bim fundamentals - unit 2
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This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended
recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibi ted.
Specialist Diploma inBuilding Information Modeling (BIM)
BIM Fundamentals
BM3801
Lecture 2
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BIM Concepts & Basics Model Development & Project Phases
Uses of models, Quality & Management
Collaboration & Coordination, Software & Tools BIM in the Real World
BIM Fundamentals Summary
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Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models
Design, Documentation, Construction,Coordination
Modeling & Project Phases
Level of Development (LOD) & ObjectData Level
Model Development & Project Phases
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Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models
Design, Documentation, Construction,Coordination
Modeling & Project Phases
Level of Development (LOD) & ObjectData Level
Model Development & Project Phases
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Models are created for a wide range ofpurposes, where for in-house use or forcoordination and contract purposes. This rangeincludes:
Visualisation, communication and coordination
Data extraction
Document production
Simulation and analysis Significant impact upon content and detail of objects
in model
Uses of Models
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Types of Models
Not all models are created equal.
Design Modeling
Documentation Modeling
Construction Modeling
Coordination Modeling
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Design Modeling
Establish Design Intent
Architects
Emphasis on visualization rather than
accuracy Engineers
Used in Analysis
Not particularly useful for collaboration &coordination
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Design Modeling
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Design Modeling
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Design Modeling
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Design Modeling
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Documentation Modeling
3d model developed expressly for purpose of2d documentation
Essence of what Revit does
Process can involve migration of DesignModel from 3d program to 2d drafting platform
Model should be accurate
Project coordinates & Element sizes
Appropriate for sharing in a collaborativecoordination environment
Can be an essential tool for complex building12
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Documentation Modeling
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Documentation Modeling
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Construction Modeling
Accuracy is PARAMOUNT
Model intended for use in construction &fabrication
Generating 2d drawings is not a key priority, Model can be used to generate shop drawings
Fundamental difference in HOWand WHY
the model is created
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Construction v. Design Model
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Wall Modeled as asingle element
Column Modeled asa single element
Slabs cut-off at wall
Built in response tohow architects thinkabout Design
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Construction v. Design Model
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Wall Modeled byfloor level/as built
Column Modeled byfloor level/as built
Slabs support walls
Built in response tohow the structure isintended to beconstructed
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Coordination Modeling
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An Activity based upon previously createdmodels
Either Documentation Models or ConstructionModels can be used.
Created by Architects or Engineers or Buildersor Trades
Discipline v. Aggregate Model
Discipline is specific, Aggregate is combined For use in
clash detection, data extraction, programcheck, timeline simulation, etc.
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Coordination Modeling
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Coordination Modeling
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Coordination Modeling
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The point
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Not everybodys model is the same.
What matters is keeping the GEOMETRYconsistent.
Tracking design development and change isthe true challenge of BIM
Understanding what you are doing in thebeginning will guide you in selecting software,knowing how long it will take and howdetailed of a model you need
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You cant just make the soup right, you have to
also be sure you are making the right soup!
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Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models
Design, Documentation, Construction,Coordination
Modeling & Project Phases
Level of Development (LOD) & ObjectData Level
Model Development & Project Phases
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Building Design Process and BIM ModelDevelopment process are linked
This link is built upon the Level of Development(LOD) concept
Modeling & Project Phases
Design & Build Process
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3. Modeling Development Project Phases
Model development phases can be split into thefollowing phases:
Briefing / Pre-design
Conceptual design
Schematic Design
Developed design
Contract Documents
Construction Post Construction / Facilities Management
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Denmark Standards Singapore Submission Process
0 Site/Inventory BIM
1 Space BIM Provisional Permission (PP)
2 Sketch Design BIM Provisional Permission (PP) /
Written Permission (WP)
3 Developed Design BIM Written Permission (WP) / Building Plan (BP)
4 Tender BIM Building Plan (BP)
5 Construction BIM Building Plan (BP)
6 FM BIM Completion of Statutory Clearance (CSC)
Project Phases
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International efforts to define projectstages/phases to assist industry standards fordigital exchanges have been based on the workof Salford University in their Process Protocol.
