berachah bible institute hebrew grammar i

Berachah Bible InstituteHebrew

Grammar I

Chapter 6: Hebrew Prepositions

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

I run with him

Section 6.1 - Introduction

SubjectVerbPrepositionObject (of preposition)

Prepositional Phrase

Independent Clause

Predicate

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Just like English prepositions

• before the king.

Section 6.2 – Independent Prepositions

• %l,Mñ,h; ynEp.li

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Maqqef

Section 6.3 – Maqqef Prepositions

• Like our dash• One “speech unit”

Can’t use always in Hebrew • xB;îz>Mih; l[;Þ (2 Kgs 23:17)• laeÞr"f.yI-lK' la,î (Deut 27:9)• ‘^b.Wv) d[;Û (Gen 3:19)• But, -!mi always?

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.4 – Inseparable Prepositions

Reduced Initial Vowel?

YesNo

B.

Article?

No Yes

Bi

Simple?

MatchShortVowel

NoYesReplace

h with

B

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.5 – Form of !mi

• Maqqef Form is Easy. Just attach.

• Inseparable Form just like definite article Lene becomes forte Gutturals reject forte, length preceding vowel But, x sometimes (not always!) doesn’t cause lengthening

• Assimilation of n, an important concept We have it in English: One->An->A (before consontants) Will appear again in vowel patterns

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Comparative

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi

bh'Z"mi hm'k.x' hb'wOjGood (fs)Wisdom (fs)Gold (ms) is

Wisdom is good from goldWisdom is better than gold

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Comparative

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi

aWhh; rp,Señh;-!mi hZ<h; rp,Señh; bWj

good (ms)

the book (ms) is

This book is good from that bookThis book is better than that book

the this (ms)

the book (ms)

the that (ms)

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Comparative

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi

~yvin"a]h'me hd'wOb[]h'

hv'q' Hard (fs)the work (fs) is

The work is hard from the menThe work is too hard for the men

the men (mp)

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Superlative

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi

hd,F'h; tY:x; lKomi ~Wr['

clever (ms)all

Clever from every living thing of the field

More clever than every living thing of the field

The field (fs) living thing (ms)

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Partitive

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi

yriP.mi

from a fruit

some of the fruit [of the tree of the garden]

[!G"ßh;-#[e(]

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

Partitive

Section 6.6 – The use of !mi~yvin"a]h'me

from the mensome of the men

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object Marker

Definite Direct Object Marker

• Definite – Must be definite Have article Be a proper noun Have a possessive pronoun

• Direct Object – Receives action of verb Ben hit the ball `#r<a'(h' taeîw> ~yIm:ßV'h; taeî ~yhi_l{a/ ar"äB' tyviÞarEB.

• Marker – Simply points to it; no value

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object Markerrp,SeñB; ~yrib'D.h;-ta,

bt;K' he wrotethe wordsin the book

~yImñ;V'h; tae ~yhil{a/ ar'B'

he createdGodthe heavens

Can you find the definite article?

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object Marker

%l,M,ñl; rp,Señh;-ta, aybiN"h; !t;n"

he gavethe bookto the king

lwOdG"h; lk'yheh;-ta, %l,M,ñh; hn"B'

he builtthe kingthe temple (ms)

the prophet

the great (ms)

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object Marker

twOrwOTh;-ta,w> hw"c.Mih;-ta, %l,M,ñh;

rm;v'he observedthe commandment

ry[ih'-la, %a'l.M;h;-ta, aybiN"h; xl;v'

he sentthe messengerto

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object Marker

!t'n"wOhy>-ta, dwID' bh;a'

he lovedDavid~['l' wyt'wOrwOT-ta, %l,M,ñh; !t;n"he gavehis (3msx)to

Jonathan

How is this definite?Can you find the definite article?

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Grammar IHebrew PrepositionsSection 6.7 – Direct Object MarkerlwOdG" lk'yhe

%l,M,ñh; hn"B' he built

ry[iB' !joq' tyIB;ñ r[;N:òh; hn"B'

he builtSmall (ms)in

great

the young man

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Grammar IHebrew Prepositions

• Know the inseparable preposition chart

Section 6.8 - Summary

• Know the form and use of !mi• Know how the definite direct object marker is used. Be able to explain each part of its name.

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Grammar I

Reminder• Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz this week

• Don’t forget to be doing journal (turn in @ end)

• After chapter 5, you know 35% of all OT words

• After chapter 6, you will know 51% of all OT words

• Workbook says to use lexicon; use back of book

• Handing out midterm exam next week. Will cover grammar and vocabulary from chapters 1-6

• No class Oct 15 and Oct 22, but study!