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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
Introduction MPLS Transport Profile (TP) BRKSPG-2023
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Agenda
Where is Ethernet Going?
MPLS-TP Pre-Requisite
MPLS-TP Tunnel (LSP) Provisioning
MPLS-TP Single Segment Pseudo-Wire (PW) Provisioning
MPLS-TP OAM
MPLS-TP Resiliency
IP/MPLS-(TE) & MPLS-TP Interoperability
MPLS-TP Case Studies
MPLS-TP Standards Update
Summary
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Where Is Transport Ethernet Going?
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TDM Transport Packet Data Network
Connection Mode Connection Oriented Connectionless (Except TE)
OAM In-Band OAM Out-of-Band (Except PW, TE)
Protection Switching Data Plane Switching Control Plane Dependency
BW Efficiency Fixed Bandwidth Statistical Multiplexing
Data Rate Granularity Rigid SONET Hierarchy Flexible Data Rate
QoS One Class Only QoS Treatment
Packet Transport
MPLS Transport Profile (TP) Merge Transport and Data Networking
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MPLS Transport Profile (TP) Evolution of SONET/SDH transport networks to packet switching driven by
‒ Growth in packet-based services (L2/L3 VPN, IPTV, VoIP, etc)
‒ Desire for bandwidth/QoS flexibility
New packet transport networks need to retain same operational model
An MPLS transport profile being defined at IETF (in collaboration with ITU-T)
Motivation
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MPLS Transport Profile (TP)
Connection-oriented packet switching model
No modifications to MPLS data plane
No IPv4/v6 needed for packet forwarding
Interoperates/interworks with existing MPLS and pseudowire control and data planes
No LSP merging
LSPs may be point to point (unidirectional, co-routed bidirectional or associated bidirectional)
LSPs may be point to multipoint (unidirectional)
Networks can be created and maintained using static provisioning or a dynamic control plane: LDP for PWs and RSVP-TE (GMPLS) for LSPs
In-band OAM (fate sharing)
Protection options: 1:1, 1+1,1:N, Ring-Protection (Achieve GR-253 detection and switching times)
Network operation equivalent to existing transport networks
Characteristics
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Data Plane – MPLS Forwarding
– Bidirectional P2P and
– Unidirectional P2MP LSPs
– No LSP merging
– No Penultimate hop popping (PHP)
– PW (SS-PW, MS-PW)
Control Plane – NMS provisioning option
– GMPLS control plane option
OAM – In-band OAM channel (GACH)
– Connectivity Check (CC): proactive (ext. BFD)
– Connectivity verification (CV): reactive (ext. LSP Ping)
– Alarm Suppression and Fault Indication with AIS (new tool), RDI (ext. BFD), and Client Fault Indication (CFI)
– Performance monitoring, proactive and reactive (new tools)
Resiliency – Sub-50ms protection switch over without c/p
– 1:1, 1+1, 1:N path protection
– Linear protection
– Ring protection
MPLS Transport Profile (TP) Components
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MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP)
PWE3 Encap
DS1 Service E1 Service
MPLS-TP
Generic Associated Channel (G-Ach) for Inband MPLS-TP OAM
Pseudowire Muxing Function
Circuit Emulation 1588v2
MPLS-TP MPLS-TE over DWDM
Network Identifier MPLS Label
MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP)
PWE3 Encap
Ethernet Service
802.1Q, .1ad
EVC
G-Ach G-Ach
STS-1/Nc SPE VC-3/4 SPE
VT1.5 SPE VC-11/12 DS1 Service
E1 Service
STS-1/Nc SPE VC-3/4 SPE
802.1Q
802.1ad
Ethernet Service
SONET/SDH
VT1.5 Muxed Into STS-1
Ethernet Mapping
Network Identifier STS/VC number
SONET SDH over DWDM
GFP-F/ H
DLC
MPLS Transport Profile (TP) Encapsulation
VT1.5 approximately Equivalent to Pseudowire
STS-N/VC-3/4 approximates an LSP
SATo
P CE
oP
Ach
Ach
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MPLS Transport Profile (TP) SONET/SDH Analogy
MPLS-TP
MPLS -TP over DWDM
MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP)
PWE3 Encap
Ethernet Service
802.1Q, .1ad
EVC
G-Ach
STS-1/Nc SPE VC-3/4 SPE
802.1Q
802.1ad
Ethernet Service
SONET/SDH
Ethernet Mapping
SONET SDH over DWDM
GFP-F/ H
DLC
STS-1 VC-3
STS-1 VC-3
STS-1 VC-3
STS-1 VC-3
1 2 3 192
OC-192 STM-64
192 STS-1/VC-3 @ 51 Mbps Fixed SPE Capped at 10 Gig
LSP LSP LSP LSP
1 2 3 192 10 GigE
192 LSP’s @ 51 Mbps CIR Bandwidth Efficient Service Scalability & Flexibility Statistical Multiplexing
Service Granularity (PW) @ 1 Mbps
Ach
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MPLS-TP OAM MPLS-TP LSP G-ACh Packet Structure
Reserved Length Reserved 0 0 0 1 Version Channel Type
1 13 TC 1
Length TLV Type
Value
G-ACH Message
Associated Channel Header (ACH)
Generic Associated Channel Label (GAL)
ACH TLV Header
ACH TLV (e.g Source, Destination, LSP ID, PW ID)
G-ACh Message
MPLS-TP section defined as link connecting two adjacent T-PE
GAL as label stack
Same ACH structure
For Your Reference
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MPLS-TP OAM MPLS-TP PW G-ACh Packet Structure
Reserved Length Reserved 0 0 0 1 Version Channel Type
1 PW Label TC TTL S LSP Label TC TTL
Length TLV Type
Value
G-ACh Message
Associated Channel Header (ACH)
LSP Shim Header
Pseudowire Shim Header
ACH TLV Header
ACH TLV (e.g Source, Destination, LSP ID, PW ID)
G-ACh Message
Existing VCCV ACH (RFC) Use of GAL not required, but allowed ACH TLV header defines length of ACH TLV list ACH TLVs provide additional context for processing of G-ACH message G-ACH message may not require ACH TLVs
For Your Reference
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MPLS-TP Pre-Requisite
