addresses and address data - experiences from denmark

Addresses and Address Data

Experiences from Denmark

Introduction

Ministry for Housing, Urban and Rural AffairsAddress: Gammel Mønt 4, 1117 Copenhagen

Ministry’s Logo

The Ministry

Minister Carsten Hansen

ODI-UK, 08-08-2014 DK Addresses and Address Data 4

Disclaimer

The basic facts are approved

… but personal statements are mine

”Mr. and Mrs. Dursley of number four, Privet Drive was proud to say that they were perfectly normal …”

J.K. Rowlands: ”Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone” (Chapter 1, p. 1)

Christopher Corbin, Address Data, PSI, Open data

Michael Nicholson, Intelligent Addressing, EURADIN

Rob Walker, ISO Address Standard

Bob Barr

Concept of Addressing

B“Structured information that allows the unambiguous determination of an object for purposes of identification and location”

From ISO 19160 DIS

Addresses are important

Bratislava, August 1968(Nordfoto, DK)

… without addressesnavigation is difficult

CC Paul Townsend(Flickr: brizzle born and bred)

… so road signs were painted out in the UK during WWII

… and should be easy to understand

… initiative launched 2009 by the Universal Postal Union, UPU

“As a network, addresses allow individuals to be connected to everyday life, have a legal identity, participate in the democratic process, be part of the society, as well as the formal economy, receive public and private services and participate in the information and communication age.

Governments and public and private services also benefit from the address network by using it to optimize the reach of policies, communicate with individuals and support goods and service delivery.

Addresses are the underlying thread connecting these different actors and their activities, effectively functioning as a network of networks.”

Universal Postal Union, UPU

Delivery ServicesDelivery Services

Communication networksCommunication networks

Vehicle navigationVehicle navigation

Civil registrationCivil registration

MarketingMarketing

StatisticsStatistics

Location planningLocation planning

Yellow pages, mappingYellow pages, mapping

Social servicesSocial servicesTax, assessmentTax, assessment

Insurance/finacingInsurance/finacing

Property marketProperty market

TransportTransport

Customer relationsCustomer relations

EmergencyEmergency

Health careHealth care

Geo enabled applicationsGeo enabled applications

ADDR3A3A

A Brief History

– of addressing in Denmark

… 1960 Addresses covers urban areas only

1967 Post code system introduced

1970-73 Addresses extended to rural areas

1978-80: Standard Address Format

Jennifer RedBlue Street 14A, 1.tv4990 Grenville C

Mun.C Street AddNo Floor Door

413 0915 14A 1 tv

1995-2001: Geocoding and Harmonization

Basic method: Collect addresses from 2-3 property base registers and combine them with the “house-number layer” in the first generation of digital maps.

Store the resulting data in the public Building and Dwelling Register

MapKRRPropertyData Registers

BBRBuilding- and DwellingRegister

MunicipalTechnical Base Maps

1995-2001: Geocoding and Harmonization Mun StrC AdNo X-coord. Y-coord. Arc. --- ---- ---- -------,-- -------,-- ----- 619 4605 _17A 248.510,45 153.345,08 175,0

Mun StrC AdNo X-coord. Y-coord. Arc. --- ---- ---- -------,-- -------,-- ----- 619 4605 _17A 248.510,45 153.345,08 175,0

The initiative was a volunteer municipal project supported by the government and the local government association by standards, access to public registers and project coordination

Conceptual Issues

The Concept of Addresses and Address Data

From “Address as an Attribute”

Population Register

Property Register

Building Register

Health Care

Register of Business Entities

Utilities

… which encourages Inconsistency

Property register

Orchards Lane 2

Property register

Orchards Lane 2

DB1Utility data base:

Old Kings Road 88

Utility data base:

Old Kings Road 88

Towards “Address as an Object”

