biblissima: an observatory for the written cultural heritage of the middle ages and the renaissance

Biblissima(bénéficie(d’une(aide(de(l’Etat(gérée(par(l’ANR(au(8tre(du(programme(« Inves8ssements(d’avenir »,(portant(la(référence(ANR?11?EQPX?0007.!

(

An(Observatory(for(the(WriKen(Cultural(Heritage(of(the(Middle(Ages(and(the(Renaissance(((Arabic,(French,(Greek,(Hebrew,(La8n…)(

Anne-Marie Turcan-Verkerk Ecole pratique des hautes études, Paris

Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes Campus Condorcet

1 — Manuscript and incunabula digitization in French libraries

2 — What is Biblissima? 3 — Work done so far / Next steps

1 — Manuscript and incunabula digitization in French libraries

(at least) 4 types of libraries 2 ministries — Bibliothèque nationale de France — Public libraries (bibliothèques municipales, archives,

musées…) —> Ministère de la culture et de la communication — University libraries —> Ministère de l’éducation nationale, de l’enseignement

supérieur et de la recherche several sources of funding very diverse results…

Bibliothèque nationale de France

Bibliothèque nationale de France — an (enormous) budget for digitization — sponsorship (Total Foundation, Mellon

Foundation…) — Europe (Europeana Regia) — or by the “Investissement d’avenir” Programme

(like Biblissima)

Public libraries (bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…)

Public libraries (bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…) — a (very low) budget for digitization — sponsorship ? — digitization by IRHT [since 2008-9] : the BVMM

Public libraries (bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…) . . . — annual call “projets de numérisation” (Ministère de la culture)

[until 2013] — annual call “services culturels innovants” (Ministère de la culture)

[since 2014] — funding by cities, regions… — scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale de la

recherche) — the Biblissima “appels à manifestation d’intérêt”

[since 2013]

University libraries

University libraries — a (very low) budget for digitization — sponsorship ? — digitization by IRHT [2009-2010] : the BVMM — the “Bibliothèque scientifique numérique” (BSN)

[since 2013]

Since 2013 : annual call BSN 5 (2014 : € 650,000)

University libraries . . . . — scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale

de la recherche) — the Biblissima “appels à manifestation

d’intérêt” [since 2013]

Private libraries

Private libraries — self-financing — sponsorship ? — digitization by IRHT [2009-2010] : e.g. Musée Condé,

Chantilly, Institut de France — scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale

de la recherche) — the Biblissima “appels à manifestation

d’intérêt” [since 2013]

= time lost to look for money = heterogeneity of the results … a centralized State?

At the national level, 1 source of funding common to all the libraries and archives :

the Biblissima “appels à manifestation d’intérêt”

2 — What is Biblissima ? Or : how to manage the heterogeneity?

!!

Bibliotheca!bibliothecarum!novissima(((

transla8on:((

The(Library(of(Libraries(for(the(21st(Century((at(the(Campus(Condorcet(

(

The!observatory! focuses!on!documents!wri5en! in! the!main!languages! of! culture! in! Medieval! and! Renaissance! Europe!(Arabic,! French,!Greek,!Hebrew,! LaDn,!etc.)! and!contributes!to! a! be5er! understanding! of! the! circulaDon! of! texts,! the!evoluDon!of! libraries! and! the! transmission! of! knowledge! in!Europe!from!the!8th!to!18th!centuries.(

Partners:((–  Campus(Condorcet((project(lead)(–  Bibliothèque(na8onale(de(France(–  CESR,(Tours(–  CIHAM,(Lyon?Avignon(–  Ecole(des(chartes((CJM)(–  Ecole(pra8que(des(hautes(études((SAPRAT)(–  Ins8tut(de(recherche(et(d’histoire(des(textes(–  Centre(Michel(de(Bouärd(de(Caen((–  Pôle(document(numérique(de(la(MRSH(de(Caen(

•  7 years (2012-2019) •  € 7.1 M •  8-person technology / metadata team

coord. : Matthieu Bonicel (BnF) •  100 researchers •  Executive Committee

coord. : AMTV •  Scientific advisory board (

Interna8onal((support:(the(Scien8fic(Advisory(Board

((Biblissima:(a(growing(network((

((

about(70%(of(the(funding(is(for(data(sets((contents)(

(We!want!to!store,!create!and!expose!data!on!a!large!scale!!

and!at!different!levels!according!to!predefined!themaDc!fields!and!prioriDes

1.! Documentary! data! and! images! provide!starDng! points! for! research,! such! as! card!indexes!built!up!over!the!course!of!several!decades!and!the!databases!which!followed!them,! or! digiDzed! manuscripts! and! early!printed!sources.

2.! ScienDfic! data! created,! produced,! and/or!drawn!together!by!Biblissima.

3.!Digital!ediDons!of!ancient!texts,!directly!available! from! the! assembled! databases!and!repositories,!united!in!Biblissima!(e.!g.!MonUaucon,!Bibliotheca+bibliothecarum).