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MPLS-TP Pre-Provisioning
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Step #1: Create a Loopback Address on each node for DCN connectivity & CTC Reachability
Step #1: Create Loopback Address
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MPLS-TP Pre-Provisioning
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Step #2: MPLS-TP Node ID MPLS-TP Global ID
Step #2: Review Node ID & Global ID. Node ID will be prepopulated with Loopback ID. Global ID specifies operators MPLS-TP domain.
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MPLS-TP Pre-Provisioning
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Step #3: Review/Create MPLS-TP BFD Templates The system will pre-provision MPLS-TP LSP BFD templates for 3.3ms / 10ms / 50ms. The system will pre-provision MPLS-TP PW BFD template for 1s
Step #3: Review Pre-Provisioned MPLS-TP BFD Templates
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MPLS-TP Pre-Provisioning
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Step #4: Review/Create Link IDs MPLS-TP use Link Number instead of interface number for tunnel provisioning. The link id also specifics how the physical interface will communicate with the adjacent node. 1) IP-ARP 2) Static ARP 3) IP-Less (Default)
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MPLS-TP Pre-Provisioning
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Step #5: Review/Change MPLS Label Range Allocation. Label 16-4000 are allocated to MPLS-TP and 4001-8000 are allocated to IP/MPLS
MPLS-TP Tunnel (LSP) Provisioning
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MPLS-TP Data Plane MPLS-TP LSP PUSH / SWAP / POP
MPLS-TP LSP Segment
Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP Access Aggregation
Edge
PUSH Label 10
Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 10
SWAP Label 10 <-> 10 Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 10
Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 10
SWAP Label 10 <-> 20 Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 20
Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 20
POP Label 20 Ethernet
PW Label
LSP 20
T-PE T-PE T-PE T-PE
Core
AC AC
PW PW PW
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Creation MPLS-TP Tunnel Circuit Creation Wizard
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Step #1: Specify the Tunnel Attributes Admin State: Up/Down Bandwidth: Accounting Protection: Protect/Un-Protect IP Unnumbered: Leverage IP for dynamic setup Note: The PW Class type for the tunnel can automatically be created with the Tunnel
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Creation – Cont’d
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Step #2: Specify the A node the tunnel begins upon Slot: Beginning Slot/Interface for the tunnel Attach BFD: Specify the BFD template (3.3ms/ 10ms / 50ms) Tunnel Number: Unique number Working LSP Number: Pre-Populated Protecting LSP Number: Pre-Populated
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Creation – Cont’d
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Step #3: Specify the Z node the tunnel end in Slot: Beginning Slot/Interface for the tunnel Attach BFD: Specify the BFD template (3.3ms/ 10ms / 50ms) Tunnel Number: Unique number Working LSP Number: Pre-Populated Protecting LSP Number: Pre-Populated
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Creation – Cont’d
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Step #4: Specify Tunnel Routing through the network Node-Diverse Path: • Nodal Diversity Required • Nodal Diversity Desired • Link Diversity Only
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Creation – Cont’d
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Step #5: Specify Working Tunnel & Protect Tunnel. Review pre-calculated Label numbers.
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Modification
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Modification
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Modification
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MPLS-TP Tunnel Modification
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MPLS-TP Data Plane LSP QOS
Committed Info Rate (CIR)
Peak Info Rate (PIR)
100% Rate
RED = DROPPED
YELLOW = LOW PRIORITY
(Dropped in Case of Congestion)
GREEN = TRANSMITTED
Data Rate
0
100
LSP 10
LSP 20
LSP 30
10GE
LSP 10 QoS Policy PIR 3 Gigabit CIR 2 Gigabit
LSP 20 QoS Policy PIR 5 Gigabit CIR 5 Gigabit
LSP 30 QoS Policy PIR 4 Gigabit CIR 3 Gigabit
MPLS-TP LSP QoS Rules 1. The Total number of LSP CIR’s can not exceed port speed 2. All LSP get a guaranteed bandwidth throughout the
network 3. Working and Protect LSP QoS need to be exactly the same 4. LSP EXP Bits Classification used to define priority
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MPLS-TP Single Segment Pseudo-Wire (PW) Provisioning
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PW Segment over MPLS-TP
MPLS-TP Data Plane MPLS-TP Multi-Segment Pseudo-Wire
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
T-PE T-PE S-PE
PW SWAP Label 10 <-> 20 LSP SWAP Label 10 <-> 20
Ethernet
PW 10
LSP 10
Ethernet
PW 20
LSP 20
AC AC
PUSH Label 10
Ethernet
PW 10
LSP 10
POP Label 20
Ethernet
PW 20
LSP 20
Core
PW PW
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MPLS-TP Static PW Template MPLS-TP PW Class
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PW Class is automatically created when the Tunnel is created. The PW Class can be modified once it is created.
