cardiovascular & respiratory systems. figure 23.3b to lung right atrium from lung semilunar...

Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems

Figure 23.3B

To lung

Right atrium

From lung

Semilunarvalve

Atrioventricular(AV) valve

To lung

Left atrium

From lung

Semilunarvalve

Atrioventricular(AV) valve

Left ventricle

Right ventricle

Figure 23.4_s1

Diastole

The heartis relaxed.

The semilunarvalves areclosed.

The AV valves are open.

0.4 sec

1

Figure 23.4_s2

Diastole Systole

The heartis relaxed.

The semilunarvalves areclosed.

The atriacontract.

The AV valves are open.

0.4 sec

0.1 sec

2

1

Figure 23.4_s3

Diastole Systole

The heartis relaxed.

The semilunarvalves areclosed.

The atriacontract.

The ventriclescontract.

The semilunarvalves are open.

The AV valvesare closed.

The AV valves are open.

0.4 sec0.3 sec

0.1 sec

2

3

1

Figure 23.9_s1

Typical bloodpressure:120 systolic70 diastolic

Rubber cuffinflated with air

Artery Arteryclosed

21

Pressure in the cuffabove 120

120

Figure 23.9_s2

Typical bloodpressure:120 systolic70 diastolic

Rubber cuffinflated with air

Artery Arteryclosed

Pressure in the cuffabove 120

Pressure in the cuffat 120

Soundsaudiblein thestethoscope

21 3

120 120

Figure 23.9_s3

Typical bloodpressure:120 systolic70 diastolic

Rubber cuffinflated with air

Artery Arteryclosed

120 12070

Pressure in the cuffabove 120

Pressure in the cuffat 120

Pressure in the cuffat 70

Soundsaudiblein thestethoscope

Soundsstop

21 3 4

Figure 23.5A

31 2 4

ECGApex

Rightatrium

SA node(pacemaker) AV node Specialized

muscle fibers

Signals from theSA node spreadthrough the atria.

Signals aredelayed at theAV node.

Specialized musclefibers pass signalsto the heart apex.

Signals spreadthroughout theventricles.

p. 1054

Figure 23.14A_s3

321 Platelets adhere. A platelet plugforms.

A fibrin clotforms.

Epithelium

Connectivetissue

Platelet

Plateletplug

Fibrin clot

Figure 23.7B

Capillary

Interstitialfluid

Tissuecell

Diffusion ofmolecules

Figure 23.11A

Capillary wall

Capillary lumen

Interstitial fluid

Nucleus ofepithelial cell

Clefts betweenthe cells

Muscle cell

Figure 23.11B

Tissue cells

Fluid enters a lymph vessel

Venousend

Osmoticpressure

Bloodpressure

Arterialend

Interstitialfluid

Net fluid movementout of the capillary

Figure 22.1

Lung

Breathing

Heart

O2

CO2

Bloodvessels

1

2

CirculatorySystem

Transportof gases bythe circulatorysystem

Mitochondria

Cell

CO2

O2

Capillary

Exchange ofgases withbody cells

3

p. 1033

Figure 22.11

Iron atom

Polypeptide chainHeme group

O2 loadedin lungs

O2 unloadedin tissues

O2

O2

p. 1038

p. 1038

Figure 22.9_s3

Cerebrospinalfluid

Medulla

Brain

Nerve signalstrigger contractionof the rib musclesand diaphragm.

1

Diaphragm

Rib muscles

Breathing controlcenter respondsto the pH of bloodand cerebrospinal fluid.

2

Heart

CO2 and O2

sensors in the aorta

Nerve signalsindicate CO2

and O2 levels.

3