c entral d ogma of m olecular b iology dna transcription and translation

CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGYDNA Transcription and Translation

THE CENTRAL DOGMADNA is safe in the NUCLEUS,

protected by the nuclear membraneA gene is copied (transcribed) into

mRNA {{messenger RNA}}mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to

a ribosome (rRNA or ribsomal RNA), where the instructions of the mRNA are read and the protein is constructed (translated).

Materials (amino acids) are brought to the ribosome by tRNA {{transfer RNA}}

CENTRAL DOGMA

Nucleus Ribosomes

DNA mRNA mRNA tRNAAmino Acids

Proteins

Transcription Translation(being transcribed) (being translated)

DNA VS. RNA

SOME VOCABULARY

Transcription: when DNA is copied onto a complementary strand of mRNA

Translation: the construction of a protein from the instructions of the mRNA. This happens at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Here mRNA codons match with tRNA anticodons to bring amino acids.

Codon: a sequence of 3 nucleotides that specify a particular amino acid in the mRNA

Anticodon: the complementary sequence of 3 nucleotides on tRNA matched to mRNA

PRACTICE MAKING A PROTEIN

DNA: TAC AAA GGC GAT GCA ATT

mRNA:{{tRNA anti-codons}}

Amino acids:

(Use p. 172 in your textbook)

AUG UUU CCG CUA CGU UAA