biomems, bio-nanotechnology, and agricultural research michael r. ladisch, rashid bashir, arun...
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BioMEMS, Bio-Nanotechnology, BioMEMS, Bio-Nanotechnology, and Agricultural Researchand Agricultural Research
Michael R. Ladisch, Rashid Bashir, Arun BhuniaMichael R. Ladisch, Rashid Bashir, Arun Bhunia
Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering,Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering,
Departments of ABE, ECE, BME and Food ScienceDepartments of ABE, ECE, BME and Food Science
Schools of Agriculture and EngineeringSchools of Agriculture and Engineering
Purdue UniversityPurdue University
Multi-disciplinaryMulti-disciplinary
Engineering
Medicine
Agriculture
Science
BiotechnologyBiotechnology
Nanoscience and NanotechnologyNanoscience and Nanotechnology
Nanoscience:Nanoscience:Fabrication, study and modeling of devices Fabrication, study and modeling of devices and and structures where at least one dimension is 200 structures where at least one dimension is 200
nm nm or smaller.or smaller.Nanotechnology:Nanotechnology:
Enables devices that are compact, portable, Enables devices that are compact, portable, energy efficient, integrate sensing, and carry energy efficient, integrate sensing, and carry out out complex functions of a full-scale laboratory complex functions of a full-scale laboratory BioMEMSBioMEMS
Bio electromechanical systemsBio electromechanical systems
NanotechnologyNanotechnology
Human HairHuman Hair 75 µm75 µm
Feature Size Feature Size
10nm10nm
100nm100nm
1µm1µm
10µm10µm
1nm1nm
0.1nm0.1nm
100µm100µm
Nanotechnology: Size and ScaleNanotechnology: Size and Scale
Plant and Animal CellsPlant and Animal Cells
Most BacteriaMost Bacteria
TransistorTransistor
0.18µm0.18µm
VirusVirus
ProteinsProteins
LysozymeLysozyme
Carbon Carbon Nano-tubesNano-tubes
AtomsAtomsCooper, 2001Cooper, 2001
Per
form
ance
Per
form
ance
TimeTime19001900 19501950 20002000 20502050
Evolution of TechnologiesEvolution of Technologies
Vacuum TubeVacuum TubeTechnologyTechnology
RadioRadio
RadarRadar
TelevisionTelevision
SemiconductorSemiconductorTechnologyTechnology
TransistorTransistorRadioRadio
ComputersComputers
CellCellPhonesPhones The InternetThe Internet
NanotechnologyNanotechnology
““Wearable” WirelessWearable” Wireless
Internet AppliancesInternet Appliances
Molecular ElectronicsMolecular Electronics
Nano-RobotsNano-Robots
Cooper, 2001Cooper, 2001
Branches of NanotechnologyBranches of Nanotechnology
Electronic NanotechnologyElectronic Nanotechnology
Micro-MechanicalMicro-Mechanical
Systems (MEMS)Systems (MEMS)
MicrofluidicsMicrofluidics
& Bio-Chips& Bio-Chips
Biochip: Biochip: Smaller than a Postage stampSmaller than a Postage stamp
Glass cover
In/Out ports
Channels/Wells
Epoxy adhesive
Pin
sealed channels and wells sealed channels and wells (volume of 1 to 10 nL/well)(volume of 1 to 10 nL/well)
electrodes for detectionelectrodes for detection
connecting padsconnecting pads
fluidic I/O portsfluidic I/O ports
10 mm
Bashir et al.