It has been used to describe the building lifecycle ISO-Standard: 11 project Phases inProject Life Cycle, Process Protocol in Draft ISOStandard
(Salford University www.processprotocol.org)
Project Phases & ISO
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W ISO 15686-10:2010(E) Table 1-Phases andstages of the whole life of a building or building-related facility
Portfolio management
Portfolio operations
0.1 Portfolio strategy0.2 Portfolio requirements
0.3 Portfolio initiation
Project Phases & ISO
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Pre-project stages1 Conception of need
2 Feasibility
3.1 Authorization
3.2 First procurement
Project Phases & ISO
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Project delivery 4 Initial or outline conceptual design
5 Preliminary design
6.1 Detailed (coordinated) design
6.2 Construction procurement
7 Production Information
8.1 Construction
8.2 Commissioning
Project Phases & ISO
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Property management 9.1 Asset operations
9.2 Maintenance and condition management
9.3 Occupants facility management
9.4 Refurbishment, adaptation, alteration, changeof use
9.5 Change of functional use by occupant
Project Phases & ISO
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Disposal Status change
10.1 Disposal preparation
10.2 Transfer
10.3 Reinstatement
End of life
10.4 Decommissioning
10.5 Deconstruction
10.6 Recycling
10.7 Demolition
Project Phases & ISO
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WOverall Enterprise
Asset, Property andFacility Management
Information Base
of Shared Data
and Support Data
(BIM or Building
Information Model)
Based in part onDana K. Smith diagram for FIC of NIBS, 2000
DemandPortfolio Management
Project Delivery
1.0 Conception of Need
2.0 Outline Feasibility
3.0 SubstantiveFeasibility
4.0 Initial or OutlineConceptual Design
5.0 Full ConceptualDesign
6.1 Detailed(Coordinated) Design
6.2 Procurement
7.0 ProductionInformation
8.1 Construction
8.2 Commissioning
0.3 ProjectInitiation
9.1 InformationModel (BIM)
9.4 Occupants FacilityAdministration
9.2 Operations
9.6 Change of FunctionalUse by Occupant
10.5 Reinstate
0.1 Owners Portfolio Requirements
0.2 Clients Requirements
9.3 Maintenanceand ConditionManagement
9.5 Refurbishment,Adaptation, Alteration,Change of Use
2000, 2001, 2008 International Centre for FacilitiesDiagram by Franoise Szigeti and Gerald Davis
10.4 Transfer
10.3 Deconstruct
10.2 Decommission
10.1 DisposalPreparation
Occupancy and Use
Project Phases & ISO
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You will never think about it in your work again.
But the concept is very important:
The Truth About ISO
As the building design process
progresses, the information in a
BIM model changes to addresschanging needs.
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Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models
Design, Documentation, Construction,Coordination
Modeling & Project Phases
Level of Development (LOD) & ObjectData Level
Model Development & Project Phases
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Detail levels is a useful concept for obtainingagreement about content of objects at differentstages.
This will be necessary when defining the extentof information required at formal exchanges.
What is Object Content Material, Size, Amount of detail related to
parametric information
Object Data Level
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Level A or 100
- Strategy and performance criteria based on volumesand areas
- Planning activities, concept development
- Non-geometric, briefing data or line work, areas,volumes zones etc.
- Block model
- Conceptual cost allowance (e.g. $ per m2 of floor
area, $ per hospital bed, $ per parking space) - Total project construction duration or phasing of
major elements
- Environmental requirements
Object Data Level
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Level B or 200 - Generic objects in visualisation/concept models to
allow for digital prototyping
- Generic elements shown in three dimensions with
maximum size, and assumed system types - Preliminary time scale ordered for appearance of
major activities
- Estimated cost based on measurement of generic
element (e.g. generic interior walls or doors) - Specific room requirements can be attached
- Approximate quantities of materials for preliminaryenvironmental analysis
Object Data Level
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Level C or 300 - Specific objects in detailed model, engineering design for digital
prototyping
- Specific elements confirmed 3D object geometry, dimensions,materials, capacities, connections
- Time-scaled, ordered appearance of detailed assembliesEstimated cost based on measurement of specific assembly(e.g. specific wall type: 70 interior steel studs with 10 paintedplasterboard both sides)
- Precise quantities of materials with percentages of
recycled/locally purchased materials - Accurate analyses and simulations based on specific building
assemblies and engineered systems for engineeringcalculations, visualisation clash detection, constructionsequencing, cost planning and estimating
Object Data Level
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Level D or 400 - Detailed objects in production model for shop
drawing/fabrication for purchase, manufacture,installation, specified fabrication and assembly
detail including construction means and methods(cranes, man-lifts, shoring etc.)
- Specific manufacturer selections
- Precise analyses and simulations based on
specific manufacturer and detailed systemcomponents, committed purchase price ofspecific assembly
- Manufacturing logistics procurement
Object Data Level
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Level E or 500 - As-built objects for operation and FM, actual
record costs, purchase documentation
- Commissioning and recording of measured
performance - Maintenance and operation requirements
- These object detail levels may correspondclosely with model development levels intraditional practice, but should be varied to suit
alternative project delivery methods
Object Data Level
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Singapore Standard is based upon theseideas
Object Data Level
USA
AIABIM Level of Detail AustralianObject Data Levels
100 Conceptual A Volume & Area
200 Approx. Geometry B Generic ObjectElements
300 Precise Geometry C Specific Elements
400 Fabrication D Detail Objects
500 As-Built E As-Built Object
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Why is this important?
Effort required
Staffing needs
Scope of work
Payment Schedule
Managing Design Change
Choosing Software
?
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Why is this dangerous
People get caught up in this and take theireyes of whats important in the project:design, collaboration and how we are goingto get this done!
Beware the subjective nature of LOD! Enduring differences between the needs of
Architect, QS, Engineer and Builder can
make this a pit of quicksand http://www.architecture-
tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.html
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http://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.htmlhttp://www.architecture-tech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.html -
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Guess That LOD!!!!
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G O
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Guess That LOD!!!!
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G Th LOD!!!!
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Guess That LOD!!!!
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G Th t LOD!!!!
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Guess That LOD!!!!
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Th St
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The Star
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Th St
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The Star
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Th St
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The Star
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Th St
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The Star
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Th St
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The Star
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Th St
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The Star
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Th P i t
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The Point.
Development does NOT equal Detail!
This concept refers to accuracy and the amount of
information which is both possible and reasonable fora model to reflect at any given stage of the design
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As the building design process progresses,the information in a BIM model changes to
address changing needs.
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