7 selye 1a
Post on 16-Jul-2015
249 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
HANS SELYE
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME
SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TRAINING CONCEPT
G.A.S.
CHALLENGE
&
RECOVERY
BALANCED
G.A.S.
ChallengeStimulus
Demands
Upsets Homeostasis
Uses Resources
G.A.S.
Recovery
Stimulus Removed
Replace Resources
System Adapts
HANS SELYE
Early 1930’s
Med student in Austria
Non-specific symptoms
Looked ill
Felt ill
Coated tongues
Sore throats
Achy joints
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Loss of appetite
Loss of weight
Excess nitrogen excretion
Low-grade fever
Enlarged spleen
Occasional rashes
HANS SELYE
Studied “just being sick”
What it means to an organism? Prevent symptoms? Improve defenses?
Treatment possible?
HANS SELYE
Life’s Work - 1935
Investigate…
non-specific response…
to any prolonged challenge…
to homeostasis
“STRESS”
HANS SELYETRIADChanges associated w/stressAdrenals
Medulla - lipids, vacuoles, necrosis
Cortex - hypertrophy, cortisol
LymphaticsThymus - degeneration
Spleen - atrophy
WBC - decrease
DigestiveMucosa -ulceration
SINCE SELYEObservations
Pituitary
Pancreas
Liver
Kidney
Gonadotropic Hormones
Inflammation Pouches
Cortisol Increase protein catabolismIncrease blood pressureDecrease AA uptakeDecrease testosteroneDecrease antibody effectiveness
Immunosuppressive
Repeated Interval Training=> persistent increase in cortisol
Decrease muscle repair Decrease immune responseDecrease endocrine responseIncrease mood disruption
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME
ALARM
ADAPTATION
EXHAUSTION
ALARM
Challenge Perceived
Messages via Nerves/Hormones
Activation of Resources
Challenge Removed
Recovery Commences
“In the Alarm Stage the body
experiences a drain on energy and
structural and raw material reserves.
It also experiences significant cellular
destruction. No organism can maintain
this stage continuously. It either has to
Resist stressors or die. In most cases it
Resists and Adapts.”
ALARM
~ 60% VO2max =>
ALARM =>
Triggers “Fight or Flight” => Nervous/Endocrine systems =>
Epinephrine/Cortisol flow => Activation of Resources
Meeting Challenge =
Using Resources
ALARM
Challenge ~ CatabolicRespiration rate increasesHeart rate increasesContractile strength of heart increasesBlood pressure increasesBlood flow diverted to musclesProtein broken down to amino acidsGlucose made in liver from amino acidsAdditional adrenalin producedGlucose, FFA, amino acid metabolismTemperature risesStrength of muscle contraction increasesSpeed of muscle contraction increasesMental activity increasesPupils dilateSphincters close
Resource Level
C R
24 - 72 Hours
ALARM
Recovery ~ Anabolic
Restores Resources
Insufficient Recovery =>
Subtle Depletion of Resources
ADAPTATION
Repeated Intelligent Alarm
Resource Levels RiseNet Anabolic
Adaptation
Training Effect
“Energy and structural resources are
replenished at a level that cause a reduction
of the response to similar challenges in the
future.
“Adaptation takes place so that the same
challenge does not seem as challenging.”
ADAPTATION
Influenced by:Current Fitness
Environment
Demographics
Level of Challenge (s)
Recovery
Resource Level
C = R
Months
ADAPTATION
Structural O2 Transport MetabolicBones Heart Volume Aerobic Enzymes
Ligaments Vascularization Anaerobic Enzymes
Tendons Contractile Strength Muscle ATP & PCr
Muscle Protein Vagus Contrtol Muscle RNA/DNA
Cartilage Compression Blood Volume Muscle Mitochondria
Less Neuron Inhibition Capillary Density Glycogen Storage
ADAPTATION
Adaptation Cyclical
Adaptation Limited
Challenges must be removed…or…
EXHAUSTION
If Challenge
Prolonged
Increased
or
Additional challenges
Catabolic part of ALARM
reappears…but…STAYS
“Even a fully inured organism
cannot indefinitely maintain
adaptation under continuous
exposure to severe stress.”
EXHAUSTION
“The individual’s ability to
adapt is lost.
Unless the challenge is reduced
Or removed, the energy and
resource levels will drop
below the original level
and continue through the
non-specific symptoms,
culminating in the appearance
of specific disease, injury or
even death.”
Resource Level
C > R (7 to 10 days)
Anytime
EXHAUSTIONPersonality
Challenges (“psyching up”) Seem HarderIrritatedDisinterestedConcentration
Heart Rate Increased AM HR
Resting HR Exercise HR Recovery HR
BodyRestless Sleep Poor AppetiteAbnormal Weight LossIncreased Muscle SorenessIncreased Joint PainPoor Facial Skin Color/TextureFever Blisters/Canker Sores
PhysicalInability to Meet Practice Goals
Recover from Practices
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME
Resource Level
ALARM ADAPTATION EXHAUSTION
C/R C=R C>R
24-72 hrs Months Anytime
HANS SELYE
Challenge
Necessary for improvement
Response to Challenge
Demands energy/resources
Stressors Become Excessive?
Body no longer adapts
Slides into exhaustion
Abnormal Recovery Indicators
Non-specific symptoms of disease
Specific disease or injury
top related