25%(of(the(funding((for(the(Observatory((tools)(

(We!want!to!create!a!system!

for!managing!and!analysing!historical!data:!the!full!range!of!scienDfic!tools!that!researchers!need!

1.!Interconnected!digital!image!repositories.

2.!Coordinated!sets!of!databases.

3.!UserZfriendly!digital!ediDon!tools!which!meet!diverse!and!mulDple!needs.

The(main(idea(is(to(connect(tools(in(an(open?access(network.

3 — How to ensure sustainability and interoperability of the Biblissima data sets? Work done so far / Next steps

current situation: a world of silos

Image(interoperability

3 major digital libraries

Gallica

BVMM BVH

(Régis Robineau, web coord.)

Star8ng(points Inventory(of(Biblissima’s(3(main(digital(image(repositories:(

o  Gallica!(BnF):!h5p://gallica.bnf.fr!o  BVMM!(IRHT):!h5p://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr!

o  BVH!(CESR):!h5p://www.bvh.univZtours.fr

Reviews(and(technical(tests:(o !!image!servers!o !!image!clients!and!viewers!

o !!IIIF/SharedCanvas!specificaDons

Star8ng(points

International Image Interoperabilty Framework

Work done so far Set(up(technology(stack(for(demo(purposes(

•  IIIF(image(server(up(and(running(

•  transforma8on(scripts(to(build(manifest(files(from(various(formats((EAD,(OAI,(TEI)(

•  Mirador(IIIF(viewer(demo:(demos.biblissima?condorcet.fr/mirador/

Mirador(demo(

Mirador(demo(

Mirador(demo(

Mirador(demo:((image(+(image

Mirador(demo:((image(+(text

Interna8onal(collabora8on •  ac8ve(collabora8on(with(the(Stanford(team(

o  contribuDons!to!Mirador!development!

•  ongoing(involvment(in(the(IIIF(community(o  feedback/discussion!on!the!current!specificaDons!

(contribuDons!to!API!updates)!o  definiDon!of!use!cases!to!be!implemented!

o  sharing!of!IIIF!uDliDes!

http://iiif.io/community.html!

ARTstor !Biblissima !Bodleian Libraries, Oxford University !British Library !Codices Electronici Sangallenses !Cornell University !DPLA !Europeana !Harvard University !Johns Hopkins University !Bibliothèque nationale de France!Nasjonalbiblioteket (National Library of Norway)!

National Library of Denmark !

National Library of New Zealand !National Library of Poland !National Library of Serbia !National Library of Wales !Princeton University Library !St. Louis University !Stanford University !TextGrid !Wellcome Trust !Yale University !

…

Next(steps •  define(workflows(to(implement(IIIF/SharedCanvas(on(

a(large(scale(among(Biblissima(partners(

•  relate(the(SharedCanvas(data(model(to(the(Biblissima(ontology(

•  expand/improve(documenta8on(website:(doc.biblissima?condorcet.fr/entrepots?dimages(

Thesaurus(and(Ontology(

over 50 databases and catalogues

Illuminations

Provenance

Authority files

Catalogues Bindings

(Stefanie Gehrke, data coord.)

Star8ng(Points((

Nearly(50(different(databases(

• (format:(SQL,(Access,(TEI,(EAD(

• (size:(from(16(works((Miroir(des(Classiques)(to(30,000(entries((Bibale)(

• (granularity:(Books(within(Books(vs.(Bibale(

• (content:(digital(edi8on,(manuscript(descrip8ons,(iconography,(bindings,(incunabla,(etc.(

Work(done(so(far(–(RDF(Framework

Close(reading(of(CIDOC?CRM(and(FRBRoo(((plus(mappings)((Mee8ng(with(experts(from(the(Scien8fic(Advisory(Board(((Paul(Bertrand,(Emmanuelle(Bermès,(Stéphane(Pouyllau)((Awareness(of(other(ontologies:(SAWS,(GeoNames,(CLAROS,(FOAF,(etc.(

Why(CIDOC?CRM(and(FRBRoo(?((=>(Biblissima(focuses(on(developments(or(changes(in(8me(and(space.(((=>(CIDOC?CRM(is(event?centric(

=>(FRBRoo(combines(the(CIDOC?CRM(approach(with(the(common(vocabulary(for(the(transmission(of(works((WEMI)(that(is(provided(by(the(FRBR(model(

Work(done(so(far(–(RDF(framework(

F28_Expression_CreaDon!

!!

E53_Place!

!!

F5_Item!

P4_carried_out_by!!

Place!2!

Place!1!

!!!R7B_has_example!

P4_has_Dme_span! P4_carried_out_by!!!

E39_Actor!

Actor!1!

Actor!2!

E52_Time_Span!

P7_took_place_at!

Focus:(History(of(the(transmission(of(texts(

F1_Work!!

R19_created_a_!realisaDon_of!

F2_Expression!

R17_created!

R4_carriers_!provided_by!

F3_ManifestaDon_Product_Type!