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MPLS-TP Static PW Template MPLS-TP PW Circuit Creation Wizard
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Step #1: Specify the PW Attributes PW Name: PW Description: Admin State: Bandwidth: VPN ID: Redundancy:
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MPLS-TP Static PW Template MPLS-TP PW Circuit Creation Wizard
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Step #2: Specify the A node the PW begins upon AC End Point: AC Attributes: PW Attributes: Backup PW Attributes:
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MPLS-TP Static PW Template MPLS-TP PW Circuit Creation Wizard
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Step #3: Specify the Z node the tunnel end in AC End Point: AC Attributes: PW Attributes: Backup PW Attributes:
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MPLS-TP Static PW Template MPLS-TP PW Circuit Creation Wizard
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Step #4: Review PW Circuit Creation.
MPLS-TP OAM
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Design Guidelines: Reuse/Extend MPLS Tools as Much as Possible, Ensure Interoperability
Continuity Check
Connectivity Check (Path Verification)
Performance Mgmt
Fault Localization
Remote Integrity
Alarm Signal
Extended BFD
Extended BFD
New LM and DM Tools
New Tool - LDI
Extended BFD
New FM Tool – AIS/RDI
Extended LSP Ping
Extended LSP Ping
New LM and DM Tools
Extended LSP Ping
Extended LSP Ping
Not Applicable
BFD to be extended for pro-active CC-CV and RDI LSP Ping to be extended for on-demand CV and TraceRoute
LM: Loss Measurement DM: Delay Measurement FM: Fault Management
On Demand (Reactive) OAM Functions
Continuous (Proactive)
MPLS-TP OAM Ongoing Work
MPLS-TP OAM OAM Function and Tools
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MPLS-TP OAM
MPLS-TP OAM packets needs to follow the same path as the data flows LSPs have no mechanism to differentiate user packets from OAM packets Generic Alert Label (GAL) provides this function
‒ New reserved label - Label 13 ‒ In MPLS-TP GAL always appears at the Bottom of Stack
If a GAL is found anywhere in the label stack it indicates the payload begins with G-ACH Normal MPLS operations apply
‒ MPLS devices only examine the top label in normal operations ‒ MPLS devices inspect the label stack when TTL expires
GAL will be found : ‒ If it’s the popped label ‒ If the TTL expires
LSP OAM Frame Structure
MAC Header Channel Payload L1 GAL/BoS Generic ACH
0001 | Ver | Resv | Channel Type
For Your Reference
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MPLS-TP OAM Associated Channel (A-CH) Processing
MPLS-TP LSP Segment
MEP MIP MIP MEP
AC AC
PW PW PW
0001 | Ver | Resv | Channel Type
MAC Header OAM Message LSP-L PWE-3 ACH PWE-3 L • Pseudo-Wire (PW) OAM in MPLS-TP is exactly the same as PW OAM in IP/MPLS • PW OAM is only processed between MEP’s • PW OAM is defined by the 1st nibble 0001 in the PW control word
LSP-L MAC Header OAM Message GAL GE-ACH
0001 | Ver | Resv | Channel Type
Pseudo-Wire OAM
MPLS-TP LSP OAM
• LSP OAM in-band designated by label 13 • LSP OAM can be processed between MEP’s and MIP’s
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MPLS-TP OAM OAM Architecture
MPLS-TP LSP Segment MPLS-TP LSP Segment
Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
T-PE T-PE S-PE
MEP MEP MEP MIP MIP
Core
MEP MIP MIP LSP OAM LSP OAM
Based on Maintenance Entities Maintenance End Points (MEPs) and Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Multiple levels
Maintenance Entities Association of two MEPs Zero or more intermediate MIPs MEPs source and sink OAM flow MIPs can only sink or respond to an OAM flow
AC AC
PW PW
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LSP OAN - GAL Label = 13 G-ACH Control Word = 0x01 CC Type = 0x1 Channel Type = 0x1 – MPLS LSP Ping
MAC Header Channel Payload L1 GAL/BoS Generic ACH
0001 | Ver | Resv | CC, LSP-Ping Type
LSP Source
LSP Destination
MEP MEP MIP MIP
LSP MPLS Echo Request
LSP MPLS Echo Reply
MPLS-TP OAM LSP Continuity Verification (CV) LSP-Ping
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MPLS-TP LSP Ping
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LSP Source
LSP Destination
TPE TPE Midpoint LSP - MIP Midpoint LSP - MIP
MEP MEP
TTL=1
TTL=2
TTL=3
LSP OAM - GAL Label = 13 G-ACH Control Word = 0x01 CC Type = 0x1 Channel Type = 0x4 – MPLS LSP Echo Request
MAC Header Channel Payload L1 GAL/BoS Generic ACH
0001 | Ver | Resv | CC, LSP-Ping Type
MPLS-TP OAM LSP Continuity Verification (CV) – Fault Isolation
LSP MPLS Echo Request
LSP MPLS Echo Reply
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MPLS-TP LSP Trace Route
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LSP OAM - GAL Label = 13 G-ACH Control Word = 0x01 CC Type = 0x1 Channel Type = 0x7 – BFD
