alcohol what governments and institutions do or dont do about alcohol and the conditions and...

Alcohol

“what governments and institutions do or don’t do about alcohol and the conditions and problems associated

with its misuse”

Definition of Alcohol Beverage

• a drink containing ethanol

• psychoactive drug

• depressant

The Prohibition: A Brief History

• enacted in the early 1900s in Canada.

• drinking establishments closed.

• These were seen as places of drunkenness and misery

• Repealed in 1920s• L.C.B.O

What does alcohol policy mean?

• control the supply and/or affect the demand

• education and treatment programs

• alcohol control and harm-reduction strategies.

• Serve the interests of public health and social well-being

The Key Players in Ontario

• Politicians and their Advisors

• Government Staff• Alcohol and Gaming

Commission of Ontario (ACGO)

• Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO)

• Alcohol producers, retailers, distributors, marketers and member of the hospitality industry

LCBO

• Importation

• Transportation

• Warehousing and sale

AGCO

• Enforces Liquor License Act (controls the sale, service, and consumption of alcohol)

Socio-Economic Status and Policy

• Many groups of people in terms of Socio-Economic Status

• Not one universal set of rules that can be applied to satisfy all the problems

• Higher Socio-Economic Status is associated with better health

Advertisement Policy

Advertisement

• 2003, 700,000 alcohol ads aired

• 400,000 airing in Ontario alone

• Only 390,000 Public Service announcements

• 1.8/1 Ad to PSA

• How can we let this happen?

• Characteristics• good looking partiers• Humour• sex appeal.

• Problem• Attractive to younger

generations as well

Why is this happening?

• Notice “Restrictions on advertising” category

• How many ‘Yes’ can you see?

• void in regulations

Consequences

Consequences

Morbidity, Health, and Social Problems from alcohol use

• 1 litre increase per capita alcohol consumption = 5.9 male and 1.9 female mortalities per 100 000 inhabitants

• Also, +1 litre = 17% in male and 13% female increase in total cirrhosis rate (chronic liver disease)

• 38.6% of fatal motor vehicle crashes were attributed to alcohol in 199

Groups at particular risk

• Women• Youth• Seniors• First Nations and Inuit

peoples • Driving-while-

impaired offenders• First Nations youths 2-

6 times greater risk

Money Money Money

Chart Information

• 14.6 billion

• 36.6% of total costs for substance abuse

• 7.1 billion due to productivity loss

• 2.3 billion for law enforcement

• 1.1 billion in direct costs

• 15% of Health Care budget due to Alcohol

Prevention

• MADD • support services to

victims• heighten awareness • save lives and prevent

injuries on the road.

• 2002, 53 million dollars spent by the government of Canada.

• 17.3 million for research

• 33.9 million for prevention programs

• 1.8 for salaries and operating funds

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Prevention Policies

• Zero Tolerance Policy

• Drinking Ages

• Breath Sampling

What to Consider

• Void in Advertisement Policy

• Approx. 11% of healthcare budget is spent

• Government Spent 53 million on prevention, is this enough?

Questions

• Should alcohol Producers be on the list of Key Players in making alcohol policy?

• Should the Drinking age in Ontario be raised?

• Why isn’t there strong regulations for advertisement?

References• Carpenter, C. “Did Ontario’s Zero Tolerance and Graduated Licensing Law Reduce Youth Drunk Driving?”,

Journal of Policy Analysis and Management• Fortin, R and Rempel B. “The Effectiveness of Regulating Alcohol Advertising: Policies and Public Health.”

Ontario Health Promotion E-Bulletin 16 Dec 05. http://www.ohpe.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7074&Itemid=78

• Benjamin T, Rehm, J, Patra J, Popova S, and Baliunas D. “Alcohol-attributable morbidity and resulting health care costs in Canada in 2002: recommendations for policy and prevention.” Journal of Studies on Alcohol Jan 07: pg 36(12)

• Rehm J, Ballunas D, Brochu S, Fischer B, Gnam W, Patra J, Popova S, Samocinska-Hart A, Taylor B. “The Costs of Substance Abuse in Canada 2002 Highlights.” Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse. http://www.ccsa.ca/NR/rdonlyres/18F3415E-2CAC-4D21-86E2-CEE549EC47A9/0/ccsa0113322006.pdf

• “Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy” The World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/en/Alcohol%20Policy%20Report.pdf

• “Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004: Part II: report by country profiles” The World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/en/canada.pdf

• “Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy” The World Health Organization http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_canada.pdf

• “Liquor Advertising Guidelines: Liquor Sales Licensees and Manufacturers” Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario August 2003. www.agco.on.ca/pdf/Non-Forms/3099B.pdf

• “Alcohol Licensing” AGCO: Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario www.agco.on.ca/en/b.alcohol.html

• “About the LCBO” LCBO: Liquor Control Board of Ontario www.lcbo.com/aboutlcbo/index.shtml