aftab opel - faecal sludge management presentation

Faecal sludge management in Bangladesh an issue that needs urgent attention

Aftab Opel, M Khairul Bashar, M Feroze Ahmed

Asia regional sanitation and hygiene practitioners workshop

31 January – 2 February 2012

Dhaka, Bangladesh

WaterAid Conference Room

27 December 2010

Sanitation challenges

» Open defecation reduced to 4.4 % in 2010 which is a significant achievement

» Does it mean that the magnitude of the problem is also reduced?

The magnitude of the problem

2003 201105

101520253035404550

Open defecation

Sanitation challenges

» About 80,000 tons of sludge generated per day in the country

» About 24,000 tons of sludge generated per day in the urban areas of the country

» About 960 tons of sludge go to treatment plant in Dhaka

» What happens to the remaining volume?

70

26

4

Sludge generation/treat-

ment

Rural Urban Treatment

The magnitude of the problem

Sanitation challenges

» 1220 household interviewed in 3 cities

» Samples in Khulna and Faridpur were statistically representative for the cities

» Samples in Dhaka were not representative for the city

Methodology

Toilet type Access type

Dhaka Khulna Faridpur0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

VIP Pit Septic Tank OD

Dhaka Khulna Faridpur0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Community Shared Personal

Pit/tank emptying and transportation methods

Dhaka Khulna Faridpur0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Other

Mechan-ical

Manual

Destination of sludge

Dhaka Khulna Faridpur0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Open wa-terbody

Underground

Particular place

Open drain

Randomly

Frequency of emptying

Awareness of the consequences

Expenses of emptying Willingness to pay for improved service

» Manual US$12-US$17

» Mechanical US$ 17 – US$40 Dhaka Khulna Faridpur

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

No Yes

Demand estimation for on-site sanitation

Service coverage

Follow up activities

» An action research to find out possible ways forward (with funding from Simavi)

» We shall try out different models to make sludge into product over the next 2 years.

» We welcome your thoughts and ideas.

Acknowledgement

The research was funded and guided by

We acknowledge their support.