alternate fuels

ALTERNATIVE FUELS

Current IFTA Alternative Fuels• Gasohol• Ethanol• Methanol• Propane (LPG)• Compressed Natural Gas

(CNG)• Liquid Natural Gas (LNG)• A-55• E-85• M-85

E-85

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

ETH

ON

AL

GA

SOLI

NE

• ETHONAL

• GASOLINE

M-85

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

ME

THO

NA

L

GA

SOLI

NE

• METHONAL

• GASOLINE

A-55

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%N

APT

HA

WA

TER

BL

EN

DIN

G• Naptha• Water• Blending Agent

By Lubrizol Corporation

WATER

+

DIESEL

+

EMULSIFIER

PURINOX

=

EMULSIFIED DIESEL FUEL

BIO-DIESEL

CORN OIL

VEGETABLE OIL

GREASE

Mixed with lye to separate the esters

LIQUID NATURAL GAS• Lower cost to install

fueling facilities• LNG fuel tank

interchangeable with diesel fuel tank

• Higher cost per gallon

• LNG fuel tank and fuel is heavier

LNG TANK INSTALLED

• Lower cost per gallon• Lighter fuel tanks and fuel• Cost of installing fueling

facilities double that of an LNG facility• Fuel tanks are bulky and must

be protected, usually placed behind the cab of the truck

COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS

CNG TANKS ON VEHICLE

^CNG Tanks

VEHICLES

VEHICLE TYPES• DUAL FUEL

VEHICLES

• BI-FUEL VEHICLES

• HYBRID VEHICLES

DEFINITION• DUAL FUEL

Vehicles that can operate on two fuels simultaneously

• GENERALLYDiesel and CNG or LNG

• BI-FUELVehicles

that operate on two fuels individually

• GENERALLYGasoline

and LPG

• HYBRIDVehicles

operate on two fuels simultaneously or individually

• GENERALLYGasoline

and E-85 or M85

FUELS USED• Diesel Fuel Primary

fuel used to operate the engine

• LNG or CNGSecondary fuels introduced to reduce emissions. It can only be used in combination with diesel fuel

DIESELMANIFOLD

DUAL FUELMANIFOLD

FUEL SYSTEM• Starts and idles on diesel

• 160 degrees looks for alternative fuel.

• If alternative fuel is available the system begins injecting CNG or LNG

PERCENTAGE OF FUEL

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

IDLE AVG. PEAK

DIESELLNGCNG

START & IDLE100% DIESEL

AVERAGES20 % DIESEL80 % CNGOR LNG

PEAK6% DIESEL94% CNGOR LNG

CUSTOMER BASE

• Government entities• Private companies

with government contracts

• Private Companies interested in alternative fuel sources

INTRASTATE CARRIERS

Diesel FuelTax paid when fuel is purchased

LNG & CNGTax paid by carrier directlyto the Board on a return orby purchasing Flat RateStickers

DUAL FUEL & PTO

PTO VehiclesA customer base for dualfuel vehicles are wastedisposal companies. Thesevehicles operate PTO’s and claim refunds with the BOE

How do they claim refunds ?

INTERSTATE CARRIERS• Diesel Tax

paid at the pump in California

• LNG or CNG Tax paid to the BOE Cannot use California Flat Rate Sticker

• Tax Reporting Join IFTA or buy fuel trip permits

EXAMPLE OF DIESEL AND DUAL FUEL IFTA FLEET

• 10 Diesel vehicles• Travel 100,000 miles

a quarter between CA& NV

• 40% of those miles are in Nevada

• All fuel is purchased in California

• 10 Dual fuel vehicles• Travel 100,000 miles

a quarter between CA& NV

• 10% of those miles are in Nevada

• All fuel is purchased in California

How do they report?

COMBINED DIESEL SCHEDULE

DUAL FUEL CNG SCHEDULE

SPLIT FLEET REPORTING

• Carrier must file two IFTA Reports

• The IFTA account number is coded to identify the dual fuel fleet

• Report an accurate fleet MPG

DIESEL FLEET SCHEDULE

DUAL FUEL DIESEL SCHEDULE

DUAL FUEL CNG SCHEDULE

CHALLENGES OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS

• Accounting for each new fuel type

• Standardized measurement of the fuel

(Therm vs. PSI)• Tax on new fuel types • Combination of fuels being

used

The End