MAC Header Channel Payload L1 GAL/BoS Generic ACH
0001 | Ver | Resv | CC, BFD
LSP Source
LSP Destination
MEP MEP MIP MIP
BFD Control Packet
BFD Control Packet
MPLS-TP OAM LSP Continuity Check (CC) Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)
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MPLS-TP OAM
Checks paths continuity between end points (no end point identity verification)
Uses Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) over G-ACh without IP/UDP headers
BFD operates in asynchronous mode
LSP is UP when BFD session is UP
BFD diagnostics field provides remote defect indication (RDI) function
BFD initiated using slow start (1s interval, multiplier of 3) with poll/final sequence
BFD Initialization
BFD CC (Interval x Multiplier)
BFD CC (Interval x Multiplier) Label
ACH BFD
GAL
Bi-directional, co-routed MPLS-TP LSP
BFD (Down)
BFD (Init) BFD (Up/Poll)
BFD (Up/Final) BFD (Up)
BFD (Up) BFD (Up) BFD (Up)
P TPE TPE P
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MPLS-TP OAM
Failure indication sent by local end point to remote end point
Sent on direction opposite to failure
Uses existing BFD diagnostics field
‒ 0 - No Diagnostic
‒ 1 - Control Detection Time Expired
‒ 3 - Neighbor Signaled Session Down
‒ 4 - Forwarding Plane Reset
‒ 5 - Path Down
‒ 7 - Administratively Down
Diagnostics field indicates reason for last change in session state on an end point
BFD Remote Down Indication (RDI)
Label
ACH BFD
GAL
Bi-directional, co-routed MPLS-TP LSP
BFD (Up / 0) BFD (Up / 0)
P TPE TPE P
Oper Up Oper Up
X
X
BFD (Up / 0) BFD (Up / 0) X BFD (Up / 0) X BFD (Down / 1)
BFD (Down / 3) X BFD (Down / 1) BFD (Init / 3)
BFD (Down / 1) X
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MPLS-TP OAM Pseudowire Maintenance Entity (PME) – VCCV RFC 5085
LSP Source
LSP Destination
TPE TPE Midpoint LSP
Midpoint LSP
CE CE
AC AC
PME
MAC Header LSP Ping Payload L1 PWL/BOS PWE-3 ACH
0001 | Ver=0x0 | Resv=0x0 | Type =0x21 CPT Supports In-Band VCCV Ethernet PW-ACH (IPv4) = 0x21 Ethernet PW-ACH (IPv6) = 0x57 PWE3 Control Word (1st nibbles) = 0x1 Channel Type = 0x21 or 0x57 MPLS LSP Ping Payload
On-Demand Continuity Check Between MEPs and MIPs NMS Retrieval of PW Path to Populate the Global ID of MIPs/MEPs
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MPLS-TP OAM
Static PWs require in-band status notification (no LDP notification)
Existing PW Status TLV sent over G-ACh
Three messages sent at 1 per sec to set/clear fault then continuous messages sent at a longer interval
Native service OAM or port shutdown can propagate failure to remote CE
Static Pseudowire Status Notification
BFD CC (Interval x Multiplier)
BFD CC (Interval x Multiplier) Label
ACH OAM Msg (Status)
Bi-directional, co-routed MPLS-TP LSP
P1 PE1 PE2 P2 CE1 CE2
1 per sec
1 per refresh timer (default 30s)
Static PW Status Static PW Status Static PW Status
Static PW Status
Static PW Status
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MPLS-TP OAM
Function Encapsulation Channel Type
Continuity Check (CC) BFD without IP/UDP headers 0x0007
Connectivity Verification (CV) LSP Ping with IP/UDP headers 0x0021
Route Tracing LSP Ping with IP/UDP headers 0x0021
Lock Reporting (LKR) Fault OAM message 0x0058
Alarm Reporting (LDI/AIS) Fault OAM message 0x0058
Remote Defect Indication (RDI) BFD without IP/UDP headers 0x0007
Client Failure Indication PW OAM message with PW status TLV 0x0022
OAM Message Format
For Your Reference
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MPLS-TP OAM LSP/PW Performance Management
RFC 6374: Packet Loss and Delay Measurement for MPLS Networks
RFC 6375:Packet Loss and Delay Measurement Profile for MPLS-TP
Operate over LSP, PW, and Links
Support unidirectional/bidirectional point-to-point and unidirectional point-to-multipoint measurement
Defines two protocols Loss Measurement (LM)
Delay Measurement (DM)
Runs over the LSP and/or the PW Generic Associated Channel (G-ACh)
Need NTP or PTP Network Timestamps for DM accuracy
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LSP Source
LSP Destination
MEP Querier MEP Responder MIP MIP
L1: LM Query
L2: LM Response
MPLS-TP OAM LSP Loss Measurement (LM)
For LM, each “counterstamp” records the count of packets or octets sent or received over the channel prior to the time this message is sent or received
For LM, loss is measured as a delta between successive messages. For example, a loss measurement in the forward direction is computed as
(Q_TxCount[n] – Q_TxCount[n-1]) – (R_RxCount[n] – R_RxCount[n-1]) Thus LM requires a small amount of state at the querier: it retains the counter values in the
most recently received response
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MPLS-TP OAM
