8 insect bite

FIRST AID ON INSECT BITES

BY FIROZ QURESHI

INTRODUCTION 1. INSECT BITE: A painful wound caused by the thrust of an insect's stinger into skin.• Insects include, bees, wasps,

jelly fish, ticks, mites, leeches, spider & scorpion.

BEES, WASPS & JELLY FISH BITE

Insects such as bees, wasps & jelly fish causes stings which are very painful. Insects bite us for feeding or for their defense.

INSECT VENOM Bee venom is acidic in nature.

Wasp venom is alkaline in nature.

Jelly fish venom is alkaline in nature.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS• Sharp pain

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd.....

• Swelling around the affected area with the central reddened puncture point.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd.....

• Sting may be there in the wound.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd.....

• Shock• Stings in the mouth & throat may causes swelling leading to asphyxia.

FIRST- AID o REMOVAL OF STING- If the sting has been left embedded in the skin hold tweezers near to the skin as much as possible grasp the sting & remove it.

FIRST- AID contd…..

oDO NOT- Squeeze the poison sac because this will force the remaining poison into the skin.

FIRST-AID contd…..

Bee venom is acidic & it should be neutralized by application of ammonia, soda or methylene blue.

FIRST- AID contd…..

Wasp venom is alkaline & it should be neutralized by application by of vinegar or lemon juice.

FIRST- AID contd…..

To relieve pain & swelling apply cold compress & surgical spirit.

FIRST- AID contd….. For jelly fish stings, apply

calamine lotions.

FIRST- AID contd…..Treatment of insect stings inside the mouth or throat To reduce swelling,

give ice to suck. Rinse the mouth with cold water or solution of water & bicarbonate of soda.

FIRST- AID contd…..

If required, shift the patient to casualty in hospital.

2. SCORPION BITE

SCORPION BITESIGNS & SYMPTOMS Itching

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Swelling

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Burning pain Increased sensation or numbness

near the site of bite Restlessness

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Lacrimation

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Salivation Nausea, vomiting

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Profuse sweating, 4-6 hours after bite.

INSECT VENOM Scorpion venom is neurotoxic, cardio toxic, hemotoxic & myotoxic gives rise to local & systemic manifestations.

FIRST-AID If the sting is on the extremity, apply a tourniquet proximal to the site of sting & release it every 5-10 minutes for few seconds to prevent gangrene formation.

FIRST-AID contd……. Apply ice packs on the

region to slow down the absorption of poison.

Apply fresh potassium permanganate solution on the wound. It stops the pain immediately.

FIRST-AID contd…….

If required, shift the patient to the hospital.

3. STINGS OF MITES, TICKS & LEECHES

STINGS OF MITES, TICKS & LEECHES contd……

Leeches are found in jungles.

They attach themselves firmly to the skin.

Leeches are normally harmless, but they suck blood from the victim.

.

STINGS OF MITES, TICKS & LEECHES contd……

Mites & ticks may carry typhus & may transmit it to the person.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Pain or swelling at the

bite site Rash

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Burning sensation Blisters

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

Fever Acne Redness

FIRST-AID 1. Don’t try to remove the insect manually. Their mouth parts may remain in the skin & may cause inflammation & infection.

FIRST-AID contd….

2. Application of salt results in leech dropping off.

FIRST-AID contd….

3. Put any burning substance on the body of the ticks & leeches. They will fall off.

FIRST-AID contd…. 4. Clean the area with

methylated spirit. 5. Apply weak ammonia or soda bicarbonate or calamine lotion on the wound. This will relieve irritation. 6. Hospitalization is usually not required

4. SPIDER BITE

SPIDER BITE contd…. A spider bite, also known as arachnidism, is an injury resulting from the bite of a spider.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS a) Pain b) Bleeding may occur

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS contd…

c) Sweatingd) High blood pressuree) Gooseflush f) Tendernessg) Necrotic skin lesions

FIRST- AID I. Wash the wound with

soap & water. II. Apply ice to the site of

the wound to reduce inflammation.

III.Shift the patient to the hospital.