boost innovation and creativity using diversity: insights from a top innovative country
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Laurent Miéville
Director of Technology Transfer & Past President
University of Geneva Association of European Science
Technology Transfer Professionals
Boost Innovation using Diversity:Insights from a top innovative country
Back End of Innovation Conference Boston, Oct 10th, 2012
and Creativity
Plan of the Presentation
Why Innovation and Creativity matter
Proximity & Diversity as key drivers for creative collaboration
How Switzerland uses proximity and diversity to boost its
innovation capacity
Specific Examples
Discussion & lessons learned
Conclusion
Factor-DrivenEconomy
Investment-DrivenEconomy
Innovation-DrivenEconomy
Factor-DrivenEconomy
•Cheap labor / naturalressources
Investment-Driven Economy
•Start of University-Industry research collaboration
•Companies can absorb best available foreign technologies
Innovation-DrivenEconomy
•Supply of scientists and engineers
•Quality of research
•University-Industry research collaboration
•VCs
• Intense local competition
•Ability to innovate at world’s technology frontiers
•Create unique product designs
•Sell products and services globally
Source: Porter, M. 2002 Global Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum, Geneva
We are in an Innovation-Driven Economy
Problems are getting harder…..
Functions are becoming increasingly specialized
But
Most promising ideas lie at the intersections of disciplines
Collaboration is key
Work Together or Fail Alone
19,9 million peer-reviewed academic papers & 2.1 million patents
over five decades:
• Level of teamwork has increased in >95% of scientific subfields
• Average team size has increased about 20% each decade
• Multiple authors receive >2x as many citations than individuals
• Top papers > 6x more likely to come from a team
Source: Wuchty, Stefan, Benjamin F Jones and Brian Uzzi. 2007.
The Increasing Dominance of Teams in the Production of Knowledge. Science. 316(5827): 1036-1039.
Work Together or Fail Alone
• Debate in a group generates more
creativity
• Being exposed to different views
expands our creative potential
Source: Nemeth, C.J. and Nemeth-Brown, Better than Individuals? The potential benefits of dissent and diversity for group creativity
In P. Paulus and B. Nijstad (eds) Group Creativity. Oxford: Oxford University Press (2003).
Why diversity is so important ?
We reassess our initial assumptions and try out new perspectives
Promote cross-collaboration….
…..through researchers proximity
Research Collaborative Ctr
Rockefeller University
Regeneration Medicine Lab, UCSFInterdisciplinary Science Building
Columbia University
See for example: Lee K, Brownstein JS, Mills RG, Kohane IS (2010) Does Collocation Inform the Impact of Collaboration?
PLoS ONE 5(12): e14279. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014279
Swiss Innovation Rankings
0,755
0,724
0,700
0,691
0,621
0,620
0,603
0,596
0,595
0,595
0,582
Switzerland
Sweden
Denmark
Germany
Finland
Belgium
UK
Iceland
Netherlands
Austria
Luxembourg
Ireland
EU Summary Innovation Index
Source: European Innovation Scoreboard, 2011
100,0
97,8
96,7
95,9
91,4
90,3
90,0
89,7
89,3
88,5
87,2
86,1
Hong Kong
USA
Switzerland
Singapore
Sweden
Canada
Taiwan
Norway
Germany
Qatar
Netherlands
Luxembourg
World Competitiveness Scoreboard
Source: IMD,World Competitiveness Yearbook 2012
5,72
5,67
5,55
5,53
5,5
5,48
5,47
5,45
5,41
5,4
5,38
5,29
Switzerland
Singapore
Finland
Sweden
Netherlands
Germany
USA
UK
HongKong
Japan
Qatar
Denmark
Global Competitiveness Index
Source:Global Competitiveness report, 2012-2013
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Ra
nk
Year
IMD WEF
The Other Federer:
Technology Transfer Ranking Switzerland
0
50
100
150
200
250
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Source: European Innovation Scoreboard, 2010
SwitzerlandIceland
Denmark
EU
Netherlands
Sweden
Finland Norway
Benchmarking Collaborative
Partnering
Evolution of public-
private co-publications
per million population
www.paccar.ethz.ch
Guinness World Record in fuel efficiency 20 km / g = 5’385 km / l = around the globe with 8 l gasoline
Shell eco-marathon record holder 3’836 km/l of gasoline (2005)
Swiss Innovations
LGIS
Meet
Diversity attained through specific events
Creativity Center
Pre-seed Workshop
KTT Dialogs
Co-Develop
Entrepreneurship Week Startup Weekend
Stu
dents
Researc
he
rs
Co-Create
Lake Geneva Innovation Society
2008: Health and nutrition in the developing world
2010: Added value of Affective Sciences for the Economy and Society
2011: Current Perspectives on Ageing
2012: Smart and New Materials
• Based on the Oxford Innovation Society
• Promoting Innovation and excellence in public-private partnerships
• Power networking events assembling 60-100 leaders from the LakeGeneva region’s academic institutes and industry
www.lgis.ch
Dialogs on Knowledge and Technology Transfer
• Establish direct contacts and exchanges between stakeholders active onresearch on knowledge and technology transfer (KTT)
• Provide a better mutual understanding and insights on the complex KTTprocesses, their implication and role on academic research as well as theeconomy.
The Economics of KTT April 3rd- 4th, 2008, Geneva
Optimizing KTT pathways for unmet therapeutic needs Oct. 29th, 2009, Boston
www.ktt-dialogs.net
Geneva Creativity Center
www.creativitycenter.ch
The Geneva Creativity Center offers is a collaborative space to stimulate and
generate ideas.
Its objective is to provide an opportunity for researchers and industrial partners to
exchange and confront their needs, ideas or problems and share their respective
knowledge.
Pre-Seed Workshop
The Pre-Seed Workshop is a 2 ½ day “build-a-company” event which ralliescommunity talent and resources to
1) investigate the commercial potential of new technologies (developedprimarily at universities, corporations, and major research centers) and
2) transform the more promising candidates into pre-seed stagecompanies.
www.psw-ny.org
Discussion
What are the main outcomes of such partnering experiments ?
What is the appropriate model for companies to support
creativity ?
Can we further enhance these models ?
Discussion
What are the main outcomes of such partnering experiments ?
What is the appropriate model for companies to enhance
creativity ?
There is no “one fits all” format.
As a general rule, the deeper the interaction, the smaller the
group size
Build trust through networking events before engaging in co-
creation or co-development
Carefully select and place guests
Discussion
Can we further enhance these models ?
Beyond face to face: testing online collaboration platforms
http://www.launchpadcentral.com
https://qlna.imaginatik.com (BEI platform)
http://www.atizo.com
Not yet there but there is potential (any positive experience ?)
In an innovation driven economy, smart ideas are key
Companies must nurture and support creativity using diversity
Switzerland is providing a very fertile ground for creativity
• Close Proximity of Universities and Companies
• Well trained and diverse workforce (4 national languages)
Swiss Universities have build upon such fertile grounds by
developing multiple opportunities for students, academic and
industry researchers to meet, create and develop innovations.
As consequence its innovative capacity is now one of the best
Conclusions
Working in partnership to support innovation
Association of European Science & Office of Technology TransferTechnology Transfer Professionals Unitec-University of GenevaKoninginnegracht 22 24, rue Général Dufour2514 AB the Hague 1211 Geneva 4www.astp.net www.unige.ch/unitecPh: +31 70 392 63 74 Ph: +41 22 379 03 50
Thank you
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