Two different modes of LM are supported: ‒ Direct mode LM computes the actual packet loss of the channel via exchange of data-plane
counters ‒ Inferred mode LM computes the loss of a stream of test messages in order to approximate the
channel loss
Direct LM provides ideal loss accounting, but requires hardware “counterstamping” support in platforms with hardware-based forwarding
Inferred LM only provides an approximate indication of loss, but does not require hardware support
The two modes use different G-ACh Channel Types but function identically at the protocol level
Direct LM works only for MPLS-TP LSPs Inferred LM works in both IP/MPLS/MPLS-TE/MPLS-TP
LSP Loss Measurement (LM)
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Loss Measurement (LM) Message Format
Cisco Confidential — Internal Use Only
Field Meaning Flags Query/Response, TC-specific measurement
Control Code Query type or response code
DFlags Data format flags: Packet/octet count, 32/64 counter mode
OTF Origin Timestamp Format
Origin Timestamp Used for sequencing and throughput measurement
Session Identifier / DS Unique Session ID, Diffserv class
MPLS-TP OAM For Your
Reference
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LSP Source
LSP Destination
MEP Querier MEP Responder MIP MIP
T1: DM Query
T3: DM Response
MPLS-TP OAM
1. The querier begins a measurement session by initiating a stream of query messages at a specific rate
2. Time T1: Query message exits the Querier TX port and is stamped with a time or counter value
3. Time T2: Query message enters the Responder RX port and is time- or counter-stamped
4. Responder inspects and processes the query and generates a response message, which is a copy of the Query with the Response flag set
5. Time T3: Response message exits the Responder TX port and is time- or counter-stamped
6. Time T4: Response message enters the Querier RX port and is time- or counter-stamped
7. Querier now has all four data values and can compute a measurement
LSP Delay Measurement (DM)
T2: DM Query
T4: DM Response
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MPLS-TP OAM
The DM protocol supports measurement of one-way channel delay, two-way channel delay, round-trip delay, and packet delay variation
DM can easily be implemented in software but requires hardware timestamp support for good accuracy
The DM protocol supports multiple timestamp formats (e.g. NTP and PTP)
The PTP 64-bit IEEE 1588 version 1 timestamp format has been chosen as the mandatory default
LSP Delay Measurement (DM)
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MPLS-TP OAM Delay Measurement (DM) Message Format
Cisco Confidential — Internal Use Only
Field Meaning Flags Query/Response, TC-specific measurement
Control Code Query type or response code
QTF/RTF Query/Response Timestamp Format
RPTF Responder’s Preferred Timestamp Format
Session Identifier / DS Unique Session ID, Diffserv class
For Your Reference
59
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MEP MEP
MEP MEP
MEP MIP MEP MEP MIP MEP
MPLS-TP Pseudowire OAM
MPLS-TP LSP OAM MPLS-TP LSP OAM
MIP MIP
MPLS-TP OAM Overlay Model Ethernet OAM and MPLS-TP OAM
Notes: All E-OAM Sessions Will Transparently Traverse the MPLS-TP Network Domain The E-OAM Session Can Start at the Attachment Circuit When the Services Starts on the MPLS-TP TPE
MEP* MEP* Ethernet OAM
Operator A Operator B CPE CPE
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MPLS-TP Resiliency
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS-TP Resiliency 1:1 LSP Protection
• Working LSP provisioned as Active Path between two TPE’s
• Protect LSP provisioned as Standby Path between two TPE’s
• Active/Standby home in on same node but different interfaces – Network redundancy
• MIP’s are agnostic to Active/Standby Designations • LSP Fault Detection via BFD, LDI, & Manual APS Switching
• In 1:1 Protection the Standby Path is idle until APS
Working LSP Active LSP
Protect LSP Standby LSP
TPE TPE Attachment Circuit
Attachment Circuit
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS-TP Resiliency 1+1 LSP Protection
• Working LSP provisioned as Active Path between two TPE’s
• Protect LSP provisioned as Standby Path between two TPE’s
• Active/Standby home in on same node but different interfaces – Network redundancy
• MIP’s are agnostic to Active/Standby Designations • LSP Fault Detection via BFD, LDI, & Manual APS Switching
• In 1+1 Protection the Standby Path is active and TPE blocks the standby LSP until APS
Working LSP Active LSP
Protect LSP Standby LSP
TPE TPE Attachment Circuit
Attachment Circuit
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MPLS-TP Resiliency BFD Fault Detection
