aec · pdf fileaec & afta presented by tin tin htwe (retd. director) national afta unit...

AEC

&

AFTA

Presented by

Tin Tin Htwe (Retd. Director)

National AFTA Unit

Ministry of National Planning & Economic Development

tmqD,HESifh jrefrmEdkifiH

ta&SUawmiftm&SEdkifiHrsm;toif; (ASEAN) zGJUpnf;jcif;/

tif'dkeD;&Sm;? rav;&Sm;? Zdvpfydkif? puFmyl? xdkif; -

1967 ckESpf? Mo*kwfv (8)&uf/

b&lEdkif;

tif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiH? *sumwmNrdKU(1981)

jrefrmEdkifiHESifh tuf(zf)wm

tuf(zf)wm taumiftxnfazmfrnfhumv – 1998 ckESpf rS 2008 ckESpf xd(10 ESpf)

tuf(zf)wm taumiftxnfazmf&ef toHk;jyKrnfhpepf – CEPT pHepf

(tzGJU0ifEdkifiHrsm;tMum; bHktusdK;wloufa&mufrnfh taumufcGefOD;pm;ay;pepf)

taumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; 0% rS 5% twGif;avsmhcs&ef

Form (D) udktoHk;jyKrS tusdK;cHpm;cGifh&&SdrSmjzpf

qif;&JrIESifh

vlrIpD;yGm;a&;

uGJjym;rIrsm;

avQmYcsaom

wnfjidrfaom

pD;yGm;a&;zGHYjzdK;rI

tcsdK;nDpGmjzifh

,SOfjydKifrIjrifhrm;aom <u,f0csrf;omaom

pD;yGm;a&;zGHYjzdK;rI

tcsdK;nDaom

tuf(zf)wmrS tmqD,HarQmfrSef;csuf 2020 odkY

tmqD,HarQmfrSef;csuf 2020

ASEAN Vision 2020

(1997 ckeSpf? uGmvmvrfyl? tmqD,HxdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;)

bmvD uGefaumh 2 ( Bali Concord II )

(2003 ckeSpf bmvD tmqD,H xdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;)

tmqD,H tokduft0ef;

(ASEAN Community)

tmqD,H

EdkifiHa&;ESifh

vkHjcKHa&;

tokduft0ef; ASEAN

Political &

Security

Community -

APSC)

tmqD,H

pD;yGm;a&;

tokduft0ef;

(ASEAN

Economic

Community –

AEC)

tmqD,H

vlrI,Ofaus;rI

tokduft0ef;

(ASEAN

Socio-Cultural

Community -

ASCC)

AEC ukd a½SUwkd;aqmif½GufoGm;&ef/ (2006 ckESpf? uGmvmvrfyl? tmqD,H pD;yGm;a&;0efBuD;rsm; tpnf;ta0;)

AEC ukd 2015 okdYa½SUwkd; taumiftxnfazmf&eftwGuf Bali Concord II wGifygaom

oGifjyifvu©Pmrsm;? tcsuftvufrsm;eSifhukdufnDjyD; ½Sif;vif;onfh &nfrSef;csufrsm;eSifh tcsdef

Z,m;rsm;yg½Sdonfh odjrifvG,fulaom tmqD,H pD;yGm;a&; tokduft0ef;ukd azmfxkwf&ef

1997 2020 2015 2006

AEC

pDbl;aMujimcsufpmwrf;/ ( Cebu Declaration)

