armenian national survey for seismic protection

Armenian National Survey for Armenian National Survey for Seismic ProtectionSeismic Protection

Earthquake Engineering CenterEarthquake Engineering Center

www.nssp-gov.am e-mail kh.zaven@nssp.gov-am zkhlghatyan@yahoo.com

Tasks ofEarthquake Engineering Center

1. Realization the Initiative and Strategy of Armenian NSSP in building and structure seismic protection (in the frame of State Complex Programs on Seismic risk reduction in the territory of Armenia and city of Yerevan).

2. Seismic risk evaluation and mapping for towns and settlements in Armenia.

3. Rapid damage estimation of structures and buildings in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.

4. Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines.

5. Elaboration, testing and implementation of techniques and procedures for reinforcement and retrofitting of existing buildings and structures.

6. Development of experimental models and research aiming at strengthening of buildings and structures.

7. Seismic monitoring of buildings and structures through installation and operation strong motion instruments.

8. Research on ground strong motion.

9. Development and implementation of Early Warning System.

Structure of Earthquake Engineering Center

1. Building and Structure Seismic Risk Evaluation Division

2. Critical Facilities Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Division

3. Experimental Research Division

4. Seismically Protective Constructive Systems and New Constructive Solution Division

5. Ground Strong Motion and Building Monitoring Division

Tasks of Building and Structure Seismic Risk Evaluation Division

– Data base creation for urban planning of towns and settlements using GIS technology

– Urban planning detailed mapping

– Estimation of facilities’ design seismic resistance

– Seismic risk evaluation for towns and settlements

– Seismic risk mapping for towns and settlements

– Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.

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SEISMIC ZONATION MAP

OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA

1 : 500000 SCALE

NSSP RA

º ðº ì ² Ü 1998

a = 0.5 g a = 0.4 g a = 0.3 g a = 0.2 g

LAKE SEVAN

A R M E N I A N N S S PÐÐ ê ä ² Ì

C O V E R N M E N T O F T H E R A

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Y E R E V A N 1 99 8 º ð º ì ² Ü

Geological map in Armenia

Distribution pattern for the seismic risk in Armenia

Seismic Risk in Yerevan City

Seismic Microzonation Map of Yerevan City

0.32g

0.40g

0.38g

SEISMIC RISK DISTRIBUTION

FOR YEREVAN CITY

HighModerateLow

1. Low-rise stone buildings (private)2. Mixed stone-complex construction

buildings3. Large panel buildings4. Frame panel buildings5. Buildings constructed with story

grown-up method6. Braced buildings

Map of the risk collapse for different construction type buildings in Yerevan city (design types 1,2,…, are indicated in percentage of total number of buildings in each square 1,2,…)

high risk (K>1.1)

moderate risk (1.05<K<1.1)

no risk practically (K<1.06)

Capital buildings 0.1g Capital buildings 0.2g Private buildings

Tasks of Critical Facilities Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Division

• Data base creation for most earthquake vulnerable buildings in towns and settlements

• Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines)

• Engineering research in construction aiming at compliance of new methodology and seismic building codes

• In situ estimation of expected ground maximum acceleration

• In situ estimation of ground and structure prevailing periods

• In situ creation of design accelerograms

• Definition of technical condition and actual seismic resistance for facilities, development of methods for vulnerability reduction

• Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake

• Building and structure behavior study in case of major earthquake

• Analysis of earthquake consequences

Borders of adjacent areas to Azat reservoirin case of possible flooding

         THE ESTIMATION OFBUILDING ’S VULNERABILITY

1. stone buildings (less than 5 story )

2. large-panel buildings (9 story )

3. frame-panel buildings (9 story )

4. frame and frame-braced (12-16 story )

5. constructed by floor-grade method (12-16 story)

6. new structural design (less than 9 story )

By the constructive decisions residential buildings in Armenia are divided into six categories

STONE BUILDINGS(less than 5 story )

30% of dwelling fund

High vulnerability

Strengthening required

Natural vibration of Stone (Mansory)

five-storied building Fourier spectra

The prevailing period in the transverse direction of the building is 0.38 sec. Obtained value is 1.36 times more than normative prevailing period. According to the Codes of Armenia such increase of the normative prevailing period corresponds to the third degree of damage, which requires Rehabilitation and reinforcement of the building.

LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS(9 story)

10% of dwelling fund

Low vulnerability

FRAME-PANEL BUILDINGS(9 story)

15% of dwelling fund

High vulnerability, 95 from 138 of 9-storey frame panel buildings of 111 series were totally collapsed in Gyumri

After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more

Strengthening required

FRAME AND FRAME-BRACED

(12-16 story)

15% of dwelling fund

Not existed in disaster zone

Low vulnerability

CONSTRUCTEDBY FLOOR-GRADE METHOD

(12-16 story)

Mostly in Yerevan-city 7% of dwelling fund

2 buildings collapsed in Gyumri

After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more.

Tasks of Seismically Protective Constructive Systems and New Constructive Solution Division

• Analysis of constructive solutions for existing buildings and development of new conceptual solutions for seismic resistance

• Analysis of constructive solutions for retrofitted buildings in disaster zone and development of new solutions

• Estimation of seismic loads for buildings and structures using accelerograms of real earthquakes

• Development and implementation of new technologies for strengthening of buildings and structures

• Development and implementation of damper equipment for building and structure seismic resistance increase

• Theoretical and practical research on shim-rubber isolation

• Monitoring of buildings using seismic protective systems

Model of 9-story frame building with “upper

flexible floor”

General view of a building with

“upper flexible floor”

Upper flexible floor on LRB

Using the seismic insulators for the buildings and constructions

Armenian International Airport.Armenian International Airport.Moment of Experiment of Lead Rubber Bearing Moment of Experiment of Lead Rubber Bearing (Kuala-Lumpur, Robinson Seismic Ltd)(Kuala-Lumpur, Robinson Seismic Ltd)

Building before restoration

Constructive solutions

Building after restoration

Tasks of ExperimentalResearch Division

– Development and implementation of new building strengthening technologies

– Development of experimental models and research aiming at strengthening of buildings and structures

– Experimental research on shim-rubber isolation

– Experimental selection of appropriate damper equipment for building and structure seismic resistance increase

– Testing of building materials and constructions

Testing of seismic insulators (vertical and horizontal deformation)

Model of Building with new Dynamic Damping

Dynamic Model of 12-storey Building (Scale 1:15) with

Dynamic Damping

View of Dynamic View of Dynamic Damping ModelDamping Model

Tasks of Ground Strong Motion and Building Monitoring Division

• Seismic Hazard Assessment of the Territory of Armenia

• Seismic Microzoning

• Earthquake Early Warning System Development

• Seismic Monitoring of Buildings and Structures

Armenian Strong Motion NetworkInstrument Locations

Existing free-field Swiss – SMACH (10)

American - SMA (16)Japanese - SMAC (2) USSR СРРЗ (6)

SAFER Cities American - SM 1 (40)

Earthquake parameters and peak ground accelerationsof all acceleration time histories recorded by Spitakarea strong motion stations

N Event Data Epicenter Depth,km

Mag Station km Peakacceleration,

cm/sec2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NS EW V1 Spitak area quake 26.06.90 40.88N 44.26E 10 2.2Ml Spitak-Karadzor 6 18 15 18

- - - Stepanavan 17 6 7 32 Spitak area quake 14.07.90 40.90N 44.20E 10 2.8Ml Spitak-Karadzor 12 12 13 83 Spitak area quake 15.12.90 40.86N 44.29E 10 3.3Ml Spitak-Karadzor 3 46 37 274 Spitak area quake 16.12.90 41.32N 43.81E 4 5.2Ml Akhalkalaki 28 33 15 12

Bogdanovka 19 38 41 58Bakuriani 53 41 42 12Bavra 22 81 117 67Vanadzor 82 7 8 4Gumri 58 7 9 10Spitak-Karadzor 68 14 12 11Stepanavan 61 23 18 9Toros 44 48 65 23

5 Spitak area quake 20.12.90 41.25N 43.85E 4 3.5Ml Bavra 15 6 6 46 Tbilisi area quake 23.12.90 40.90N 44.44E 10 4.1Ml Stepanavan 12 12 9 67 Spitak area quake 11.01.91 40.90N 44.33E 10 3.5Ml Spitak-Karadzor 6 111 141 1578 Spitak area quake 13.04.91 41.20N 43.75E 1 4.4mb Bavra 10 7 5 79 Dzhava-Racha quake 29.04.91 42.39N 43.67E 6 7.1Ms Akhalkalaki 110 11 7 6

Bogdanovka 125 8 8 6Bavra 142 9 11 6Toros 163 10 12 6Stepanavan 166 15 14 6Gumri 178 13 8 6

Earthquake Early Warning System around Yerevan City

The zones of the influence with intensity of 7 on Yerevan

Seismic Monitoring of Buildings (Fragment)