENT YOU ARE A JEWB. JEWS ARE NOW SUBJECTS--NOT CITIZENSC. GOVERNING OF PUBLIC LAWS-

1. NO INTER RACIAL MARRIAGES2. SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH JEWS BANNED3. JEWS CANNOT EMPLOY GERMAN WOMEN UNDER 454. FORBIDDEN TO STAY IN HOTELS.

JEWS ARE BEING SYSTEMATICALLYREMOVED FROM SOCIETY!!!

B. CONSEQUENCES OF THE LAWS:

1. CONCENTRATION CAMPS OPENED:

A. DACHAU- MARCH 21 19331. ENEMIES OF THE STATE (POLITICAL PRISONERS)2. MODEL CAMP FOR ALL OTHERS3. CATHOLICS, COMMUNISTS, CRIMINALS

UNIONISTS4. A FEW JEWS

2. REMOVAL OF THE JEWS:

A. 1933 5,000 JEWS LOSE JOBSB. JEWS NO LONGER PRACTICING MEDICINE, BANKING

LAW, PHARMACY.C. JEWISH CHILDREN REMOVED FROM PUBLIC SCHOOLS.D. JEWS FORCED TO DO MANUAL LABOR.E. 1938 ALL JEWS FORCED FROM HOMES.

C. EXPULSION, VIOLENCE AND REACTION:1938-1945

1. DEPORTATIONS:

A.1938 JEWS BEGIN SEEING THE WRITING ON THE WALL1. 17,000 POLISH JEWS KICKED OUT OF GERMANY.2. JEWS BEGIN LOOKING FOR WAYS OUT.

A. THOUSANDS OF JEWS BEGIN TO LEAVE GERMANYAND REICH CONTROLLED LANDS

2. THE KRISTALLNACHT (Night of the Broken Glass): Nov. 9 1939

A. Herschel Grynzpan- storyB. ASSASINATION OF VON RATH 11/06/1938C. NAZI REIGN OF TERROR

1. 197 Synagogues destroyed2. 7,000 shops destroyed3.35 Jews killed4. 30,000 arrested and sent to camps first mass arrest

a. families not notified

KRISTALLNACHT CONTINUED….

3. GENERAL REACTION WAS QUICK:A. incident reported by the world news agencies.B. German citizens appalled by the uncontrolled violence.C. German insurance companies had to pay for damages.D. Germans voice outrage publicly.E. American ambassador recalled.

NAZI REACTION:A. HITLER UPSET (LACK OF CONTROL)B. GOERING CALLS MEETING NOV. 12 1938

1. HIMMLER, HEYDRICH, GOERING MEET WITHINSURANCE CO.

2. GOEBBELS HELD RESPONSIBLE3. UNDISCIPLINED AND UNPROFITABLE.4. CONCERNED ABOUT PUBLIC OPINION5. JEWS FORCED TO PAY FOR DAMAGES6. RANDOM VIOLENCE PUT TO END7. JEWS WILL BE REMOVED LEGALLYAND SYSEMATICALLY8. ALL FUTURE POGROMS MUST HAVE APPROVAL

FROM GOERING.

D. DEVELOPMENT OF THE GHETTOS

1. WORLD WAR II BEGINS:

A. POLAND IS INVADED SEPT 1 19391. 2.7 MILLION JEWS FALL UNDER NAZI CONTROL2. POLES DEFEATED IN 3 WEEKS3. HITLER AND STALIN PACT DIVIDE POLAND4. FRANCE AND ENGLAND DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY

2. GHETTOS:

REINHARD HEYDRICH ORDERS THAT JEWS BE GATHERED AND FORCEDINTO MAJOR POLISH CITIES WARSAW, LODZ, KRACOW.

1. EACH CITY MUST HAVE A RAILWAY JUNCTION2. JEWS GIVEN LESS THAN AN HOUR TO PACK3. COULD BRING ONE SUITCASE4. JEWISH COUNCIL OF ELDERS RUN GHETTOS (JUDENRAT)

GHETTO LIFE: 1940-44 POLAND

1. JUDENRAT WOULD ADMINISTER TO ALL NEEDS OF GHETTOA. NEEDS:

1. SICK2. ELDERLY3. ORPHANS4. FOOD5. POLICE

2. COUNCILS WERE TO FOLLOW ALL S.S. ORDERS.

3. COUNCILS HAD TO KEEP ACCURATE CENSUS COUNTS.

4. BY 1942 -THE JUDENRAT WOULD CHOOSE WHO WOULD BE SENT TO THETHE DEATH CAMPS.

1. JEWS WOULD BE TOLD THEY WERE BEING RESETTLED IN THE EAST.2.LIVING SPACE SEVERAL FAMILIES WOULD BE IN ONE ROOM.3. LACK OF SANITATION AND RUNNING WATER.4. TYPHUS--DYSENTARY5. MALNUTRITION AND STARVATION6. BURIAL OUTSIDE GHETTO COST EXTRA7. LABOR GANGS

GHETTO LIFE CONTINUED:

4. ESCAPE: A. ESCAPE WAS AN OPTION RARELY TAKEN

1. SANCTITY OF THE FAMILY:

2. COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILTY:

SUMMARY: FIRST STAGE-LEGISLATION 1933-38

SECOND STAGE- EXPULSION -DEPORTATION 1933-39 ONLY 175,000 GERMAN JEWS LEFT IN GERMANY.

THIRD STAGE- CONFINEMENT OF JEWS 1939--1942

GHETTOS --CONCENTRATION CAMPS LABOR CAMPS

EUROPEANJEWS1939