(2007 ckeSpf? 12 Mudrfajrmuf tmqD,H xdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;)

acgif;aqmifMuD;rsm;u ASEAN Vision 2020 ESifh ASEAN Concord-2 wdkYwGif

&nfrSef;xm;onfhtwdkif; tmqD,Htodkuft0ef;udk a&SUwdk;í 2015ckESpfwGif wnfaxmif&ef

xyfrHuwdNyKcJhMuNyD; pDbl;aMunmcsufudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhMuygonf/

tmqD,H pD;yGm;a&;todkuft0ef;udk 2015ckESpfwGif wnfaxmifEdkif&eftwGuf wGef;tm;

ay;&efESifh tmqD,Ha'oudk ukefpnfrsm;? 0efaqmifrIrsm;? &if;ESD;NrSKyfESHrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm

pD;qif;Edkif&efESifh uRrf;usifvkyfom;rsm; vGwfvyfpGma&TUaNymif;Edkif&ef? aiGt&if;tESD;rsm;

ydkrdkvGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;Edkifonfh a'oNzpfap&ef oabmwlcJhMuygonf/

12th ASEAN SUMMIT, 2007

Cebu Declaration

wpfckwnf;aom aps;uGufeSifh xkwfvkyfrI

tajccHa'o

,SOfjydKifekdifpGrf; jrifhrm;aom

pD;yGm;a&;a'o

pD;yGm;a&;zGHYjzdK;rI rQwaoma'o

urÇmY pD;yGm;a&;wGif tjynfht0

yg0ifaygif;pnf;rI½Sdaoma'o

AEC \oGifjyifvu©Pmrsm;/

(Characteristics and Elements of AEC)

(Single Market and

Production Base)

Highly Competitive

Economic Region)

A Region of Equitable

Economic Development)

A Region fully Integrated

into the Global Economy)

AEC \oGifjyif

vu©Pmrsm;/

wpfckwnf;aomaps;uGuf ESifh xkwfvkyfrI tajccHa'o/

(Single Market and Production Base)

Single Market and Production Base

ukefpnfrsm; vGwfvyfpGm

pD;qif;apjcif;/

(Free flow of

Goods)

0efaqmifrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm

pD;qif;apjcif

( Free flow of

Services)

&if;eSD;jrKyfeSHrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm

pD;qif;apjcif;/

( Free flow of

Investment)

aiGa&;aMu;a&; t&if;tESD;rsm; ykdrkdvGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;apjcif;/

(Freer flow

of Capital)

uRrf;usif vkyfom;rsm; vGwfvyfpGm ajymif;a½TY apekdifjcif;/

(Free flow of

Skilled

Labour)

vGwfvyfpGm ajymif;a½TY apekdifjcif;/

(Priority

Integration

Sectors)

ukefpnfrsm; vGwfvyfpGm

pD;qif;apjcif;/

(Food,

Agriculture &

Forestry)

ukefpnfrsm;vGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;apjcif;/

(Free flow of Goods)

Free flow of Goods

ukefpnfrsm; ajzavsmhay;jcif;

( Liberalization)

ukefoG,frI vG,fulrI&Sdapjcif;

(Facilitation)

Remove customs

duties 0%

Remove NTBs

Ref: ATIGA Toriff schedule of 2013

• Harmonize customs procedure

• Establish ASEAN single window

• Operational certification procedure on CEPT scheme

• Harmonization and standardization of trade and

customs procedure

• Customs modernization

• Harmonize technical regulation and conformity

assessment procedures

Excessive and time-consuming documentary requirement irregular

and arbitrary payments for expediting customs procedure.

0efaqmifrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;jcif;/

(Free Flow of Services)

- a'owGif; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrItwGuf ta&;BuD;onfh u@jzpfygonf/

- tmqD,Ha'owGif; 0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Gufvdkolrsm;twGuf

jynfwGif;wnfqJ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;rSvGJí uefYowfcsufrsm; z,f&Sm;ay;&ef/

- bPfESifh aiGaMu;0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rsm; (ASEAN - X) formula/

(Banking and Financial Services)

- Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs):

7 Professionals.

1) Engineering

2) Nursing

3) Architect

4) Surveying

5) Medical Doctors

6) Dental

7) Accountancy

&if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;Edkifjcif;/

(Free Flow of Investment)

- jynfwGif; twm;tqD;rsm; z,f&Sm;ay;&ef/

- &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrIaumif;onfh ywf0ef;usif zefwD;ay;&ef/

- vkyfief;vkyfaqmif&ef ukefusaiGrsm; avsmhusap&ef/

tmqD,H bufpHk&if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrI oabmwlpmcsKyf (2010)

vG,fulrI&Sdap&efESifh

yl;aygif;aqmif½Guf&ef?

