bridge foundation design local agency workshop february, 2009 jan six, p.e. sr. geotechnical...

BRIDGE FOUNDATION DESIGNBRIDGE FOUNDATION DESIGN

Local Agency Workshop

February, 2009

Jan Six, P.E.

Sr. Geotechnical Engineer

ODOT Bridge Engineering Section

ODOT FOUNDATION DESIGNODOT FOUNDATION DESIGN

Standards Foundation Design ProcessFoundation ReportsPlans & SpecificationsConstruction Assistance

Standards Foundation Design ProcessFoundation ReportsPlans & SpecificationsConstruction Assistance

ODOT Geotechnical Design Manual (GDM) (available from ODOT Geo-Environmental web site)

AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design SpecificationsODOT Bridge Design & Drafting ManualODOT Standard SpecificationsFHWA Design Manuals (Geotechnical Circulars)

ODOT Geotechnical Design Manual (GDM) (available from ODOT Geo-Environmental web site)

AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design SpecificationsODOT Bridge Design & Drafting ManualODOT Standard SpecificationsFHWA Design Manuals (Geotechnical Circulars)

StandardsStandards

To determine the bridge foundation system that will result in the most cost effective bridge design, taking into account all the appropriate foundation design and construction considerations.

To determine the bridge foundation system that will result in the most cost effective bridge design, taking into account all the appropriate foundation design and construction considerations.

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Scoping & Field ReconnaissanceField ExplorationsLaboratory TestingFoundation Design Foundation ReportsSpecificationsConstruction Support

Scoping & Field ReconnaissanceField ExplorationsLaboratory TestingFoundation Design Foundation ReportsSpecificationsConstruction Support

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Identify Foundation Design Elements of ProjectNew Bridge FoundationsBridge WideningRetaining WallsCulverts

Conduct Office Data ResearchOld Foundation Data on Existing StructurePile Record BooksMaintenance Records

Identify Foundation Design Elements of ProjectNew Bridge FoundationsBridge WideningRetaining WallsCulverts

Conduct Office Data ResearchOld Foundation Data on Existing StructurePile Record BooksMaintenance Records

Scoping and Field ReconnaissanceScoping and Field Reconnaissance

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Observe Site Conditions affecting Exploration, Design and/or Construction

Surface Conditions/ Obstructions (logs, riprap)Wetland Areas, R/W or other access restrictionsBridge Condition (settlement, corrosion) Scour or stream bank erosionUtilities (buried & overhead)Slope instabilities (slides, settlement, water

problems)Locate Exploration Holes (test pits)

Observe Site Conditions affecting Exploration, Design and/or Construction

Surface Conditions/ Obstructions (logs, riprap)Wetland Areas, R/W or other access restrictionsBridge Condition (settlement, corrosion) Scour or stream bank erosionUtilities (buried & overhead)Slope instabilities (slides, settlement, water

problems)Locate Exploration Holes (test pits)

Field ReconnaissanceField Reconnaissance

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Typically done by contract drillers under contract to ODOTObtain Preliminary Bent LocationsTypically Locate Drill Holes at all Bridge Bents (per AASHTO)Identify Permits of Entry and Environmental ClearancesUtility Locations & Notifications

Typically done by contract drillers under contract to ODOTObtain Preliminary Bent LocationsTypically Locate Drill Holes at all Bridge Bents (per AASHTO)Identify Permits of Entry and Environmental ClearancesUtility Locations & Notifications

Field ExplorationsField Explorations

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Standard Penetration Resistance Test (SPT ‘N’ value)Undisturbed Samples (Laboratory Testing)Rock Core Drilling (Rock hardness, RQD)Special In-Situ Tests (Cone Penetrometer, Pressuremeter)

Standard Penetration Resistance Test (SPT ‘N’ value)Undisturbed Samples (Laboratory Testing)Rock Core Drilling (Rock hardness, RQD)Special In-Situ Tests (Cone Penetrometer, Pressuremeter)

Field ExplorationsField Explorations

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Standard Penetration Resistance Test 140lb. hammer, 30” drop

