cassava weed management project progress presentation

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Sustainable Weed Management Technologies for Cassava Systems in

Nigeria The Journey so far

Alfred Dixon et al.

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1. Impact of weeds2. Project goal, components & activities3. Project partners4. Updates5. Challenges6. Looking ahead

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Impact of Weeds in Cassava Weeds causes low productivity of

cassava in Africa.

Hand weeding is predominant weed control practice.

Farmers weed 3X, but more where Imperata, Cyperus spp, etc. are predominant.

Weeding takes 50 to 80% of total labor budget.

Women do >90% of the hand-weeding

69% of farm children (ages of 5-14) skip classes in school and used in weeding.

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Project Goal and Components

Goal Help smallholder cassava growers achieve sustainable

increases in their productivity and incomes through the development and adoption of improved weed control methods.

Components Agronomic manipulations including mechanical weeding. Herbicide screening for efficacy and economic merit. Integrated weed management that is effective and

sustainable. Extension (including training on safe use of herbicides). Project Management, including communications, scaling up,

M&E, nd project management capacity building.

Duration: 5 Years

Beneficiaries: 125,000 households

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Mechanical weeding:

Short handle hoeMotorized weeder

Brush cutterLong handle hoe

Herbicide screening:

Pre –emergence herbicides

Post –emergence herbicides

Agronomic practices:

TillageCassava variety

Plant densityFertilization

Intercrop

On-farm trials, demonstrations:

Raising awareness for weed control

Raising awareness for safety of sprayers

Training of trainers

Training of spray service providers

Project Activities

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Project PartnersDr Adeyemi Olojede & Team

FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE ABEOKUTA

Dr P. Olorunmaiye & Team

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MAKURDI

Dr Hughes Usman & Team

NAFDAC, NESREA, SON, FMARD, State ADPs, CropLife Nigeria, Bayer AG, Valent, Syngenta, Monsanto, Saro AgroSciences

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Updates: Agronomy trials

Tillage [MT, Ridge]. Variety [TMS 30572 {branching}, TME

419 {erect}]. Cassava density [10, 000 to 25, 000

plants/ha]. Cropping System [Sole,

Cassava/Maize]. Fertilizer [-Fertilizer, +Fertilizer]. 8 sites [in Abia, Ogun, Oyo, Benue states]

2 seasons & 2 years

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Cum

ulat

ive

Wee

d dr

y m

atte

r (g

ram

/m2 )

Ido

Flat

Ridge

Moniya

Intercrop

Mono-crop

TME419

TMS30572

Fertilizer

Nil

p<0.0001 ns

p<0.0001

nsns

Site SystemVarietyFertilizerTillageCumulative weed biomass by factor in a second season planted cassava crop.

Weed Biomass

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Results of Agronomy trials (Av: all sites)

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Mechanical weeding trials On-station field trials in 2015: 4 sites on ridged and flat soilEquipment: spike, manual rotary hoe, cone hoe, small and large mantis weeders and brush cutter . On-station field trials in 2016:4 sites on ridged and flat land with gender includedEquipment: Small & Large mantis, brush cutter & long handle hoe. On-farm demonstration started in

2016:8 sites on ridged and flat soil with gender included.Four treatments:

Large mantis Small mantis Long handle hoe Short handle hoe (farmer

practice)

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Updates on results of mechanical weeding presented at Workshop yesterday (Abeokuta)

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Herbicide selection in 2014

• Chemical

• Chemical companies

• CropLife Nigeria• National Partners• NAFDAC• NESREA• FMARD• Purdue University

Using due

diligence

2014

22 Pre

19 Post

E

2015

12 Pre

6 Post

E

BayerSyngentaValentFMCMonsantoBASFSaro AgroSciencesDuPont

4 locations2 seasons (Ibadan)49 PreE herbicides trt. (3 reps)33 PostE herbicides trt. (3 reps)

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Sencor Plus (2L/ha) at 10WAT without post emergence treatment

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Merlin Total (0.5L/ha) at 10WAT without post emergence treatment

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Gardoprim Plus Gold (5L/ha) at 10WAT without post emergence treatment

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Fierce (0.32kg/ha) at 10WAT without post emergence treatment

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On-farm demonstration trials in 2016

50 sites

25 cassava/Maize sites(Abia = 6; Benue = 6, Ogun=6,

Oyo=7)25 Cassava mono crop sites

(Abia = 6; Benue = 6, Ogun=6, Oyo=7)

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Maize harvest from cas/maz intercrop: 7 sites

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FPractice

NoPre

Movon

Fierce

GardoPrim

Primextra

Lagon

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

704.2

927.2

1,077.2

1,184.5

1,238.1

1,284.1

1,296.7

Price ($) of fresh maize ha-1

Revenue from sales of fresh maize after Pre-emergenceE herbicides in cass/maz intercrop: 7 sites [Post]

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Farmer field day

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Formation of Spray Service Providers in 50 sites at community level

Spray Service Providers

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50 sites X 1000 farmers = 50,000 farmers

One farm, one EA

20 SSP reach are organized

20 SSP reach 50 farmers per season= 1000

Projected reach per site via SSP in 2016

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Interactions with Private sector in-country

Monsanto participated in our FFD

Syngenta participated in our FFD

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Social Media

Contacts

Impressions

Page

Members

Uploads

Pins

Total views

Downloads

Total

LinkedIn 1,389

1,389

Twitter 66,374

66,374

Facebook 547

311

858

Flickr 80 107 107Pinterest 11

05,199 5,309

Slide share

7,741 114 7,855

YouTube 10 330 330Website 13 1,45

61,456

Total 1,389

66,374

547

311

103 110

13,377

1,570

83,678

Website: www.cassavaweeds.org

Cumulative Project reach through social media

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Weed control method

Tuber yield (t/ha)

Crop value

Weeding cost

Marging over weeding cost

Marging over HW

Margin

$/ha $/ha $/ha $/ha %

Glyphosate 24.8 629 74 556 251 83

HWA 3 Farmer Practice

20.8 507 203 304 0 0

Partial budget analysis to determine margins over weed management treatment in cassava in Imperata dominated field in Nigeria. Source: Chikoye et al., 2006.

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WhatsApp (cassava matters) 256 farmers/stakeholders

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Persons reached in newspapers

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Challenges1. Availability of herbicides: working with

herbicides companies both in-country and outside to ensure availability.

2. Availability of mechanical weeders: working with Nigerian engineers/fabricators to adapt and produce locally made weeders in-country.

3. Agrochemical adulteration: working with FMARD and NAFDAC and SON and advise to farmers to buy from reputable companies and their agents

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Intensify screening effort of mechanical weeding machines for small and large scale cassava farms.

Work with mechanization unit in IITA and a group of identified Nigerian Engineers and Fabricators for production of motorized weeding machines.

Promote and out-scale few pre and post emergence herbicides for effective weed control in cassava.

Promote integrated weed control options and GAP for optimum growth and increased productivity of cassava.

Looking ahead

Locally fabricated Rotary Weeder

Wiggle weeder

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Thank you for listening