&if;ESD;jrSKyfESHolrsm;tm;

tumtuG,fay;&ef? ajzavsmhrIrsm;jyKvkyf&ef?

aiGaMu;t&if;tESD;rsm; vGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;apjcif;/

(Freer flow of capital)

- EdkifiHjcm;wdkuf&dkuf &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrI? t&if;tESD;ajymif;a&TUrI? t&if;tESD;aps;uGuf zGHUNzdK;rIwdkUudk

ydkrdkcGifhjyK&ef

- aiGaMu;vufrSwfxkwfa0jcif;twGuf vdktyfonfh Oya'ESifh pum;&yftoHk;tEIef;rsm;udk

ydkrdkvG,fulap&ef

uRrf;usifvkyfom;rsm; vGwfvyfpGm vkyfudkifcGifhjyKjcif;/

(Free Flow of Skilled Labor)

- ukefpnfESifh 0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rsm;? &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrI vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Gufrnfh EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm;

0ifxGufoGm;vmrI vG,fulaponfh tpDtpOfrsm;udk tdrf&SifEdkifiH\ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;t& cGifhjyK&ef/

- e,fpyfjzwfausmf ukefoG,frIESifh &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrI jyKvkyfrnfh uRrf;usifvkyfom;rsm;ESifh toufarG;

0rf;aMumif; aqmif&Gufolrsm;twGuf ADZmESifh tvkyfvkyfudkifcGifhrsm; xkyfay;&mü vG,fulrI&Sdap&ef/

e,fpyf jzwfausmf

a&Gvsm;rI ay:vpD

tvkyform; a&GUvsm;rIqdkif&m tkyfcsKyfrIpepf/

ajymif;a&TUvkyfom;rsm;twGuf tumtuG,fay;a&;/

ajymif;a&TUtvkyform;rsm; xdrf;csKyfjcif;/

,SOfNydKifEdkifpGrf;jrifhrm;aom pD;yGm;a&;a'o/

(Competitive Economic Region)

1) ,SOfNydKifrIrl0g'/ (Competition Policy)

2) pm;oHk;olrsm;udk tumtuG,fay;jcif;/ (Consumers Protection)

3) todOmPypönf;qkdif&m rlydkifcGifh/ (Intellectual Property Rights - IPRs)

4) tajccHtaqmuftOD;qdkif&m zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;/

(Infrastructure Development)

5) tcGeftc/ (Taxation)

6) .E-Commerce

pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzdK;rI rQwaoma'o/

(Equitable Economic Development)

- tmqD,HtzGJY0ifEkdifiHrsm;\jcm;em;rItvkduf toifhavsmfqkH;jzpfaprnfh tao;pm;ESifh tvwfpm;

vkyfief;rsm; zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;ukd t&Sdefjr§ifhaqmif&Guf&ef/

- taxGaxGpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeqkd;0g;rI? b@ma&;tcuftcJjzpfrI? ykdrkdvGwfvyfaom ukefoG,frI

0ef;usif\ pdefac:rIrsm;ukd tmqD,Htao;pm;ESifhtvwfpm;vkyfief;rsm; cHEkdif&nf&Sd&eftwGuf

tm;jznfh&ef/

- tmqD,Ha'owpf0Srf;vkH; bufpkHpD;yGm;a&; zGHUNzdK;rItwGuf tmqD,H tao;pm;ESifh tvwfpm;

vkyfief;rsm;\ yg0ifrIukdwkd;jr§ifh&ef/

tao;pm;ESifh tvwfpm;vkyfief;rsm; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI

(SME Development)

