brendan sears toyota

Global development ofindustry & technologyin the 21st century

Global development ofGlobal development ofindustry & technologyindustry & technologyin the 21st centuryin the 21st century

Accelerated consumption of

fossil fuels

Accelerated Accelerated consumption of consumption of

fossil fuelsfossil fuels

1. Energy1. Energy

3. Air quality3. Air quality

Population growth (in USA, Asia, etc.)Population Population growth growth (in USA, Asia, etc.)(in USA, Asia, etc.)

Growing number of motor vehiclesGrowing number Growing number of motor of motor vehiclesvehicles

2. CO22. CO2(global warming measures)(global warming measures)

Three Major Issues

1� Two electric motors2� Ni-MH battery3� Power split device

EngineEngine

Power split devicePower split device

GeneratorGenerator

BatteryBattery

MotorMotor

Reduction GearReduction Gear Mechanical power path

Transmission for HVTransmission for HV

Power Control UnitPower Control Unit

Electrical power path

Features of System

Prius (THS) 1997~2003

InverterInverter

Evolution of Hybrid Units

•Continuous improvements (KAIZEN)

•The challenge to achieve higher performance

• Smaller, lighter units with improved output

Generator

Battery

Inverter

Traction motor

Main hybrid system units

EngineEngine

Power split devicePower split device

GeneratorGenerator

BatteryBattery

MotorMotor

Reduction GearReduction Gear Mechanical power path

Transmission for HVTransmission for HVElectrical power path

Prius

1� Two electric motors2� Ni-MH battery3� Power split device

Features of System

High-voltage boost circuit

(THSII) 2003~

InverterInverterPower Control UnitPower Control Unit

Basic components Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive®

38 28 modules

Module (6 Cells)Cell

(1,2 V)

273,6 V 201,6 V

HV battery Pack improvements: - 26% Modules (38 28 modules) - 30% weight (56 kg 39 kg) - 15 % volume (- 6 l) - 23% static current drop more efficient Added connection portion

between each cell

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500Output density (W/L)

Out

put d

ensi

ty (W

/kg)

‘97 Prius

Smaller

Lighter

35%up

(Cylindrical)

�Prismatic resin case�

(Prismatic resin case)

‘00 Prius

‘03 Prius

Battery

Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive®Improvements Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive® vs. THS:+ 8% petrol power: 53 kW 57 kW+ 50% electric power: 33 kW 50 kW+ 14 % electric torque: 350 Nm 400 Nm over a 3 x wider rangeSubstantial increase in contribution of electric motorHigher voltage to electric motor/generator: 273,6 V 500 V

– superior power– minimised electrical losses

Enhanced charging capacity of generator: more power and speed– 33,8 kW 37,8 kW– 6,500 10,000 rpm

Newly developed battery pack– more compact and lighter (-30%)– superior output density– improved charge and discharge capacity

Aluminium High voltage wire harness (weight reduction)

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070

1000

500

1500

PRIUS (US, Europe, …)

PRIUS (Japan)

PRIUS(Total)

TOYOTA / LEXUS HVs (Total)

All HVs including other company’s HVs (Total)

(Year�

HV Market: Cumulative sales (worldwide)

1 million

Cum

ulat

ive

num

ber o

f hyb

rid s

ales

(Tho

usan

d)

Irish Market Experience

• Hybrid sales exceed 2,500 at end of 2008• Mainly private buyers• Toyota Ireland role in promoting Hybrid• No.1 in customer satisfaction J.D. Power• Resale value is very strong• Appeal of Hybrid reaching a wider

customer base

Clean

Low

CO

2 em

issi

on

50

100

150

200

250

300

0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30TtW NOx(g/km)

TtW

CO

2(g/

km)

Petrol

Source: VCA dataEuropean C segment vehicles

Prius hybrid

CNGLPG

Plug-in technology can further enhance the environmental performance of hybrids both in CO2 & pollutant emissions

Gasoline

Diesel

Plug-in hybridPlug-in hybridEV

FT-EV Concept

Plug-in Hybrid

Household electrical energyRecharged mainly at night

120 / 240 VAC single phase

Plug-in hybrids : A new style of electricity utilization

Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle

Battery

Recharging circuitEngine

Motor

MotorMotor Engine

Mainly EV in city driving

Mainly HV in long distance and high speed driving