Population Register

Property Register

Building Register

Customermanagement

Business Entities

Utilities

Address Register

Address as an Object - Example

Mill Road

Before

Mill Road

Oak Lane

0a3f507f-c5df-32b8-e044-0003ba298018 0a3f507f-c5df-32b8-e044-0003ba298018

Addresses as a Common Asset for Society

Address SystemAddress System

Concept of Addressesas a common, public

asset and resource

Person(CPR, health,social, Tax …)

BusinessLegal entities production units…

Building, dwelling, utilities, property …

2000-2001: Supported by Legal Framework

Public and Common Private RoadLegislation

§PopulationRegisterLegislation

PopulationRegisterLegislation

§BuildingRegisterLegislation

BuildingRegisterLegislation

Until 2001

Building Register ActSect. 3a-3g

§ 2001: All legal regulation of addressing transferred to the Act on Building and Dwelling Registration(Last revision 2012)

Statutory orderon road names and Addresses

§ 2003: Detailed regulation on rules for addressing(Latest revision May 2014)

From 2001 - …

Address Data Agreement

The 2002 agreement to provide address data as “Open data”, without fee or license restrictions

2000-2002 Deadlock SituationSituation:• State of the art address data, 97 % with HQ geo codes• Very large potential for use; Could be joined with data from

other public base registries• Large user demand from: emergency, police, county

administration, transport sector, health …But:• Data owned by 275 individual municipalities; no common

license agreement or data distributionTherefore: • Almost no re-use of data outside municipalities; but competing

private sector collections/datasets

ODI-UK, 08-08-2014 35DK Addresses and Address Data

ODI-UK, 08-08-2014 36

Ministry of Finance comes to rescue

2002 …: Free of Charge Data Agreement

Prepared by Danish e-Government Taskforce in Ministry of Finance

Purpose: Increase use of address data including geo codes

Covers full public and private sector use and add-on valueing

Payment only of marginal costs of distribution

No license fee or any other payment based on IPR

Re-distribution to 3rd parties without payment

Economic compensation to municipalities; also for maintenance

Drivers behind the agreement

– and the Evaluation of the Socio-Economic Impact

Public Transport Services

”When we started our first ’Journey Planner project’ we had to manage individual agreements with every single municipality on the use of their address data – in the long run this was not a feasible solution.

Without the ”free-of-charge data agreement our project would have been almost impossible”

”When we started our first ’Journey Planner project’ we had to manage individual agreements with every single municipality on the use of their address data – in the long run this was not a feasible solution.

Without the ”free-of-charge data agreement our project would have been almost impossible”

Ulla Skjelbo, Project Manager”Rejseplanen”/Journey Planner 1999-2000

Public Safety and Crime Detection

”Access to the official geo coded addresses proved to be one of the most important milestones in the implementation of GIS in the police force”

”Access to the official geo coded addresses proved to be one of the most important milestones in the implementation of GIS in the police force” Ole Jacobsen,

National Investigation Center, Danish National Police

Disease Monitoring and Control

Legionella

Examples showing monitoring Legionella infections over a period of 2 decades and detection of the transmission source of a recent Campylobacter outbreak.

”Geo coded address data is a crucial tool to the national monitoring of infectious diseases and to the analysis for detection of transmission source of outbreaks.”

Ivan Bæhr, GIS specialist, Statens Serum Institut – SSI

(Danish Center for Disease Control)

Campylobacter

Cancer Research

“In studies of environmental pollutants and human health, the assessment of individual exposure to pollutants are a major challenge.

Without geo coded addresses our recent estimations of radon in the homes of children with leukemia and air pollution at the residences of lung cancer patients, had not been possible.”

“In studies of environmental pollutants and human health, the assessment of individual exposure to pollutants are a major challenge.

Without geo coded addresses our recent estimations of radon in the homes of children with leukemia and air pollution at the residences of lung cancer patients, had not been possible.”

