blood transfusion 2

Noha M. El Husseiny, MD Clinical Haematology Unit

Cairo University

Red blood cell transfusionWhole blood450ml contains adequate coagulation

factors but less platelets.Rarely used nowadays.

Fresh Frozen PlasmaPreparation from whole blood separated and

frozen within 8 hours can be kept up to one year.

Volume 200 ml bloodTo increase factor by 20%need 10-20 ml/kgProperties Expire in 24h after thawing

however thawed plasma can be relabelled and used within five days in TTP.

Cryoprecipitate

CryoprecipitateThe insoluble part of plasma when thawed

to 4 C10-20 mlProperties rich in factor VIII, fibrinogen,

factor XIII and VWF (variable concentrate)Correction of hypofibrinogenemia (need 8-

10 units) if fibrinogen 50-100mg/ L

Factor concentratesRecombinant factor VIIIRecombinant factor VIIFactor IX concentratesVWF concentrate

Packed red blood cellPreparation are separated from whole

blood by centrifugation. Unit is 200ml. Increase HB 1-2 g/ml

Indications: transfusion if HB less than 6g/dl

Stored up to 6 weeks.

Warming of blood components

Leuko-reduced packed RBCs Contain less than 107 leukocytes per

unit.Used to reduce CMV infection, HLA

immunization, Febrile reaction and platelet transfusion refractoriness.

Leukoreduced gamma irradiated PRBCs For patients in transplants

Washed RBCs using saline to reduce allergic reaction.

Frozen RBCs: Add glycerol and freeze RBCs within 6 days of collection used in preserving rare groups for long time than 42 days.

Platelet preparation

Platelet transfusionPreparation may be separated from

whole blood or collected by apharesis. Stable for 72 HIndications: Thrombocytopenia.Contraindications TTP, HIT

ImmunoglobulinsPreparation by cold ethanol fractionation

of large pool of plasma followed by viral inactivation.

Uses treatment of ITP, Guillian Barre syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, replacement in immunodeficiency syndrome.

Blood Group

Antigens Antibodies

Can give blood to

Can receive blood from

AB

A

B

O

Blood Group

Antigens Antibodies

Can give blood to

Can receive blood from

AB A and B None AB AB, A, B, O

A A B A and AB A and O

B B A B and AB B and O

O None A and B AB, A, B, O

O

Plasma pharesisMethodsIndications1- TTP2-Cryoglobulinemia3- Cutaneous T cell lymphoma4-Guillian Barre syndrome5-Hyperviscosity syndrome in monoclonal gammopathy6-leukostasis7-Myasthenia gravis8- familial hypercholestrolemia9-Goodpasture syndrome

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