bones of the foot and ankle

BONES OF THE FOOT

AND ANKLE

14 PhalangesDistal, middle and proximal phalanges

toes(2-5)Great toe (1)

Only has Proximal and

Distal phalanges

234

5

1

Great toe• On the plantar (bottom) surface of

the great toe there are sesamoid bones

Phalanges• Each phalanx is the size it

needs to be for weight bearing purposes.

• Which is the smallest?• Largest?

Metatarsals• There are 5 metatarsals in the foot

• 1,2,3,4,51

2

3

4 5

Head and base• Each bone has a Head and a base.

The head is the superior aspect of the bone and the base in the inferior aspect of the bone in

this picture. Head

Base

The Base of the 5th metatarsalis called Styloid process

Athletic trainers are concerned about this when taping an ankle.

3 Cuneiforms 1,2,3

Cuboid

Navicular

Talus

Calcaneus- thickest ankle bone

There are 7 Tarsals Bones• 3 Cuneiforms 1,2,3

• Cuboid-connected to 2 metatarsal

• Navicular-connected to 3 cuneiforms

• Talus-must PF the ankle to be able to palpate it.• Calcaneus-responsible for heel strike

TibiaLocated on the

medial side of the lower leg.

**Femur rests on HEAD of the tibia

Medial malleolus-BASE of the tibia

Medial malleolus

Tibia continued• The top of tibia has

medial and lateral epicondyles

• Tibial tuberosity-bump on superior middle aspect of tibia. The patellar tendon attaches to it.

Osgood schlatters

• A condition where the patellar tendon pulls on tibial tuberosity causing a bump in the lower leg.

Severe Osgood Schlatters

Fibula• Located on

the lateral side of the lower leg

• Lateral malleolus-BASE of the fibula

Common peroneal nerve• Wraps around

the head of the fibula.

• *MUST USE CAUTION WHEN ICING

THICKEST BONE IN BODY

Rests on the tibia.

FEMUR

Parts of femurHead-attaches to hipNeckGreater TrochanterLesser TrochanterShaftMedial EpicondyleLateral Epicondyle

Patella• Free floating

bone located in the middle of the knee

• Patellar tendon and quadriceps muscle attach to it.

Knee video• Medial and

Lateral Meniscus

• Anterior Cruciate ligament

• Posterior Cruciate ligament