#blows/6” incrementSPT ‘N’ value = #blows/last

12”

Standard Penetration Resistance Test 140lb. hammer, 30” drop

#blows/6” incrementSPT ‘N’ value = #blows/last

12”

Field ExplorationsField Explorations

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Undisturbed Sample (Shelby Tube) Undisturbed Sample (Shelby Tube) Field ExplorationsField Explorations

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Exploration Log Exploration Log

Field ExplorationsField Explorations

Amount depends on the soils and project designPurpose of obtaining engineering properties of

soils and rock materials for use in designTypical Lab Tests:

Shear Strength of SoilsUnconfined Compressive Strength

(rock)Consolidation Tests (settlement)Unit Weight & Index Tests

Amount depends on the soils and project designPurpose of obtaining engineering properties of

soils and rock materials for use in designTypical Lab Tests:

Shear Strength of SoilsUnconfined Compressive Strength

(rock)Consolidation Tests (settlement)Unit Weight & Index Tests

Laboratory TestingLaboratory Testing

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Construct Subsurface ProfileStratigraphy & Geologic ModelGroundwater ConditionsEngineering Design Parameters

Foundation TypeSeismic Analysis

Construct Subsurface ProfileStratigraphy & Geologic ModelGroundwater ConditionsEngineering Design Parameters

Foundation TypeSeismic Analysis

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Subsurface Geologic ProfileSubsurface Geologic Profile

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Seismic Analysis (Earthquake Design)Two Level Design

Seismic design is evaluated in terms of the overall bridge performance using the 500 yr. & 1000 yr. mean return period earthquakes. Bridge performance must meet “Serviceability” criteria for 500 year event and Life Safety criteria (no collapse) for 1000 yr event.

Seismic Analysis (Earthquake Design)Two Level Design

Seismic design is evaluated in terms of the overall bridge performance using the 500 yr. & 1000 yr. mean return period earthquakes. Bridge performance must meet “Serviceability” criteria for 500 year event and Life Safety criteria (no collapse) for 1000 yr event.

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Seismic Analysis (cont.)

Ground Acceleration (PGA)2002 USGS MapsSite Specific Analysis (optional)

Liquefaction AnalysisLateral Spread, Slope InstabilityApproach Fill SettlementBridge Damage PotentialMitigation Measures

Seismic Analysis (cont.)

Ground Acceleration (PGA)2002 USGS MapsSite Specific Analysis (optional)

Liquefaction AnalysisLateral Spread, Slope InstabilityApproach Fill SettlementBridge Damage PotentialMitigation Measures

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Foundation type depends on combinations of:Foundation Materials & ConditionsStructure Type & Loads Performance CriteriaSite Conditions/Construction Constraints

Extreme Event EffectsSeismic Loads (Liquefaction Potential) Scour Depths

Costs & Construction Time

Foundation type depends on combinations of:Foundation Materials & ConditionsStructure Type & Loads Performance CriteriaSite Conditions/Construction Constraints

Extreme Event EffectsSeismic Loads (Liquefaction Potential) Scour Depths

Costs & Construction Time

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Other Project Considerations:In-Water Work PeriodsEnvironmental Restrictions

Noise or Vibration ConstraintsConstruction Access/Traffic Control

Other Project Considerations:In-Water Work PeriodsEnvironmental Restrictions

Noise or Vibration ConstraintsConstruction Access/Traffic Control

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Shallow FoundationsSpread Footings (on engineered fill)MSE Abutment Wall w/ Spread Footing

Deep FoundationsDriven PilesDrilled ShaftsMicropiles

Shallow FoundationsSpread Footings (on engineered fill)MSE Abutment Wall w/ Spread Footing

Deep FoundationsDriven PilesDrilled ShaftsMicropiles

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Types of FoundationsTypes of Foundations

Spread Footing Design

SettlementBearing Resistance Sliding ResistanceOverturning (eccentricity)Overall Stability (slope stability)

Spread Footing Design

SettlementBearing Resistance Sliding ResistanceOverturning (eccentricity)Overall Stability (slope stability)