Integration into the Global Economy

FTA + 1

FTA + 3

FTA + 6

Regional Comprehensive

Economic Partnership –

RCEP (16 countries)

China

Japan

RoK

India

EU

US

Russia

Australia

New

Zealand

ASEAN FTAs with dialogue partners

- tmqD,Ha'otm; ydkrdkawmifhwif;onfh ur

a'oBuD;jzpfap&efESifh

&if;ESD;jrSKyfESHrIudk qGJaqmifaoma'otjzpf

qufvufwnf&Sd&ef/

- tmqD,Htaejzifh tmqD,HpD;yGm;a&; todkuf

t0ef;yHkpHyg &nfrSef;csufxuf ausmfvGef

အာဆယေဒသတြငး လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈေဒသ ေဖာေဆာငျခငး

ASEAN Free Trade Area - AFTA

(၁) သေဘာတစာခပလကမတေရးထးျခငး

အဖြ႕၀ငေဟာငး ၆ ႏငင - ၁၉၉၂

CLMV ၄ ႏငင - အဖြ႕၀ငႏငငျဖစသညေန႔

(၂) အကးတသကေရာကမႈရသညအေကာကခြနဆငရာဥးစားေပးစနစ

ကာလ - ၁၀ႏစအတြငး

အေကာကခြနႏႈနး - ၀%-၅%

အာဆယေဒသ ျပငပရႏငငမားႏင စးပြားေရးေပါငးစညးမႈျပျခငး

• ေဆြးေႏြးဘကႏငငတစႏငငခငးစႏင လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈ ေဒသေဖာေဆာငေရးအတြက

သေဘာတစာခပမား လကမတ ေရးထးျခငး

– (တ႐တ၊ ဂပန၊ ကရးယား၊ အႏၵယ၊ ၾသစေၾတးလႏငနယးဇလန)

ဘာေၾကာငစးပြားေရးေပါငးစညးမႈျပရသလ

(၁) Transaction Cost မားေလာနညးေစၿပး အာဆယစးပြားေရးလပငနးမားက အေထာကအကျပေစသည။

(၂) SME လပငနးမား၊ ၎တ႔၏ထတကနမားအတြက ေစးကြကအသစမားရာေဖြႏငမည

(၃) အာဆယေဒသတြငးႏင ေဒသျပငပတ႔နက႐ႈငးစြာ စးပြားေရးေပါငးစညးမႈျပျခငးျဖင အာဆယႏငငမား အတြငးသ႔ ႏငငျခားရငးႏးျမပႏမႈမား လြယကစြာစး၀ငလာႏငမညျဖစသည။

(၄) အာဆယႏငငသားမား အျခားႏငငမားတြင အလပအကင အခြငအလမးမားရရမည။

(၅) ထတလပမႈစြမးအားက ျမငတငေစၿပး စးပြားေရးဖြ႕ၿဖးတးတကမႈက ျဖစေပၚေစမည။

အာဆယေဒသတြငးႏင ေဒသျပငပလြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈဆငရာသေဘာတစာခပမား

၁။ အာဆယ ကနစညကနသြယမႈ သေဘာတစာခပ ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA)

၂။ အာဆယ - တရတ လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈေဒသ

ASEAN –China Free Trade Area(ACFTA)

၃။ အာဆယ- ကရးယား လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈေဒသ

ASEAN-Korea Free Trade Area (AKFTA)

၄။ အာဆယ- ဂပန ဘကစစးပြားေရး မတဖကေဆာငရြကမႈ ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership

၅။ အာဆယ- အႏၵယ လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈေဒသ

ASEAN-India Free Tade Area (AIFTA)

၆။ အာဆယ- ၾသစေၾတးလ- နယးဇလန လြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈ သေဘာတစာခပ

ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA)

အာဆယကနစညကနသြယမႈသေဘာတစာခပ (ATIGA)

