an ontology for subcellular localization
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An Ontology for Subcellular Localization
Iwei Yeh and Russ Altman
Stanford University
What is Subcellular Localization?
• Organelles
• Membranes
• Compartments
• Micro-environments
Why is Subcellular Localization Important?
• Function is dependent on context
• Localization is dynamic and changing
• Compartmentalization forms groups which allows for abstraction of concepts (i.e. mitochondria)
Specifying Subcellular Localization: Why is it difficult?
• Biological Context
• Hard to define boundaries
• Dynamic Systems
• Distributions of proteins
Assigning Subcellular Localization
• Direct assays: in situ hybridation
• High-throughput methods
• Prediction based on sequence: PSORT predicts proteins in mitochondria, nucleus, peroxisome, chloroplast, ER, vesicles
• Bayesian Methods
• Natural Language Processing
Gene OntologyCellular component contains organelles, membranes, cell regions, localized and unlocalized protein complexes
December 2001 53
Subcellular Localization Ontology
• Cellular Components can be instantiated
• Captures spatial relationships
• Maps to GO concepts
• Uses EcoCyc concepts: Macromolecule, Reaction, Pathway
Membranes
Spaces
Compartments/Organelles
Future Directions
• Qualitative modifiers: near the plasma membrane
• Temporal modeling: vesicle fusion, how do compartments communicate
• Instantiations of compartments with data from various sources (i.e. GO annotations)
Acknowledgements
• Peter Karp
• Hagai Ginsburg
• Burroughs-Wellcome
Thank you
yeh@smi.stanford.edu
GO in Protégé-2000 available at:
http://smi.stanford.edu/projects/helix/gokbms/
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