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Pile Design

Most CommonSteel Pipe Piles (open or closed end)H-Piles

Less CommonPrestressed ConcreteTimber

Pile Design

Most CommonSteel Pipe Piles (open or closed end)H-Piles

Less CommonPrestressed ConcreteTimber

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Pile Design

Bearing Resistance (compression and tension)Lateral ResistanceSettlement and Downdrag AnalysisCorrosion Potential/ProtectionTip Protection Pile Drivability (construction)Group Settlement, Group Effects

Pile Design

Bearing Resistance (compression and tension)Lateral ResistanceSettlement and Downdrag AnalysisCorrosion Potential/ProtectionTip Protection Pile Drivability (construction)Group Settlement, Group Effects

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Drilled Shafts

High bearing resistanceHigh lateral resistanceCost-effective in river environmentsCan be socketed into bedrockPotential construction issues

Hole stability (caving, groundwater)Difficulty with drilling obstructionsNeed very good subsurface dataNeed good experienced contractors

Drilled Shafts

High bearing resistanceHigh lateral resistanceCost-effective in river environmentsCan be socketed into bedrockPotential construction issues

Hole stability (caving, groundwater)Difficulty with drilling obstructionsNeed very good subsurface dataNeed good experienced contractors

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Micropiles

Small diameter, drilled-in-place piles

Rarely usedRelatively expensiveApplicable for:

low overhead clearanceboulders in foundation soilsunderpinning projects

Micropiles

Small diameter, drilled-in-place piles

Rarely usedRelatively expensiveApplicable for:

low overhead clearanceboulders in foundation soilsunderpinning projects

Foundation Design ProcessFoundation Design Process

Project description (scope & purpose)Project description (scope & purpose)Office research & summary of pertinent records relating Office research & summary of pertinent records relating

to foundation design and construction. to foundation design and construction. Description of the geologic settingDescription of the geologic settingSummary of hydraulics information affecting foundation Summary of hydraulics information affecting foundation

recommendationsrecommendationsSubsurface explorations and conditionsSubsurface explorations and conditions

Boring logsBoring logsGroundwater conditionsGroundwater conditionsSpecial field testingSpecial field testing

Laboratory test resultsLaboratory test results

Project description (scope & purpose)Project description (scope & purpose)Office research & summary of pertinent records relating Office research & summary of pertinent records relating

to foundation design and construction. to foundation design and construction. Description of the geologic settingDescription of the geologic settingSummary of hydraulics information affecting foundation Summary of hydraulics information affecting foundation

recommendationsrecommendationsSubsurface explorations and conditionsSubsurface explorations and conditions

Boring logsBoring logsGroundwater conditionsGroundwater conditionsSpecial field testingSpecial field testing

Laboratory test resultsLaboratory test results

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Seismic Analysis & RecommendationsSeismic Analysis & Recommendations500 yr. and 1000 yr. event analysis 500 yr. and 1000 yr. event analysis Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), SPeak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Saa & S & S11 AASHTO soil site class and response spectraAASHTO soil site class and response spectraLiquefaction AssessmentLiquefaction Assessment

Extent of Liquefaction & Potential ImpactsExtent of Liquefaction & Potential ImpactsLateral Spread PotentialLateral Spread PotentialReduced Foundation CapacitiesReduced Foundation CapacitiesSettlement, Downdrag PotentialSettlement, Downdrag Potential

Liquefied Soil Parameters for Bridge AnalysisLiquefied Soil Parameters for Bridge AnalysisMitigation Recommendations Mitigation Recommendations

Site Specific Analysis & Response Spectra (optional)Site Specific Analysis & Response Spectra (optional)

Seismic Analysis & RecommendationsSeismic Analysis & Recommendations500 yr. and 1000 yr. event analysis 500 yr. and 1000 yr. event analysis Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), SPeak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Saa & S & S11 AASHTO soil site class and response spectraAASHTO soil site class and response spectraLiquefaction AssessmentLiquefaction Assessment