• စာခပစတင သက၀ငသညႏစ - ၂၀၁၀ ျပညႏစ ေမလ

• အကး၀ငသည ကနစညမား - အေရးႀကးကနစညမားႏင ဖယထားကနစညမားမအပ

• အာဆယ (၆)ႏငင - ၂၀၁၀ ျပညႏစတြင ၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၁၅-၂၀၁၈ တြင ၀%

အာဆယ-တ႐တလြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈ သေဘာတစာခပ (ACFTA)

+

• စာခပစတင သက၀ငသညႏစ - ၂၀၀၅ခႏစ? ဇလငလ

• အကး၀ငသည ကနစညမား - ကနသြယမႈျပသည ကနစညမား၏ ၉၀%

• တ႐တႏငငႏင အာဆယ (၆)ႏငင - ၂၀၁၂ ျပညႏစတြင ၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၁၅ ၀%

• Early Harvest Programme - ၂၀၀၅-၂၀၁၀

(လယယာထြကကနႏင ေရထြကကန)

• အေရးႀကးကနစညမား - အာဆယ(၆) - ၂၀၁၈ တြင ၀%-၅%

CLMV - ၂၀၂၀ တြင ၀%-၅%

အာဆယ-ကရးယားလြတလပေသာကနသြယမႈ သေဘာတစာခပ (AKFTA)

+

• စာခပစတင သက၀ငသညႏစ - ၂၀၀၈

• အကး၀ငသည ကနစညမား - ကရးယား ၉၅% - အာဆယ ၆ - ၉၀%

• ကရးယားႏင အာဆယ ၆ - ၂၀၁၀ျပညႏစ - ၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၁၆-၂၀၁၈ - ၀%

• NT2 ပါကနစညမား - ကနစညအမယမား၏ ၅%

• ကရးယားႏငအာဆယ ၆ - ၂၀၁၂ - ၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၁၈-၂၀၂၀ - ၀%

အာဆယ - ဂပန ဘကစစးပြားေရး မတဖကေဆာငရြကမႈ (AJCEP)

+

• စာခပသက၀ငသညႏစ - ၂၀၀၈ ခႏစ

• အကး၀ငသညကနစညမား - သြငးကနမား၏ ၉၃ %

• ဂပနႏင အာဆယ ၆ - ၂၀၁၈ - ၀% (၂၀၁၀ - ၅%)

CLMV - ၂၀၂၃ - ၂၀၂၆ - ၀%

အာဆယ-အႏၵယလြတလပေသာကနသြယမႈေဒသ (AIFTA)

+

• စာခပသက၀ငသညႏစ - ၂၀၁၀ ျပညႏစ (ဖလစပင - ၂၀၁၁)

• NT1 ပါကနစညမား

India ႏင အာဆယ ၅ - ၂၀၁၃-၀%

ဖလစပင - ၂၀၁၆-၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၁၈-၀%

• NT2 ပါကနစညမား

India ႏင အာဆယ ၅ - ၂၀၁၇-၀%

ဖလစပင - ၂၀၁၉-၀%

CLMV - ၂၀၂၁-၀%

အာဆယ-ၾသစေၾတးလ-နယးဇလနလြတလပေသာ ကနသြယမႈ သေဘာတစာခပ (AANZFTA)

+ +

• စာခပစတငသက၀ငသညႏစ -၂၀၁၀ ျပညႏစ

• အကး၀ငသညကနစည - ကနစညလငးမား၏၉၅%

• Austrila + Newzeland ႏင ASEAN 5 - ၂၀၂၀ တြင ၀%

( Brunei + Malaysia + Thailand + Philippines + Vietnum )

• Cambodia + Lao + Myanmar + Indonesia - ၂၀၂၆ တြင ၀%

Lao - ၂၀၂၃ - ၈၈% ၏ ကနစည

Cambodia - ၂၀၂၄ - ၈၅% ၏ကနစည

Indonesia - ၂၀၂၅ - ၉၃% ၏ကနစည

Myanmar - ၂၀၂၆ - ၈၅% ၏ကနစည

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