BFD 9ms Detection Example Asychronous (Non-Echo Mode) BFD Timers Desired Min Tx Interval - 3 msec Desired Min Rx Interval - 3 msec Detect Multiple = 3 (# of Frames Dropped Before DN State Is Declared) Detection Time ~10 msec
• Independent BFD Session running on both working and protect LSP • APS switch is triggered with a loss of 3 BFD Control Packets at the MEP/TPE • MPLS-TP BFD Control Packet will have GAL Label, GE-ACH Header
• BFD timers configuration critical for APS detection times
Working LSP BFD Packet Every 3ms
BFD Packet Every 3ms Protect LSP
TPE TPE Attachment Circuit
Attachment Circuit
X Node, Switch Fabric, Line Card Failure
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MPLS-TP Resiliency Link Down Indication (LDI) Fault Detection
• LSP LDI Generated from MIP
• LSP MEP/TPE receives LDI and triggers protection switching
• MPLS-TP LDI Packet will have GAL Label, GE-ACH Header
• LDI is equivalent to SONET/SDH AIS
TPE TPE Attachment Circuit
Attachment Circuit
X Physical Link Failure
Working LSP
Protect LSP
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS-TP Resiliency Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Alarm Suppression
• LSP AIS Generated from MEP or MIP • AIS is a transient, If persistent BFD will detect failure, IF LDI is disabled or between MPLS-TP domains
• MPLS-TP AIS Packet will have GAL Label, GE-ACH Header
• AIS is transient with no consequent APS actions. This is different from SONET/SDH AIS. MPLS-TP LDI is equivalent to SONET/SDH AIS
TPE TPE Attachment Circuit
Attachment Circuit
X Physical Link Failure
Working LSP
Protect LSP
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS-TP Resiliency System Alarms
Both BFD alarm and LDI alarms are raised for fiber cuts
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IP/MPLS-(TE) & MPLS-TP Interoperability
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
MPLS Interworking
The MPLS PW works over both MPLS-TP and IP/MPLS-(TE).
The PW OAM Header is replaced with the LDP Header when going from static to dynamic
This enables End to End Service Visibility and Management
Pseudo-Wires Form a Natural Bridge
PW Segment over MPLS-TP PW Segement over MPLS/LDP
Core Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS-(TE) Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
S -P E
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP to MPLS-TE Multi-Segment PW Stitching
Core Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS-TE Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
serv instance 10 eth encap default Xconnect 7.7.7.7 99 encapsulation mpls manual pw-class pw-static mpls label 61 42 pseudowire-class pw-static encapsulation mpls protocol none preferred-path interface tunnel-tp 1
6.6.6.6/32
l2 vfi PW-SWITCH point-to-point neighbor 6.6.6.6 99 pw-class mpls_static mpls label 42 61 neighbor 9.9.9.9 66 pw-class mpls pseudowire-class mpls_static encapsulation mpls protocol none
7.7.7.7/32
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
service instance 100 ethernet encapsulation default xconnect 7.7.7.7 66 pw class TE pseudowire-class TE encapsulation mpls preferred-path interface Tunnel1
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
9.9.9.9/32
PW Segement over MPLS/LDP
New IGP Label Change VC ID symmetric TTL Decremented by 1 EXP Bits copied L2 Encapsulation
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MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP to MPLS-TP Multi-Segment PW Stitching
Core Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
serv instance 10 eth encap default Xconnect 7.7.7.7 99 encapsulation mpls manual pw-class pw-static mpls label 61 42 pseudowire-class pw-static encapsulation mpls protocol none preferred-path interface tunnel-tp 1
6.6.6.6/32
l2 vfi PW-SWITCH point-to-point neighbor 6.6.6.6 99 pw-class mpls_static mpls label 42 61 neighbor 9.9.9.9 66 pw-class mpls_static mpls label 43 62 pseudowire-class mpls_static encapsulation mpls protocol none
7.7.7.7/32
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
serv instance 10 eth encap default Xconnect 7.7.7.7 66 encapsulation mpls manual pw-class pw-static mpls label 62 43 pseudowire-class pw-static encapsulation mpls protocol none preferred-path interface tunnel-tp 1
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
9.9.9.9/32
PW Segement over MPLS/LDP
New IGP Label Change VC ID symmetric TTL Decremented by 1 EXP Bits copied L2 Encapsulation
MPLS-TP
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MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP to IP/MPLS Multi-Segment PW Stitching
Core Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS-TE Access Aggregation
Edge
MPLS-TP
serv instance 10 eth encap default Xconnect 7.7.7.7 99 encapsulation mpls manual pw-class pw-static mpls label 61 42 pseudowire-class pw-static encapsulation mpls protocol none preferred-path interface tunnel-tp 1