Extent of Liquefaction & Potential ImpactsExtent of Liquefaction & Potential ImpactsLateral Spread PotentialLateral Spread PotentialReduced Foundation CapacitiesReduced Foundation CapacitiesSettlement, Downdrag PotentialSettlement, Downdrag Potential

Liquefied Soil Parameters for Bridge AnalysisLiquefied Soil Parameters for Bridge AnalysisMitigation Recommendations Mitigation Recommendations

Site Specific Analysis & Response Spectra (optional)Site Specific Analysis & Response Spectra (optional)

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Foundation RecommendationsFoundation RecommendationsSpread Footings (on engineered fill)Spread Footings (on engineered fill)PilesPilesDrilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsMicropilesMicropiles

Foundation RecommendationsFoundation RecommendationsSpread Footings (on engineered fill)Spread Footings (on engineered fill)PilesPilesDrilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsMicropilesMicropiles

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Spread FootingsSpread Footings

Recommended Footing Elevation(s) Recommended Footing Elevation(s) Nominal Bearing ResistanceNominal Bearing ResistanceFactored Bearing Resistance (Allowable Bearing Capacity)Factored Bearing Resistance (Allowable Bearing Capacity)Nominal bearing resistance for service limit state (settlement)Nominal bearing resistance for service limit state (settlement)Description and properties of the anticipated foundation materialDescription and properties of the anticipated foundation material

Spread FootingsSpread Footings

Recommended Footing Elevation(s) Recommended Footing Elevation(s) Nominal Bearing ResistanceNominal Bearing ResistanceFactored Bearing Resistance (Allowable Bearing Capacity)Factored Bearing Resistance (Allowable Bearing Capacity)Nominal bearing resistance for service limit state (settlement)Nominal bearing resistance for service limit state (settlement)Description and properties of the anticipated foundation materialDescription and properties of the anticipated foundation material

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Pile FoundationsPile FoundationsType (Pipe Pile, H-pile, Concrete or Timber)Type (Pipe Pile, H-pile, Concrete or Timber)Size or Dimensions (O.D., wall thickness, etc.) Size or Dimensions (O.D., wall thickness, etc.) Material Specification (e.g., ASTM spec & grade of steel), Material Specification (e.g., ASTM spec & grade of steel), Tip Treatment (PP open or closed-end, reinforcement)Tip Treatment (PP open or closed-end, reinforcement)Nominal Bearing Resistances, Nominal Bearing Resistances,

estimated tip elevation for bearing estimated tip elevation for bearing estimated cutoff elevation, estimated cutoff elevation, “estimated” or “order” lengths “estimated” or “order” lengths

Minimum Required Tip Elevation (reason for req’d. tip elev.)Minimum Required Tip Elevation (reason for req’d. tip elev.)Resistance Factors (Resistance Factors (factor) and Factored Resistancesfactor) and Factored ResistancesNominal (Ultimate) Uplift CapacitiesNominal (Ultimate) Uplift CapacitiesSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisPile Group SettlementPile Group Settlement

Pile FoundationsPile FoundationsType (Pipe Pile, H-pile, Concrete or Timber)Type (Pipe Pile, H-pile, Concrete or Timber)Size or Dimensions (O.D., wall thickness, etc.) Size or Dimensions (O.D., wall thickness, etc.) Material Specification (e.g., ASTM spec & grade of steel), Material Specification (e.g., ASTM spec & grade of steel), Tip Treatment (PP open or closed-end, reinforcement)Tip Treatment (PP open or closed-end, reinforcement)Nominal Bearing Resistances, Nominal Bearing Resistances,

estimated tip elevation for bearing estimated tip elevation for bearing estimated cutoff elevation, estimated cutoff elevation, “estimated” or “order” lengths “estimated” or “order” lengths

Minimum Required Tip Elevation (reason for req’d. tip elev.)Minimum Required Tip Elevation (reason for req’d. tip elev.)Resistance Factors (Resistance Factors (factor) and Factored Resistancesfactor) and Factored ResistancesNominal (Ultimate) Uplift CapacitiesNominal (Ultimate) Uplift CapacitiesSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisPile Group SettlementPile Group Settlement

