architecture in poland. pre-romanesque architecture the oldest pre-romanesque architectural...

Architecture in Poland

Pre-Romanesque Architecture

The oldest pre-Romanesque architectural monuments are

traces of X century discovered on a Salvator hill in Cracow, the

remnants of the rotunda of St. Felix on Wawel Hill, the ruins in Ostrów

Lednicki near Gniezno.

The ruins in Ostrów Lednicki near Gniezno

Salwator in Cracow

Romanesque architecture

Romanesque architecture spread in XI-XIII century.; preserved primarily religious monuments: churches and

monasteries in Kraków, Strzelno, Tum, Czerwiensk, Opatów.

Collegiate in Tum Saint Procop’s rotunda in Strzelno

Gothic architecture

At the beginning of the thirteenth century began to popularize the

Gothic architecture. Monuments of Gothic architecture include Cathedral in Wroclaw, Wawel Cathedral, town halls in Wroclaw and Torun, Artus

Court, the castle in Malbork.

Cathedral in Wrocław Artus's Court in Gdańsk

Renaissance architecture

Monuments of Renaissance architecture include Zygmunt's

Chapel, attics and arcade courtyards at Wawel, town halls in Poznan, Sandomierz, town houses

and defensive walls in Gdansk.

Defensive walls in Gdańsk

Zygmunt's Chapel on Wawel

Baroque architectureResidence of John III

Sobieski in Wilanów and Aula Leopoldina in Wroclaw are in the

style of Baroque architecture.

Residence of Jan III Sobieski in Wilanów

The Aula Leopoldina in Wrocław

Rococo architecturalRococo architecture monuments are

Saxon Gardens, Palace Brühl, rural manor houses, the facade of the

Belvedere Palace, the Grand Theatre in Warsaw and most of all tenement houses Krakow, Poznan, Gdansk,

Wroclaw.

Palace BrühlSaxon Gardens in Warsaw

The Grand Theatre in Warsaw

Modernist ArchitectureModernist

Architecture (30s XXcentury) use

decorations instead of appropriable

advantages (Palace of Culture and

Science, Constitution Square). Palace of Culture and

Science

Craft in Poland

CeramicsCeramics is one of the oldest handicrafts.

BlacksmithingBlacksmithing is profession that involves the creation of (forging), metal objects, eg. Kettles, horseshoes, nails, tools, weapons. The most common artistic blacksmith products are:- fences - balcony's railings,- window's bars,- gates and gate input, - other ornaments.

SaddlerSaddler is a craftsman who makes leather saddles for horses.

TailorTailor – craftsman who sews (by hand - needle or machine) women's men's and children's underwear and spring, autumn and winter clothing.

CarpenterCarpenter - it's a profession associated with the processing of wood. Carpenter makes the elements of construction or parts of equipment.

CooperageCooperage - department of craft dealing with the production of wooden crockery stave technique : barrels, vats, tubs, churns, bowl and blades for bread, watering can, buckets, bathtubs, mugs.

RooferRoofer - a craftsman dealing with repairing and overlaping roofs by roofing materials: shingles, metal roofing shingles.

CarpenterCarpenter -craftsman who makes wooden furniture and everyday objects. Carpenter should have manual dexterity. It must also be able to match the different types of wood, and firmly connect the elements with glue, nails and steel screws.

ShoemakerShoemaker – A craftsman who makes, designs and repairs footwear.