6.6.6.6/32
l2 vfi PW-SWITCH point-to-point neighbor 6.6.6.6 99 pw-class mpls_static mpls label 42 61 neighbor 9.9.9.9 66 pw-class mpls pseudowire-class mpls_static encapsulation mpls protocol none
7.7.7.7/32
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
service instance 100 ethernet encapsulation default xconnect 7.7.7.7 66 encap mpls
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
9.9.9.9/32
PW Segement over MPLS/LDP
New IGP Label Change VC ID symmetric TTL Decremented by 1 EXP Bits copied L2 Encapsulation
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
PW Segment over MPLS-TP
MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP/MPLS-TE Interoperability
PW Segment over MPLS-TP PW Segement over MPLS/LDP
Core Access Aggregation Edge MPLS-TP IPMPLS-TE/MPLS-TP
Access Aggregation Edge MPLS-TP
MPLS-TP MPLS-TP MPLS-TP
mpls label range 4001 8000 static 16 4000 mpls ldp graceful-restart mpls traffic-eng tunnels no mpls traffic-eng auto-bw timers mpls tp router-id 10.10.10.3 fault-oam refresh-timer 1 wtr-timer 30 ! bfd-template single-hop LSP_BFD_04
interval min-tx 4 min-rx 4 multiplier 3 pseudowire-class PW_TP_13_VPWS encapsulation mpls control-word protocol none preferred-path interface Tunnel-tp13 ! pseudowire-class PW_TE_45_VPWS encapsulation mpls control-word protocol none preferred-path interface Tunnel45
interface TenGigabitEthernet5/3 ip address 10.10.2.3 255.255.255.0 carrier-delay msec 200 mpls ip mpls tp link 1 ipv4 10.10.2.2 no keepalive transport-mode otn bit-transparent opu2e soak link notification 10 ip rsvp bandwidth 10000000 ip rsvp signalling hello graceful-restart l2protocol peer cdp lacp l2protocol forward stp vtp dtp pagp dot1
interface Tunnel-tp13 description Node 1 to Node 3 ip unnumbered Loopback0 logging event link-status no keepalive tp bandwidth 1000000 tp source 10.10.10.3 tp destination 10.10.10.1 bfd LSP_BFD_04 working-lsp out-label 18 out-link 2 in-label 18 lsp-number 0 protect-lsp out-label 19 out-link 1 in-label 19 lsp-number 1 soak link notification 10
interface Tunnel45 ip unnumbered Loopback0 logging event link-status tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng tunnel destination 10.10.10.1 tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority 1 1 tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 1 dynamic tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-selection metric igp soak link notification 10
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MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP/MPLS-TE Interoperability
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
MPLS Interworking MPLS-TP/MPLS-TE Interoperability
75
MPLS-TP Case Studies
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
Asia Pacific PTT POTS Use Case Tier 1
MPLS-TP L1 Lease Line
GE, 10GE, E1, E3
Business Driver
• Growth in Ethernet Lease Line Services, Consolidate Fiber, & Leasing CO Co-location space for out of market services.
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
• Single Product line with Standards Based MPLS-TP.
• Industry leading Space and Power Footprint / High Density GE with Unique Satellite Architecture / 24x10GE Density
• Only Transport Solution that Provides 4:1 Service Protection. MPLS-TP LSP Protection with MPLS-TP PW Redundancy
• Lease Line & Lease LAN Service Flexibility. Sub-Rate GE, Line-Rate GE, & Sub-Rate 10GE
Enterprise
L1 Lease Line
GE, 10GE, E1, E3
Submarine cable
Submarine cable
Enterprise
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
POTS Use Case Tier 2 US
Customer L1/L2
Internal NNI L1
External NNI L1
CSS
Customer L3
CPT 600
ETN
IP//MPLS Backbone
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS
ETN: Ethernet Transport Network CSS: Converged Service Switch L1: Ethernet Lease Line L2: Ethernet Private LAN L3: Layer 3 VPN / Internet
ASR 9010
EVC
Business Driver • Growth in Ethernet Services leads to Packet Transport migration
Cisco Solution and Value Solution:
• CPT Provides compact, scalable and pay as your grow architecture
• Strict transport SLAs for L1/L2 services with MPLS-TP
• Unified MPLS w/ CPT & PW Head-End on ASR9K Simplifies Network Design and Enables L3 Services in ETN
Cisco differentiation Unified MPLS approach with common management and standards based MPLS-TP Solution
PW Head-End Support
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
POTS Use Case Tier 1 Japan IP Core
Backbone
2G/3G/4G Node
Mobile Core Backbone
2G/3G/4G Node
DSLAM
Ethernet
Ethernet
Access Node
Minor Ring
Minor Ring
Major Ring
Service Router
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS EVC
CPT 600
CPT 600
ASR 9010
Business Driver:
- Converge Enterprise, Band and Mobile backhaul to a Single Unified Packet Transport Network Architecture.