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Pile Foundations (continued)Pile Foundations (continued)

Downdrag Effects (reduced capacities or mitigation) Downdrag Effects (reduced capacities or mitigation) Liquefaction Effects: reduced pile capacities (axial, uplift, lateral, etc)Liquefaction Effects: reduced pile capacities (axial, uplift, lateral, etc)Pile Drivability AnalysisPile Drivability AnalysisWave Equation Parameters (for special provisions/contractors)Wave Equation Parameters (for special provisions/contractors)

Pile Foundations (continued)Pile Foundations (continued)

Downdrag Effects (reduced capacities or mitigation) Downdrag Effects (reduced capacities or mitigation) Liquefaction Effects: reduced pile capacities (axial, uplift, lateral, etc)Liquefaction Effects: reduced pile capacities (axial, uplift, lateral, etc)Pile Drivability AnalysisPile Drivability AnalysisWave Equation Parameters (for special provisions/contractors)Wave Equation Parameters (for special provisions/contractors)

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Pile Driving Pile Driving Stress ProblemsStress ProblemsPile Driving Pile Driving Stress ProblemsStress Problems

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Drilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsShaft Type (i.e., end-bearing, friction or both)Shaft Type (i.e., end-bearing, friction or both)Nominal Resistance for various diameters and lengthsNominal Resistance for various diameters and lengthsEstimated Shaft Settlement vs. Shaft Diameter and LoadEstimated Shaft Settlement vs. Shaft Diameter and LoadFactored Resistance and Resistance FactorsFactored Resistance and Resistance FactorsSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisLiquefaction Effects: reduced shaft capacities (axial, uplift, Liquefaction Effects: reduced shaft capacities (axial, uplift,

lateral, etc) lateral, etc) LLoad Test recommendations (if appropriate)oad Test recommendations (if appropriate)

Drilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsShaft Type (i.e., end-bearing, friction or both)Shaft Type (i.e., end-bearing, friction or both)Nominal Resistance for various diameters and lengthsNominal Resistance for various diameters and lengthsEstimated Shaft Settlement vs. Shaft Diameter and LoadEstimated Shaft Settlement vs. Shaft Diameter and LoadFactored Resistance and Resistance FactorsFactored Resistance and Resistance FactorsSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisSoil Parameters for Lateral Load AnalysisLiquefaction Effects: reduced shaft capacities (axial, uplift, Liquefaction Effects: reduced shaft capacities (axial, uplift,

lateral, etc) lateral, etc) LLoad Test recommendations (if appropriate)oad Test recommendations (if appropriate)

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Pile FoundationsPile FoundationsPile Driving CriteriaPile Driving CriteriaWave Equation Input Criteria (if applicable)Wave Equation Input Criteria (if applicable)Number of Pile SplicesNumber of Pile SplicesIs Set Period (freeze) acceptable?Is Set Period (freeze) acceptable?Is Preboring or Jetting acceptable?Is Preboring or Jetting acceptable?Effects of driving on adjacent structuresEffects of driving on adjacent structuresPotential Driving Obstructions (e.g., boulders, existing piles, Potential Driving Obstructions (e.g., boulders, existing piles,

utilities) been identified? utilities) been identified?

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Pile FoundationsPile FoundationsPile Driving CriteriaPile Driving CriteriaWave Equation Input Criteria (if applicable)Wave Equation Input Criteria (if applicable)Number of Pile SplicesNumber of Pile SplicesIs Set Period (freeze) acceptable?Is Set Period (freeze) acceptable?Is Preboring or Jetting acceptable?Is Preboring or Jetting acceptable?Effects of driving on adjacent structuresEffects of driving on adjacent structuresPotential Driving Obstructions (e.g., boulders, existing piles, Potential Driving Obstructions (e.g., boulders, existing piles,

utilities) been identified? utilities) been identified?

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Drilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsEnd bearing or friction shaft designationEnd bearing or friction shaft designationTemporary or Permanent casing recommendationsTemporary or Permanent casing recommendationsGroundwater conditionsGroundwater conditionsBoulders and/or obstructions expected to be encountered Boulders and/or obstructions expected to be encountered Cross Hole Sonic Logging (CSL) Cross Hole Sonic Logging (CSL) Quality Control Quality Control

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Drilled ShaftsDrilled ShaftsEnd bearing or friction shaft designationEnd bearing or friction shaft designationTemporary or Permanent casing recommendationsTemporary or Permanent casing recommendationsGroundwater conditionsGroundwater conditionsBoulders and/or obstructions expected to be encountered Boulders and/or obstructions expected to be encountered Cross Hole Sonic Logging (CSL) Cross Hole Sonic Logging (CSL) Quality Control Quality Control

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Structural Defect Produced by Interruption in Concreting and Low Slump Concrete

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Other Foundation RecommendationsOther Foundation Recommendations

Detour Bridge RecommendationsDetour Bridge RecommendationsFalsework SupportFalsework Support

Falsework foundation type recommendationsFalsework foundation type recommendationsFoundation ExcavationsFoundation Excavations

Groundwater conditions & possible mitigationGroundwater conditions & possible mitigationShoring and BracingShoring and BracingCofferdamsCofferdams

UUnique Special Provisionsnique Special ProvisionsSpecific Geotechnical/Geologic informationSpecific Geotechnical/Geologic information

Construction & Specification RecommendationsConstruction & Specification Recommendations

Other Foundation RecommendationsOther Foundation Recommendations

Detour Bridge RecommendationsDetour Bridge RecommendationsFalsework SupportFalsework Support

Falsework foundation type recommendationsFalsework foundation type recommendationsFoundation ExcavationsFoundation Excavations

Groundwater conditions & possible mitigationGroundwater conditions & possible mitigationShoring and BracingShoring and BracingCofferdamsCofferdams

UUnique Special Provisionsnique Special ProvisionsSpecific Geotechnical/Geologic informationSpecific Geotechnical/Geologic information

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Foundation Data Sheet (part of bridge plans)Foundation Data Sheet (part of bridge plans)

Locations all explorations (borings, test pits, hand augers, etc.)Locations all explorations (borings, test pits, hand augers, etc.)Explorations plotted in elevation viewExplorations plotted in elevation viewSubsurface conditions depicted with soil and rock unit descriptions Subsurface conditions depicted with soil and rock unit descriptions SPT (“N” values), Undisturbed SamplesSPT (“N” values), Undisturbed SamplesHighest measured groundwater levels and the date measuredHighest measured groundwater levels and the date measuredPPercent rock core recoveryercent rock core recovery and and rock hardness rock hardness..

Foundation Data Sheet (part of bridge plans)Foundation Data Sheet (part of bridge plans)

Locations all explorations (borings, test pits, hand augers, etc.)Locations all explorations (borings, test pits, hand augers, etc.)Explorations plotted in elevation viewExplorations plotted in elevation viewSubsurface conditions depicted with soil and rock unit descriptions Subsurface conditions depicted with soil and rock unit descriptions SPT (“N” values), Undisturbed SamplesSPT (“N” values), Undisturbed SamplesHighest measured groundwater levels and the date measuredHighest measured groundwater levels and the date measuredPPercent rock core recoveryercent rock core recovery and and rock hardness rock hardness..

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Foundation ReportsFoundation Reports

Distributed To:Structural Designer(s)Specification WriterProject Manager’s Office (inspector)Project Team LeaderRegion Geo-OfficeHQ Bridge Engineering OfficeFHWA (for large projects)

Distributed To:Structural Designer(s)Specification WriterProject Manager’s Office (inspector)Project Team LeaderRegion Geo-OfficeHQ Bridge Engineering OfficeFHWA (for large projects)