Classes(added(to(the(CIDOC?CRM • Bbissima_Collection • Bbissima_Ghost_Collection • Bbissima_Sceau • Bbissima_Folio • Bbissima_Reliure • Bbissima_Manuscrit • Bbissima_Manuscrit_Medieval • Bbissima_Membra_Disiecta • Bbissima_Composant • Bbissima_Oeuvre_Textuelle • Bbissima_Gravure • Bbissima_Cycle_Textuel • Bbissima_Explicit • Bbissima_Incipit • Bbissima_Rubrique • Bbissima_Legende

• Bbissima_Edition_Electronique • Bbissima_Inventaire • Bbissima_Manuscrit_Reconstruit • Bbissima_Numerisation • Bbissima_Production_Reliure • Bbissima_Production_Composant • Bbissima_Production_Manuscrit_Medieval • Bbissima_Redaction_Inventaire • Bbissima_Mecenat • Bbissima_Etablir_Notice • Bbissima_Changement_Reliure • Bbissima_Transfert_Vers_Collection • Bbissima_Dispersion_De_Collection • Bbissima_ Type_Usage_Manifestation_Singleton

• Bbissima_Copie • Bbissima_Manuscrit_Source

Work(in(progress:(Data(Alignment

Data(alignment(using(OpenRefine:!!

• !place!• !actor!• !work!• !descriptor!

—!CollaboraDon!with! the!Bibliothèque!naDonale!de!France! to! build! a! set! of! authority! files! (people,!insDtuDons,!texts)!with!ARK!idenDfiers!!!—!CollaboraDon!with!university!libraries!!—!IntegraDon!of!BnF!ids!in!VIAF!and!ISNI!databases!!

Authority(Files(

Thesaurus(and(Triplestore

Editing and publishing the thesaurus using GINCO

Installation (test) of Virtuoso and 4store Work on sample data coming from different databases concerning one work

Next(step!!!

Working!together!!

—!by!developing!other!fields!(e.g.!for!the!descripDon!of!early!printed!books)!!—!by!developing!mulDlingual!thesauri:!internaDonal!interoperability!ab+ovo!

!

Quality(of(the(data(and(training(

TEI editions and tool for researchers

OpenSource XML Editor

Production environment

Publishing toolkit

E-learning tutorials

(Pierre-Yves Buard, Caen [digital edition], Bénédicte Giffard & Elizabeth MacDonald [toolkit])

How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZterm!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!Observatory?!!Through!training,!on!all!levels:

1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!environment:!summer(schools

(2013:(Chartres((Recons3tuer!les!bibliothèques!de!Saint8Père!et!de!la!cathédrale

a(summer(school(every(year(

(2014:(Troyes((Recons3tuer!la!bibliothèque!de!Clairvaux

a(summer(school(every(year(

((2015:(Saint?Omer((Boulogne?sur?Mer((Recons3tuer!la!bibliothèque!de!Saint8Ber3n((

a(summer(school(every(year(

and(a(collabora8on(IRHT(?(Biblissima!Training(school,(31(March(?(4(April(2014

How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZterm!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!Observatory?!!Through!training,!on!all!levels:

1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!environment:!summer(schools((2013(Chartres(?(2014(Troyes)

2.!(online)!training!in!classics!(ancient!languages,!scholarly!methods,!help!with!cataloguing)!and!digital!humaniDes!:!“the(Biblissima(toolkit”

XML(Editor!!!—!A!scholarZfriendly!soluDon!(LTR!and!RTL):!XXE!(Caen)!!!—!Perhaps!a!common!tool!for!BUs,!BMs!and!the!BnF:!can!we!make!interoperable!catalogues!a+priori?!!!

How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZterm!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!Observatory?!!Through!training,!on!all!levels:

1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!environment:!summer(schools((2013(Chartres(?(2014(Troyes)

2.!(online)!training!in!classics!(ancient!languages,!scholarly!methods,!help!with!cataloguing)!and!digital!humaniDes!:!“the(Biblissima(toolkit”

3.!diffusion!and!promoDon!for!an!audience!of!all!ages!and!levels:!calls(for(projects

a(call(for(projects(every(year((!  €(200,000(/(year(!  about(6(projects(funded(by(

Biblissima(every(year(((€(15,000(—>(€(60,000(/(project)(

Selected(projects(for(2013(and(2014!

e.g. the Medieval Manuscripts of Chartres (2013-2014)

La Boétie and Montaigne: Private Libraries in Aquitaine (2013)

Mazarin's Library Online (2013-2014)

Current work

!  Graphical work on all websites, to be published end of 2014, early 2015 !  Publication of the ontology !  Work on a prototype to map content of 2 illumination databases (Mandragore & Initiale) with specific data manipulation softwares !  Implementation of IIIF at BnF and IRHT

The scope:

anne?marie.turcan@irht.cnrs.fr((maKhieu.bonicel@biblissima?condorcet.fr((regis.robineau@biblissima?condorcet.fr(((stefanie.gehrke@biblissima?condorcet.fr((elizabeth.macdonald@biblissima?condorcet.fr

Thank!you!!