7-4 parallel line and proportional parts. you used proportions to solve problems between similar...

7-4 Parallel Line and Proportional Parts.

You used proportions to solve problems between similar triangles.

• Use proportional parts within triangles.• Use proportional parts with parallel lines.

When a triangle contains a line that is parallel to one of its sides, the two triangles formed can be proved similar using AA Similarity Postulate. Since the triangles are similar, their sides are proportional.

p. 490

Substitute the known measures.

Cross Products Property

Multiply.

Divide each side by 8.

Simplify.

A. 2.29

B. 4.125

C. 12

D. 15.75

p. 491

In order to show that we must show that

Since the sides are

proportional.

Answer: Since the segments have

proportional lengths, GH || FE.

A. yes

B. no

C. cannot be determined

Midsegment of a Triangle

A midsegment of a triangle – a segment with endpoints that are the midpoints of two sides of the triangle. Every triangle has 3 midsegments.

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DefinitionA segment whose endpoints are the midpoints of two of its sides is a midsegment of a triangle.

midsegment

Midsegment Theorem for TrianglesA segment whose endpoints are the midpoints are the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and half its length.

M N

X

Y Z

MN = ½ YZ

A. In the figure, DE and EF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find AB.

Answer: AB = 10

ED = AB Triangle Midsegment Theorem__12

5 = AB Substitution__12

10 = AB Multiply each side by 2.

B. In the figure, DE and EF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find FE.

Answer: FE = 9

FE = (18) Substitution

__12

__12

FE = BC Triangle Midsegment Theorem

FE = 9 Simplify.

C. In the figure, DE and EF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find mAFE.

Answer: mAFE = 87

AFE FED Alternate Interior Angles Theorem

mAFE = mFED Definition of congruence

mAFE = 87 Substitution

By the Triangle Midsegment Theorem, AB || ED.

A. 8

B. 15

C. 16

D. 30

A. In the figure, DE and DF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find BC.

B. In the figure, DE and DF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find DE.

A. 7.5

B. 8

C. 15

D. 16

C. In the figure, DE and DF are midsegments of ΔABC. Find mAFD.

A. 48

B. 58

C. 110

D. 122

MAPS In the figure, Larch, Maple, and Nuthatch Streets are all parallel. The figure shows the distances in between city blocks. Find x.

Notice that the streets form a triangle that is cut by parallel lines. So you can use the Triangle Proportionality Theorem.

Answer: x = 32

Triangle Proportionality Theorem

Cross Products Property

Multiply.Divide each side by 13.

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 7

In the figure, Davis, Broad, and Main Streets are all parallel. The figure shows the distances in between city blocks. Find x.

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ALGEBRA Find x and y.

To find x:

3x – 7 = x + 5 Given

2x – 7 = 5 Subtract x from each side.

2x = 12 Add 7 to each side.

x = 6 Divide each side by 2.To find y:

The segments with lengths 9y – 2 and 6y + 4 are congruent since parallel lines that cut off congruent segments on one transversal cut off congruent segments on every transversal.

9y – 2 = 6y + 4 Definition of congruence

3y – 2 = 4 Subtract 6y from each side.

3y = 6 Add 2 to each side.

y = 2 Divide each side by 3.

Solve for x

x

172x

5x−57

x

6.2

x = 8.5 2x = ½ (5x−57)

4x = 5x −57

−x = −57

x = 57

12.4

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