ce 480 final presentation

CE 480PROJECTSPRING 2015By:

Fahad Alhargan

Harsha Pasupuleti

Yojitha

Outlines:

• INTRODUCTION (objectives, SIUE WWTP, and solids

test)

• METHEODLOGY(SAMPLING, QA/QC,…)

• RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

• SLUDGE PRODUCTION

• ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

• PROBLEMS

• QUESTIONS

Introduction

• Municipal WW has solid particles,

organic and inorganic

• Discharge effects; public health and

environment

• WWTP removes contaminates

• Solids, SS, is one of the main

contaminates to be reduced

Introduction

Objective

• Solids reduction in each unit at SIUE

WWTP

• Overall Solids reduction in the plant

• Sludge produced by SIUE WWTP,

represents 50% of operating $

SIUE Wastewater Treatment Plant (SIUE WWTP)

• Location• Advanced wastewater

treatment plant• built in 1963• Treated WW is pumped to

Cougar Lake• The sludge produced used for

agricultural application• Qave =280,000 gal/day,

weekdays < 600,000

SIUE WWTP

SIUE WWTP

Solids Determination

• To know; type of WW dealing with

• Treatment needed

• Comply with discharge requirements

• Ruse

Solids Determination

• Total Solids (TS):TSS +TDS

• Total Suspended Solids (TSS): solids remaining in

the filter after drying at 103 to 105 C.⁰

• Total Volatile Solids (TVS) or Total Volatile

Suspended Solids (TVSS): solids evaporate at 550 C. ⁰

indicate the presence of organic matter in wastewater.

• Total Fixed Solids (TFS) or Total Fixed Suspended

Solids: residual after ignition at 550 C, inorganic ⁰

matter.

METHODOLOGY

Sample Collection

• Grab Sampling

• Samples were collected from SIUE wastewater treatment

plant

• Morning and afternoon

• Collected from 5 locations

SIUE WWTP

METHODOLOGY

• Gravimetric method

• Method 2540(APHA, 1998)

METHODOLOGYMaterials

• Suction flasks

• Graduated cylinders

• Distilled water

• Trays

• Tongs

• Labeled evaporating dishes

• Labeled crucibles

• Fisher glass fiber filters (G6)

• Electronic Balance

• Desiccator

• Muffle furnace

METHODOLOGY

Procedure – Total Solids • Prepare the dishes• Weigh empty dishes on electronic balance which is Tare weight(W1)

• Take the sample into dishes.• S2= 50ml

• S3= 50ml

• S4= 50ml

• S5= 100ml

• S6= 150ml

• Evaporate the sample by heating in oven between 1030C to 1050C.• Cool the dishes gradually in dessicator.• Weigh the dish which consists of residue of sample is known as

gross weight (W2).

METHODOLOGY

CALCULATION

Total Solids (mg/L) = (W2 – W1) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W1 = Tare weight in grams

W2 = Gross weight in grams

METHODOLOGY

PROCEDURE- Total Volatile Solids

• Place the dish with sample in muffle furnace at 5500C for

about 1hour.

• Cool the samples by placing them in dessicators.

• Weigh the dish with fixed solids-gross weight at

5500C(W3)

METHODOLOGYCALCULATION

Total Fixed solids(mg/L) = (W3 – W1) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W3= Gross weight @5500C in grams

W1= Tare weight in grams

Total Volatile Solids = (W2 – W3) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W3= Gross weight @5500C in grams

W2= Tare weigh @1030C in grams

METHODOLOGYPROCEDURE – Total Suspended Solids

• Prepare the crucibles • Place the filter on rough side in the crucible and weigh the crucibles (W1) .

• Place the crucibles on the vacuum flask setup.• Pour the samples into crucibles

• S2= 25ml and 50ml

• S3= 30ml and 50ml

• S4= 10ml and 50ml

• S5= 100ml and 150ml

• S6= 150ml, 250ml and 500ml

• Apply vacuum and rinse the graduated cylinder• Release vacuum and remove crucible from the assembly.• Place the crucibles in oven at 1030C till the filter gets dried up• Use tongs to remove the crucibles from oven and place them in

dessicator for cooling and then weigh the crucibles (W2)

METHODOLOGY

CALCULATION

Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) = (W2 – W1) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W1 = Tare weight of crucible in grams

W2 = empty crucible + dry filter in grams

METHODOLOGY

Procedure- Total Volatile Suspended Solids

• Put the crucibles with filter in muffle furnace at 5500C for about 1hour

• Cool the crucibles by placing them in dessicator.

• Weigh the crucible (W3)

METHODOLOGY

CALCULATION

Total Fixed Suspended solids(mg/L) = (W3 – W1) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W3= Gross weight @5500C in grams

W1= Tare weight in grams

Total Volatile Suspended Solids = (W2 – W3) ×10^6• Volume of sample(ml)

W3= Gross weight @5500C in grams

W2= Tare weigh @1030C in grams

METHODOLOGY• Procedure – Settlement Test

• 1000ml of sample (S4) is taken into a graduated cylinder.

• The graduated cylinder is left a side for 30minutes without disturbing.

• The sludge is settled to a certain mark on the graduated cylinder.

METHODOLOGY

The volume of sludge is calculated

SVI, ml/g = Volume of sludge settled

MLSS

MLSS= Mix liquor suspended solids

METHODOLOGY

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

To ensure Quality assurance:

• Samples’ labels • Samples forms that contain full details about each sample Duplicate samples • Equipment calibration• Distilled water test • Most of the experiments was done in the same day of taking the samples • At the end of each experiment

SIUE Wastewater Treatment units:

Primary treatment

Primary clarifier

Screening

Secondary treatment

Aeration Basin

Secondary Clarifier

Chlorine contact tank

Tertiary treatment

Sand Filter

SIUE Wastewater Treatment units

Primary Treatment

• Removal of a portion of suspended solids and

organic matter from the wastewater.

• Consists of Screening and Primary clarifier

SIUE Wastewater Treatment Units

Primary Treatment

Screening

Large solid particles present in the wastewater are

removed

Clarifier

Removal of the solids and BOD present in the water

through sedimentation. Also remove the suspended solids

present in the wastewater through this process.

SIUE Wastewater Treatment units

RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS

• Samples were collected from S2 and S3.

• The total solids and total suspended solids were determined for these samples.

• The average total solids reduced from 1520 mg/L to 1117 mg/L.

• 27% of the total solids are removed from the wastewater.

• The average total suspended solids were reduced from 255 mg/L to 68 mg/L.

• 73% of total suspended solids entering the primary clarifier are removed during

this process.

•

SIUE Wastewater Treatment Units

Secondary treatment

Aeration Basin:

Oxygen is supplied to help the growth of microorganisms that feed on pollutants and form flocs.

Secondary clarifier:

The flocs and solid particles are removed through sedimentation.

SIUE Wastewater Treatment UnitsResults and Discussion

• Samples are collected from S3, S4 and S5

• The total solids, total suspended solids and sludge volume index were determined for

these samples.

• The average total solids reduced from mg/L to mg/L.

• % of the total solids are removed from the wastewater.

• The average total suspended solids were reduced from mg/L to mg/L.

• 92% of total suspended solids entering the primary clarifier are removed during this

process.

• The average sludge volume index is 85 ml/g.

• Range is 50 ml/g to 100 ml/g.

Sludge Volume Index

SVI = (Volume of sludge settled)

MLSS• = 210ml/L×10^3

2472.5mg/L

= 85 ml/G

SIUE Wastewater Treatment Units

Tertiary treatment

• Filter building:

Sand filters remove remaining suspended solids through filtration

SIUE Wastewater Treatment UnitsResults and Discussion

• Samples were collected from S5 and S6.

• The total solids and total suspended solids were determined for these

samples.

• The average total solids reduced from mg/L to mg/L.

• % of the total solids are removed from the wastewater.

• The average total suspended solids were reduced from mg/L to mg/L.

• % of total suspended solids entering the primary clarifier are removed

during this process.

Sludge Production and Mass Balance

• (TSSsludge x QSludge)+( TSSeffluent x Q Effluent)= (TSS influent x Q Influent )

• Qsludge , TSSeffluent , Q Effluent , TSS influent , Q Influent √

• TSSsludge = 23, 621mg/L

• Sludge production, lb/day = = 591 lb/day

SIUE WWTP sludge= 574 to 800 lb/day

Anaerobic Digestion

• 3000 gallons/ day, pumped to, primary

and secondary digester

• Storage is 468,000 gallons

• Methane produced for the heat

exchanger

• No enough methane for other uses

• Digested sludge applies agriculture land

every 167 days

Anaerobic Digester

PROBLEMS

Conclusion

• Discharge limits for solids, permit or EPA

• Morning and afternoon difference

• Primary treatment reduced 73%

• Secondary treatment 92%.

• tertiary treatment 73%

• Overall reduction 41% TS and 99.4% TSS

• Sludge production 591 lb/day

• Anaerobic digestion, methane produced

QUESTIONS

????????????

MORNING RESULTS

AFTERNOON RESULTS

Averages

Sludge production:

TSSsludge x QSludge + TSSeffluent x Q Effluent = TSS influent x Q

Influent

• TSSsludge = 23, 621mg/L

• Sludge production, lb/day = 591 lb/day

Range according to SIUE wastewater treatment plant’s which was given to us by operator Mr. John

23,000 to 32,000 mg/L

Common range for raw sludge plus waste activated sludge:

20,000 mg/L to 50,000 mg/L