1963-1969. the great society social security act changed included medicare (elderly) & medicaid...
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1963-1969
The Great SocietySocial Security Act changed
Included Medicare (elderly) & Medicaid (poor & disabled)Elementary & Secondary Education Act – 1965
Improved school libraries, learning centers, language labsIncreased funding for Indian, Hispanic and Inner city
schoolsProject Head Start
Federal $ for preschool for underprivileged childrenThe Environment
Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring Raised concerns about environment
Ralph Nader’s Unsafe at Any Speed National Traffic & Motor Vehicle Safety Act - 1966
Water Quality Act – 1965; Clean Water Restoration Act – 1966 Improve water and air standards
The Lasting Legacy of the Great SocietyHUD Housing and Urban Development
Provides affordable housing for the poorPoverty rates & infant mortality rates declineMedical care to millionsNational Endowment of the Arts and Humanities
1965Provided assistance for artists and scholars
Wanted everyone to benefit from American wealth
Created multi generational families who are dependent on government aid
The Activist Warren CourtMapp v. Ohio
Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court
Violated 4th AmendmentGideon v. Wainwright
Accused criminals have the right to a lawyer no matter if they can pay
Escobedo v. IllinoisRight to a lawyer before questioning
Miranda v. ArizonaArrested individuals need to be advised of 4th and
6th Amendment rights
All together = rights of the accused
1963-1973
How did we get involved?SEATOGeneva AccordsNorth vs. South
North ruled by Ho Chi MinhSouth ruled by Ngo Dinh Diem – backed by US
National Liberation Front AKA VietcongChallenged Diem
Kennedy sent “advisers” to help train South Vietnamese Army (ARVN) Special Forces
Johnson Increases US TroopsUS destroyer “innocently” floating in Gulf of
TonkinUSS Maddox
North Vietnamese boat shot a torpedoUSS Maddox fired backJohnson ordered air strikesGULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION
Congress gave “broad military powers” to the president
Congress gave away power to declare warNo official declaration of warIt was a POLICE ACTION
An Unclear EnemyWho’s the Vietcong?
How do you tell them from the rest of the South Vietnamese?
Guerilla WarfareUnsophisticated weaponsUnderground networks
A Different Police ActionGeneral Wm. Westmorland
Head of US troops in VietnamWar of Attrition
Wear down the Vietcong; no clear objectivesSearch and destroyNapalm – jelly used to shoot flamesAgent Orange – defoliant; used in the jungles
Low Morale & Low SupportSoldiers in country were upset/depressed
Body counts became a method for rewardGreat Society spending reduced ability to pay
for VietnamLiving Room War
Americans come home from work and watch the war on TV
Credibility GapWhat Americans see on TV different from what
Johnson says
Opposition on the Home FrontHawks
Want Johnson to be MORE aggressiveDoves
Felt like it wasn’t a huge fight to stop the spread of communism
Wanted Johnson to withdrawCollege Campuses
Deferments given to college kidsWorking class boys went in higher numbersMinorities went in higher numbers
Avoiding the DraftContinue to go to collegeJoin the National Guard or Coast GuardJoin another branch of the service
My Uncle & Dad joined the NavyEscape to Canada, Mexico or other foreign
countryFake illnesses
Student ProtestsStudents for a Democratic Society
SDSFirst organized to aid with Civil Rights
StruggleNew leaders; more radical
Most college campuses had a chapter of the SDS
Old enough to be drafted – not old enough to voteTalk of amending the Constitution
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