- Strict Packet Transport Requirements: (Depth, Height, Width, Power, & Static Provisioning
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
- CPT, ASR 903, & ASR9K Provide E2E Network Architecture
- Advanced and Industry leading MPLS-TP Features and Functionality
Cisco differentiation - Standards based MPLS-TP, Advanced capabilities such as multipoint and Video broadcast on MPLS-TP
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
North America Railway Use Case Tier 1
CPT /w Integrated MSTP
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS
ASR9K
Business Driver
• Provide Packet Services across Train Control Network. (>6,000km fiber network)
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
• CPT Provides an integrated DWDM & MPLS-TP solution to meet space constraints for trackside nodes.
• Strict Transport SLAs for Train Control and VOIP Services with MPLS-TP.
• Unified MPLS with ASR9K & CPT Provides Service Flexibility and Network Availability.
ASR9K
IP/MPLS
IP Core Backbone
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
European PTT POTS Use Case Tier 1
Enterprise A
CPT 600 /w Integrated MSTP
MPLS-TP L1 Lease Line
GE, 10GE, E1, E3
Business Driver
• Growth in Ethernet Lease Line Services, Consolidate Fiber, & Leasing CO Co-location space for out of market services.
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
• Single Product line with Standards Based MPLS-TP and integrated DWDM.
• Industry leading Space and Power Footprint.
• Lease Line Service Flexibility. E1, E3, Sub-Rate GE, Line-Rate GE, & Sub-Rate 10GE
Enterprise B
Enterprise C
Enterprise A
Enterprise B
Enterprise C
L1 Lease Line
GE, 10GE, E1, E3
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
North America Mobile Backhaul Tier 2
Wholesale L1/L2
ATT
Verizon
ATT
CPT 600
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS EVC
Verizon
ASR9K
2G/3G/4G Node
2G/3G/4G Node
IP RAN
Wholesale L1/L2
Cell Tower
Business Driver
• Growth in Ethernet Services leads to Packet Transport migration.
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
• CPT Provides compact, scalable and pay as your grow architecture.
• Strict transport SLAs for L1/L2 services with MPLS-TP.
• Unified MPLS w/ CPT & PW Head-End on ASR9K Simplifies Network Design and Enables L3 Services in ETN.
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© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
Australian Utility Use Case Smart Grid
Sub-Station
CPT 600
MPLS-TP VPWS
ASR9K
IP/MPLS
Tele-Protection & SCADA
Voice, Video, Data
Business Driver
• Next Generation Converged Network to support Smart Metering, VOIP, Video Surveillance & IP Data Services
Cisco Solution and Value Proposition:
• MPLS-TP insures Strict Latency & Bandwidth SLA’s are meet for Teleprotection requirements
• Unified MPLS End to End Architecture
Sub-Station
Radio
Sub-Station
Sub-Station
Sub-Station
IP/MPLS
VPWS Tele-Protection
& SCADA
Voice, Video, Data
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MPLS-TP Standards Update
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
1: [RFC 5317]: Joint Working Team (JWT) Report on MPLS Architectural Considerations for a Transport Profile, Feb. 2009.
Definition of MPLS “Transport Profile” (MPLS-TP) protocols, based on ITU-T requirements
Note: IETF decided to support single MPLS-TP OAM solution. IETF Chair stated at IETF 79 (11/2010) and IETF 80 (3/2011)
Derive packet transport requirements
Integration of IETF MPLS-TP definition into transport network recommendations
IETF and ITU-T agreed to work together and bring transport requirements into the IETF and extend IETF MPLS forwarding, OAM, survivability, network management, and control plane protocols to meet those requirements through the IETF Standards Process.[RFC5317]1
ITU-T withdrawal of T-MPLS draft G.8114 in Jan. 2008.
IETF and ITU-T Joint Work on MPLS-TP For Your
Reference
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IETF MPLS-TP General Definitions MPLS-TP IETF Standards Update (1)
For Your Reference
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IETF MPLS-TP Data Plane, Protection Definitions MPLS-TP IETF Standards Update (2)
For Your Reference
87
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
88
IETF MPLS-TP OAM Protocol Definitions MPLS-TP IETF Standards Update (3)
For Your Reference
88
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
Summary
Where is Ethernet Going?
MPLS-TP Pre-Requisite
MPLS-TP Tunnel (LSP) Provisioning
MPLS-TP Single Segment Pseudo-Wire (PW) Provisioning
MPLS-TP OAM
MPLS-TP Resiliency
IP/MPLS-(TE) & MPLS-TP Interoperability
MPLS-TP Case Studies
MPLS-TP Standards Update
Summary
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Glossary Of Terms
90
MPLS-TP: Multi Protocol Label Switching Transport Profile
OAM: Operations, Administration and Management
QoS: Quality of service
SONET: Synchronous Optical Networking
SDH: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
PW: Pseudowire
LSP: Label Switch Path
GAL: Generic Associated Channel Label
ACH: Associated Channel Header
DCN: Data Communication Network
BFD: Bi-Directional Forward Detection
CIR: Committed Info Rate
PIR: Peak Info Rate (PIR)
AC: Attachment Circuit
LDI: Link Down Indication
AIS: Alarm Indication Signal
POTS: Packet Optical Transport System
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKSPG-2023 Cisco Public
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Final Thoughts
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