a white man’s country
Post on 02-Jan-2016
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20% of Americans think doctors and the government want to vaccinate children despite knowing that vaccines cause autism.
33% of Americans think "humans and other living things have existed in their present form since the beginning of time."
37% of voters believe global warming is a hoax
13% of voters think Barack Obama is the anti-Christ
• More products• Greater variety• Greater amount• Beginning of mass production• Decline of home production
Growth of Trade
• Growing wheat, corn• Steel plow invented by Cyrus McCormick• Credit• Feeding eastern cities• Eastern farmers focus on dairy, fruits, veggies
Commercial Agriculture
– Craftsmen lose autonomy– Work split up into smaller tasks– Interchangeable parts– Clocks, guns, tools, shoes, etc.– Mechanization– British technology stolen
Factory System
– Most from Ireland, Germany– Most went to the North– Only Baltimore, New Orleans, and St. Louis got
many immigrants
Immigration
– Why?• Peasants pushed off land• Industrialization costs craft jobs• Steamship, railroad make travel easier
Individualism
• Free labor – Your labor is your property– Sell it on the market
• “Self-made man”• Possessive individualism
Conundrum of Jacksonian Democracy
– Expanding democracy– Expanding slavery in the cotton kingdom– Racist Andrew Jackson icon of the era– By 1840, 90% of white men could vote
Big Picture
• Jefferson succeeded by Madison and Monroe– Still from the revolutionary generation– Decolonization in South America• Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, etc. get independence
Problems with Expansion
– Missouri fiasco splits North and South– Problem of dividing up Louisiana Purchase– Slave or free?– Already slaves there
The Missouri Compromise
– Compromise:• Maine admitted as free state• Missouri as slave• Slavery prohibited in all territory north of 36°30′
latitude
– Guys like Jefferson and John Quincy Adams knew it was a danger to the Union
Andrew Jackson
• Hero of New Orleans/War of 1812• Ran for president in 1824• Won popular vote but failed to win majority in
Electoral College
• Lost to John Quincy Adams– Son of 2nd president– aristocratic New Englander– intellectual– not a very good politician– wanted the govt to do a lot
Jackson Strikes Back
• 1828 victory revolutionizes politics– Well-organized political parties– Founding of Democratic Party– Most white men can vote– Patronage
Jackson’s Ideas
– Limited government– Popular participation in govt for white men– Opportunity for whites, but definitely not Indians
and blacks
Democrats Worry about Inequality
– Industrialization, growing commerce– Suspicion toward bankers, merchants, speculators– Supported by small farmers, aspiring
businessmen, urban workers
New Opposition: the Whig Party
– Believed in progress– Tariff to protect industries– Active federal govt– Supported by rich planters, already-successful
merchants and bankers, Northerners
Indian Removal
– Expansion of cotton production– Pushes into Indian lands in the South– Cherokees, Choctaws and other “civilized tribes”
screwed– Georgia expels them
The Trail of Tears
– Supreme Court (1832): removal violates treaties with federal govt
– “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it” – Jackson
– 18,000 Cherokees forced to move in 1838-9– 1/4 die on the way to Oklahoma
Seminoles in FL Keep Fighting
– Second Seminole War (1835-1842)– Indians, escaped slaves join forces– 1,500 US soldiers die– Similar # of Seminoles– Most forced to leave
– First Whig president elected in 1840– Another military hero: William Henry Harrison– Dies in office after thirty days– Total fiasco– His successor disagrees with Whigs on everything
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