Ole Raaschou-Nielsen. Institute of Cancer Epidemiology,

Danish Cancer Society

Postal Delivery Services

Address based planning of mail delivery (courtesy: Post Denmark)

“Post Denmark assesses that the new route planning tool ’TOR’ will reduce delivery costs by 7,5 millions EUR every year. This corresponds to 3,3% of the overall time used for delivery”

(’TOR’ is based on geo coded address data)

“Post Denmark assesses that the new route planning tool ’TOR’ will reduce delivery costs by 7,5 millions EUR every year. This corresponds to 3,3% of the overall time used for delivery”

(’TOR’ is based on geo coded address data)

Lars Kristensen, Post Denmark in ”Fyens Stiftstidende” 03-12-2004

Emergency Dispatch Services

“When people call 1-1-2, the first thing to know is where the accident happened.

Address and street name is the most important tools to confirm the location – in order for us to dispatch the right ambulance.”

“When people call 1-1-2, the first thing to know is where the accident happened.

Address and street name is the most important tools to confirm the location – in order for us to dispatch the right ambulance.”

Erling Larsen, Danish 112 Centers’ Secretariat

(112 was one of the first address data users)

Commercial use

“In the first year after the Free-of-Charge agreement, everybody thought they could make simple business just by re-selling the original address data.

It very quickly became clear, though, that the opportunities for business was in value-adding and development of new, smart products based on the addresses as a common reference.”

“In the first year after the Free-of-Charge agreement, everybody thought they could make simple business just by re-selling the original address data.

It very quickly became clear, though, that the opportunities for business was in value-adding and development of new, smart products based on the addresses as a common reference.”

Martin Glarvig, Managing Director, Geomatic DK

Assessing the Impact

Estimated Socio-Economic Benefits 2005-2009 of the Free-of-Charge Agreement

2010: Assessment of Benefits 2005-2010

2000 2005 2010 2015

Better

Average

Start ’Zero’

Impact ofagreement How shall we assess

the benefits of the increased address data re-use?

Chain of Address Data Re-use

‘Public Data Server’ (PDS)

2nd level

Licensed Data Distributors

3rd 5th4th …

End users

Re-use and re-re-use

Increase in Re-use 2002-2009

Use of address data sets

2001 2009

2002 2009

Number of Address data sets distributed or updated to 3rd parties in 2002 and 2009(of the 1250, approximately 300 was ’full cover Denmark’

Private sector

State, region

Municipality70%

Private sector

State, region

Municipality

Result: Assessment of Benefits

Direct, measurable economic benefits from re-use of public address data 2005-2009: ~ 63 mill. EUR (~471 mill. DKK)

Assessed benefits in 2010:~ 14 mill. EUR (~105 mill. DKK)

Cost of data agreement 2003-2009:~ 2.6 mill. EUR (~20 mill. DKK)

~ In 2010: 0.2 mill. EUR (~1.5 mill. DKK)

Results Confirmed by EU Commission

Pricing of Public Sector Information Study (POPSIS) selected the Danish provision of address data as one of the case studies.

The Study used another method, but the conclusion, that the Free-of-Charge agreement on address data had a significant positive socio-economic impact, was the same.

EU DG InfSoc, October 2011

OSM Paris, 04-04-2014 DK Addresses and Address Data 52

Potential Cost-benefit of a Danish Address

1 1000 5.000.000

Address authority Industry Products

The municipal address authority allocates and registers an address or a road name

1000 application developers or data producers integrates the address or road name in their product or service

5 mill. users now have access to the new address or road name in their it-system, GPS, smartphone or tablet

Few costHuge benefit

Present time

Initiatives, opportunities and challenges

We are in a New World

> 50 % of all Households! (1,25 mill.)> 50 % of all Households! (1,25 mill.)

Antal husstande med GPS navigation og smartphone(Kilde: Danmarks Statistik)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

GPS navigation

Smartphone

Antal husstande med GPS navigation og smartphone(Kilde: Danmarks Statistik)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

GPS navigation

Smartphone

*) Add to this number of GPS, smartphones and tablets used in private businesses and public sector

Where Emergency Response is Data-driven

500 times every day, an ambulance is dispatched to an incident where the response time is critical – i.e. few minutes delay could cause death or another serious situation

On the Political Agenda

TV2/Fyn 8. oktober 2012 ”Unfortunately there are many places without an accurate address”

The Address Program

DK Addresses and Address Data 59

The data quality – E.g. timeliness, accuracy, coverage,

harmonization, standardization

The back end infrastructure – E.g. base register systems, coherence

with other basic data sets etc.