Plans & SpecificationsPlans & Specifications

Plans ReviewPlans ReviewPile type, size and gradePile type, size and gradeDrilled Shaft size, tip elevations, min. rock socket depthDrilled Shaft size, tip elevations, min. rock socket depthNominal ResistancesNominal ResistancesResistance FactorsResistance FactorsPile Driving Criteria Pile Driving Criteria Required Pile Tip ElevationRequired Pile Tip ElevationPile Tip treatmentPile Tip treatmentSplicing DetailSplicing DetailFootings:Footings: Nominal Resistance Nominal Resistance Maximum Footing Elevation Maximum Footing Elevation

Plans ReviewPlans ReviewPile type, size and gradePile type, size and gradeDrilled Shaft size, tip elevations, min. rock socket depthDrilled Shaft size, tip elevations, min. rock socket depthNominal ResistancesNominal ResistancesResistance FactorsResistance FactorsPile Driving Criteria Pile Driving Criteria Required Pile Tip ElevationRequired Pile Tip ElevationPile Tip treatmentPile Tip treatmentSplicing DetailSplicing DetailFootings:Footings: Nominal Resistance Nominal Resistance Maximum Footing Elevation Maximum Footing Elevation

SpecificationsSpecificationsPiling (Section 520)Piling (Section 520)

Estimated Pile Lengths (steel piles)Estimated Pile Lengths (steel piles)Number of Pile SplicesNumber of Pile SplicesTip Treatment (open or closed end, reinforcement)Tip Treatment (open or closed end, reinforcement)Driving CriteriaDriving CriteriaWave Equation Input (if applicable)Wave Equation Input (if applicable)Pile freeze, preboring or jetting allowedPile freeze, preboring or jetting allowed

SpecificationsSpecificationsPiling (Section 520)Piling (Section 520)

Estimated Pile Lengths (steel piles)Estimated Pile Lengths (steel piles)Number of Pile SplicesNumber of Pile SplicesTip Treatment (open or closed end, reinforcement)Tip Treatment (open or closed end, reinforcement)Driving CriteriaDriving CriteriaWave Equation Input (if applicable)Wave Equation Input (if applicable)Pile freeze, preboring or jetting allowedPile freeze, preboring or jetting allowed

Plans & SpecificationsPlans & Specifications

SpecificationsSpecificationsShafts (Section 512)Shafts (Section 512)

Designated Friction or End BearingDesignated Friction or End BearingPermanent Casing RequirementsPermanent Casing RequirementsCrosshole Sonic Log (CSL) testing required Crosshole Sonic Log (CSL) testing required

SpecificationsSpecificationsShafts (Section 512)Shafts (Section 512)

Designated Friction or End BearingDesignated Friction or End BearingPermanent Casing RequirementsPermanent Casing RequirementsCrosshole Sonic Log (CSL) testing required Crosshole Sonic Log (CSL) testing required

Plans & SpecificationsPlans & Specifications

Construction AssistanceConstruction Assistance

Pile Hammer & Equipment Review & ApprovalPile Hammer & Equipment Review & ApprovalPile Driving Criteria (inspectors graph)Pile Driving Criteria (inspectors graph)Pile Driving Problem SolvingPile Driving Problem SolvingPile Record BooksPile Record BooksDrilled Shaft Installation PlanDrilled Shaft Installation PlanDrilled Shaft Construction FormsDrilled Shaft Construction FormsReview of CSL test resultsReview of CSL test resultsMaterials SubstitutionsMaterials SubstitutionsFoundation Inspection AssistanceFoundation Inspection AssistanceClaims ResolutionClaims Resolution

Pile Hammer & Equipment Review & ApprovalPile Hammer & Equipment Review & ApprovalPile Driving Criteria (inspectors graph)Pile Driving Criteria (inspectors graph)Pile Driving Problem SolvingPile Driving Problem SolvingPile Record BooksPile Record BooksDrilled Shaft Installation PlanDrilled Shaft Installation PlanDrilled Shaft Construction FormsDrilled Shaft Construction FormsReview of CSL test resultsReview of CSL test resultsMaterials SubstitutionsMaterials SubstitutionsFoundation Inspection AssistanceFoundation Inspection AssistanceClaims ResolutionClaims Resolution

Thank You!Thank You!