Role of BiotechnologyRole of Biotechnology
ProvidesProvides
BioreceptorsBioreceptors
Biomarkers (targets)Biomarkers (targets)
Knowledge of mechanismsKnowledge of mechanisms
Interfaces macro- and nano-worldsInterfaces macro- and nano-worlds
Templates for design of small devicesTemplates for design of small devices
DNA mRNA ProteinDNA mRNA Protein
Information
Information
Polymer of Polymer of Amino AcidsAmino Acids
Component for MachineComponent for Machine
Assembly Point Disbands
Opportunities for ResearchOpportunities for Research
Design and Assemble Technology PlatformDesign and Assemble Technology Platform
Chips Chips
ReceptorsReceptors
Bioseparations Bioseparations
Signal TransductionSignal Transduction
Interface Hardware and SoftwareInterface Hardware and Software
Component Assembly and Packaging Component Assembly and Packaging
Technology IssuesTechnology Issues
We must know:We must know:
Target molecule and its receptorTarget molecule and its receptor
Threshhold for detection (sensitivity)Threshhold for detection (sensitivity)
We must achieve: We must achieve:
Rapid sampling and conditioning Rapid sampling and conditioning
Specificity for target over biomoleculesSpecificity for target over biomolecules
High signal to noiseHigh signal to noise
The VisionThe VisionDetect Gene Expression ProductsDetect Gene Expression Products
ApplicationsApplicationsFood, AgricultureFood, AgricultureBiosecurityBiosecurityAnimal HealthAnimal HealthMedicineMedicine
Research, Industry, Hospital, HomeResearch, Industry, Hospital, Home
Applications in Agriculture Applications in Agriculture For For Example-Example-What is the cost of undetected pathogens?What is the cost of undetected pathogens?
Food ProductsFood Products
$13.1 billion in soda pop$13.1 billion in soda pop
7.5 billion in breakfast cereals7.5 billion in breakfast cereals
60.0 billion in fresh meats60.0 billion in fresh meats
Branded meats, precooked products, Branded meats, precooked products,
micro-waveable red meatsmicro-waveable red meats
Livestock, poultryLivestock, poultry
Sales figures from Kilman, Wall Street Journal, Feb 20, 2002Sales figures from Kilman, Wall Street Journal, Feb 20, 2002
BioMEMS - Devices and SystemsBioMEMS - Devices and Systems
PacemakerPacemaker
Drug Delivery
Polymers
OrgansOrgans
Biochips
Organic/BiologicalInorganic
Nano-bio
Combine micro and nano devices with biologyCombine micro and nano devices with biologyat the molecular levelat the molecular level
Implanted Diagnostic and Therapeutic DevicesImplanted Diagnostic and Therapeutic Devices
Bottom
s-Up
Tissues
Drug Delivery
ImplantsImplants
Specific Objectives of National Specific Objectives of National Research ProgramResearch Program
1. Identify systems unique to agriculture1. Identify systems unique to agriculture
(cell membranes, starches, cellulose, oils)(cell membranes, starches, cellulose, oils)
2. Study biology of self-assembly processes2. Study biology of self-assembly processes
3. Apply to design, fabrication of BioMEMS3. Apply to design, fabrication of BioMEMS
a. Tubesa. Tubes
b. Channelsb. Channels
c. Surfacesc. Surfaces
Case studies must be agriculturally relatedCase studies must be agriculturally related
Potential Outcomes and ImpactsPotential Outcomes and Impacts
1.1. Bio-inspired design of inorganic devicesBio-inspired design of inorganic devices
2.2. Methods for mass-producing components for Methods for mass-producing components for BioMEMS through agricultureBioMEMS through agriculture
a. A new fiber (cotton?) industrya. A new fiber (cotton?) industry
b. Self assembling oilsb. Self assembling oils
c. Bio-based materialsc. Bio-based materials
3. Sampling methods and detection of pathogens3. Sampling methods and detection of pathogens
Research Budget EstimateResearch Budget Estimate
1.1. Bio-inspired assembly processesBio-inspired assembly processes
$ 1 million / year$ 1 million / year
2.2. Methods for assembling nano-components Methods for assembling nano-components into micro-devices $1 million /yearinto micro-devices $1 million /year
3.3. Applications testing in the fieldApplications testing in the field
$ 1 million / year$ 1 million / year
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