ceramic microfiltration; a novel and compact process for the...
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European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Ceramic microfiltration; a novel and compact process for the treatment of surface water
Chris Rockey
South West Water
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Contents
•Motive and opportunity
• ILCA and Ceramic
microfiltration
• DOC, membrane fouling
and DBPs
• Full scale application
2
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Acknowledgement
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Who We Serve
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Motive
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Opportunity
• Previous research at
Mayflower
• DOC2C’s goals
• Need to upgrade the
existing treatment facility
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Treatment goals...
• Absolute Barrier to Cryptosporidium
• DOC / disinfection by product reductions
• Very compact, forward looking design
• Highly automatable, robust and efficient process
• Environmental impact/sustainability
• Keep consumer bills down in long term
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Ceramic membranes
• Filtration area 25m2 , 180mm x 1500mm
• Size of monolith cost effective
• Al2O3 base layer, mysterious top layer = 0.1um
• Close to 100 plants, no integrity failures
• High solids loading /algal laden source??
•Mechanical wash at high pressure
• Chemical cleaning options?
• Cost and recovery issues when applied traditionally
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Membrane fouling (previous research)
• Most important remove
high MW compounds
within DOC
• Good removal of these
fractions lead to reduced /
acceptable fouling
• Successful with coagulation
for high SUVA river sources
• What about low SUVA/high
algae sources?
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Raw water algae concentrations...
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
15
-02
-20
15
06
-04
-20
15
26
-05
-20
15
15
-07
-20
15
03
-09
-20
15
23
-10
-20
15
12
-12
-20
15
31
-01
-20
16
To
tal
Alg
ae
(C
ell
s/m
l)
Date
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
Anabeana sp. Gomphosphaeria sp.
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Pilot process
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12 months of piloting testing
• 23 membrane test runs
• Membrane cleaning
• PACl vs. ferric sulphate
• DOC removal and DBPFP
• O3 mini CIP (10 min cleans) and prolonged CIP
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Critical flux testing
a) 150 lmh low algal loading
b) 200 lmh low algal loading
c) 200 lmh high algal loading
d) 250 lmh high algal loading
Adapted from Floris et al. 2017
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Alternative CIP approach
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Sp
ecif
ic F
lux
(lm
h/B
ar
at
10
°C)
CIP circulation time (minutes)
O3 CIP ~10mg/l
Caustic NaOCl CIP pH
12 1000mg/l
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Ozone vs chlorine CEB’s
15
0
50
100
150
200
250
10-12-2016 12-12-2016 14-12-2016 16-12-2016 18-12-2016 20-12-2016
TM
P (
kP
a)
Date
Ozone CEBs Chlorine CEBs
CoagulationpH out of range
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LC-OCD organic removal
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
OC
D r
ela
tiv
e s
ign
al
resp
on
se
Retention time (minute)
Argal raw water
WTW Filtered
CeraMac Outlet PACl
CeraMac Outlet Ferric
Biopolymers - >20000Daltons
Humic Substances (HS) - ~1000 Daltons
Building Blocks- 300-550 Daltons
LMW acids / HS - <350 Daltons
LMW Neutrals <350 Daltons
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
By products
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
0
50
100
150
200
250
Argal Raw WTW Combined Filtered CeraMac Permeate PACl CeraMac Permeate Ferric
DO
C (
mg
/l)
TH
MF
P (
µg
/l)
Sampling Point
Total THMFP (µg/l) DOC (mg/l)
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Footprint reduction and buildability
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Acknowledgments...
European Regional Development FundWATER. VANDAAG EN MORGEN
Thank you / any questions
Good, safe, drinking water that has the trust of our
consumers
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