The services– E.g. by reliable, high-effect, open

services for mapping, online access and download

… and everything within the concept of Open Data and Open Services

The Address Program shall Improve

ODI-UK, 08-08-2014

External Interest in Improvement *)

• Public sector – at all levels:– Waste of time in management of in-formal, local address registers– Waste of time to sort out data inconsistency from different sources

• Business – Utilities, LBS service providers, transport sector:– Higher accuracy, better address coverage and improved timeliness– Improved data services, reduced costs of acquisition

• Citizens:– Are worried if GPS and emergency service will not find them– Are troubled when services are poor because of bad addressing

*) Based on several stakeholder reports and feed back from users and citizens

DK Addresses and Address Data 60ODI-UK, 08-08-2014

National TV-spot from May 2014

Benefits for Society

Expected and experienced socio-economic benefits of the Address Program – and examples

Benefits of the Address Program

Improved Data Quality

and timeliness

Improved Data Quality

and timeliness

Improved infrastructure

Systematic Re-use

IT-Infrastructure:(Implementation + operation)

New address registerData Distribution/Services

IT-Infrastructure:(Implementation + operation)

New address registerData Distribution/Services

Improved Data Quality:(implementation costs)

Extra FTE’s in municipalities and MBBL

Improved Data Quality:(implementation costs)

Address authority tasks:(operational costs)

Benefits from digital self-service, electronic forms, applications, reporting

Reduced cost of new it-applications and systemsReduced cost of new it-applications and systems

Reduced cost and time of present it and address data management

Other business process benefitsOther business process benefits In total

~30 mill EUR/yr from 2015

In total ~30 mill EUR/yr

from 2015

~ 5 mill EUR(one time) +1 mill EUR/yr

~ 85 FTE(one time)~ 85 FTE

(one time)

~ 40 FTEevery year~ 40 FTE

every year

The Address Program Business Case

2012 2016 2020

EvenBetter

Almostperfect?

Today’Zero’

(Do nothing)

Future situation

Impact of Address program

Estimated annual net benefit: 30 mill. EUR/yr

DK Addresses and Address Data 65

• Because our address data are open they are widely in use for many applications

• Because our data are in use and open, users see the mutual benefits in reporting errors

• Because we receive error reports, we are able to improve our address data

NoteNote

ODI-UK, 08-08-2014

Any government wants to create new jobs, private innovation, entrepreneurship – and tax revenue

Data is the new Gold

– Open data is a great opportunity for pushing our

economy

Data is the new Gold

– Open data is a great opportunity for pushing our

economy

Neelie Kroes, Vice President EC

Joys Law

"No matter who you are, most of the smartest

people work for someone else.”

Bill Joy, the co-founder of Sun Microsystems

(One of the best reasons for Open Data)

Open Address Data: Business Opportunities

Thanks to

Contact Information

• Morten Lind, Ministry for Housing, Urban and Rural Affairs – Denmark, mli@mbbl.dk – Twitter: @mortlin

• The Ministry (MBBL): www.mbbl.dk

• Danish Geodata Agency: www.gst.dk

• Danish Basic Data Program: http://uk.fm.dk/publications/2012/good-basic-data-for-everyone/

• The Address Program: www.adresseprogrammet.dk

• Danish Address Website: www.danmarksadresser.dk

• Address data services: www.aws.dk

• The value of Danish address data: http://danmarksadresser.dk/file/389579/Value_Assessment_Danish_Address_Data_UK_2010-07-07.pdf

• Twitter: Danmarks Adresser - @DKAdresser Address data services: @AWS_Suiten

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