central nervous system organization of the central nervous system: l1 faisal i. mohammed, md, phd. 1

Central Nervous SystemOrganization of the Central nervous system: L1

Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD.

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Neurophysiology _________________ Textbooks: Principle of Anatomy and Physiology, .

12th edition 2009 by G.J Tortora and B.H. Derickson 13th edition 2011 by G.J Tortora and B.H. Derickson

No. of Topic Page in the text Hours Tortora 12th 13th 1 Introduction: Organization 425-428 448-450 of CNS 461-467 492-500 2 Spinal cord /Reflexes 482-489 514-521 3 Spinal cord/ Sensory and 480-481 512-514 Motor tracts 578-588 615-624 4. Brainstem and Cerebrospinal 496-507 528-541 Fluid 5. Cerebellum, and basal ganglia 507-522 541-556 6-7 Thalamus, hypothalamus and Cerebral cortex / functional areas 7-8. Sensation, pain sleep and memory 570-578 606-615 590-592 627-629 9 Vision 604-520 642-656 10 Vision 604-520 11 Hearing and equilibrium 620-632 656-671 12 Smell and Taste 599-604 636-642 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD Email: fmmed@ju.edu.jo

Objectives:

Students should be able to:Give an overview of the nervous system functionCompare the nervous and endocrine systemList the parts of the CNSList the divisions of CNSDescribe the general structure of the functional unit

of the CNSGive and overview of the spinal cord structure

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Overview of the Nervous System

The nervous system, along with the endocrine system, helps to keep controlled conditions within limits that maintain health and helps to maintain homeostasis.

The nervous system is responsible for all our behaviors, memories, and movements.

The branch of medical science that deals with the normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system is called neurology.

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Comparison between Nervous and Endocrine Control System

Nervous system is fast compared to endocrineNervous system uses Action Potentials compared to

chemicals (Hormones) the endocrine system usesNervous system have low gain compared to very high

gain for the Endocrine system

Nervous system acts on the effectors (skeletal muscle or glands) but endocrine acts on the metabolic pathways

Error

CorrectionGain

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Functions of Nervous System

Sensory function: to sense changes in the internal and external environment through sensory receptors. Sensory (afferent) neurons serve this function.

Integrative function: to analyze the sensory information, store some aspects, and make decisions regarding appropriate behaviors. Association or interneurons serve this function.

Motor function is to respond to stimuli by initiating action. Motor(efferent) neurons serve this function.

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Central Nervous System compared to Computer system

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SomatosensoryAxis of the

Nervous System

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Skeletal Motor Nerve Axis of the Nervous System

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Nervous System Divisions

Central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of cranial and spinal nerves that contain

both sensory and motor fibers connects CNS to muscles, glands & all sensory

receptors

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Functional Unit (Neuron)

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Organization of the Nervous System

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The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

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Spinal Cord Anatomy

Protective structures: Vertebral column and the meninges protect the

spinal cord and provide physical stability. a. Dura mater –outer layer b. Arachnoid – middle layer c. Pia mater – inner most layer

Epidural space, subdural space and Subarachnoid space – cerebrospinal fluid runs

through this space15

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