cell theory: 1. all living things are composed of cells. 2. cells are the basic units of structure...

CELL THEORY:

1. All living things are composed of cells.

2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

3. All cells are produced from other cells.

What’s Inside an Animal Cell?

What are organelles?

• Tiny structures inside a cell.

• They carry out specific jobs within the cell.

• Kind of like organs for a cell.

CELL MEMBRANE

• The cell membrane is the outer doors of the cell.

FUNCTIONS:

• It lets things in and out of the cell

• It holds everything together.

CYTOPLASM

• A jelly-like fluid that contains all of the organelles of the cell.

FUNCTIONS:

• Holds all the organelles inside of the cell in a moving fluid.

CYTOPLASM

CELL MEMBRANE

NUCLEUS

• The “brains” or control center of the cell.

Nucleus

Rough ER

Nucleolus

• A small oval structure in the Nucleus that makes Ribosomes.

FUNCTIONS:

• To make Ribosomes.

NUCLEUS = the whole peachNUCLEOLUS = the pit

VACUOLES

• Large water-filled sacs floating in the Cytoplasm.

FUNCTIONS:

• Store food and other materials needed by the cell.

VACUOLE

MITOCHONDRIA

• Rod-shaped structures found in the Cytoplasm.

FUNCTIONS:

• They convert food energy into energy the other organelles use to do their job. “POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL”

MITOCHONDRIA

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

• A maze of passageways in the Cytoplasm.

TWO KINDS OF ER IN ANIMAL CELLS:

1. Rough ER – Have Ribosomes attached

2. Smooth ER – No Ribosomes attached

FUNCTIONS:• To carry proteins and other materials from one

part of the cell to other parts.• Many of the cell’s chemical reactions occur

here.

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUMR

OU

GH

ER

SM

OO

TH

ER

LYSOSOMES

• Small round structures found in the Cytoplasm. They contain digestive enzymes.

• FUNCTIONS:

• They break down materials with their digestive enzymes.

LYSOSOMES

Chemicals

RIBOSOMES

• Small grain-like bodies found on the Rough ER and floating around the Cytoplasm. They are like protein factories. There are more ribosomes in a cell that any other organelle.

FUNCTIONS:

• They make Proteins

A Whole Ribosome

GOLGI COMPLEX

• Flattened sacs and tubes found in the Cytoplasm.

FUNCTIONS:

• Receives proteins from other Smooth ER.

• Packages the proteins up.

• Sends them to other parts of the cell.

GOLGI COMPLEX

ORGANELLES IN AN ANIMAL CELL

• EUKARYOTIC CELL – HAS A NUCLEUS

• PROKARYOTIC CELL – DOES NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS