chap 2 cell hana
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Chapter 2 :
cell as a unit of
life
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This house is made up of many
repeating small units ofbricks
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Similarly, a living organism such as
plant also is made up of small units
called CELLS.
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What is our body made up
of ??? Our body is made
up of million of
cells.
These cells havedifferent shape and
sizes. Some are
long while others
are short. Cells may
be round, square or
other shapes.
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We need an instrument called amicroscope to observe cells.
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Microscope
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General structure ofan
animalcell Animal cells have
i. Protoplasm (nucleus and cytoplasm)
ii. Cell membrane
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Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Protoplasm
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Lets try this !
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P
Q
R
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
S
Protoplasm
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General structure of a plant
cell
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Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast
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P:
Q:
R:
S:
T:
U:
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Discussion (ms 29)
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cell membrane
Cell wall
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Nucleus Controls theactivities of the
cellCytoplasm Stores dissolved substance for
thecell
Chloroplast Makes chlorophyll for
photosynthesis
Vacuole Stores cell sap
Cell
membrane
Controls themovement of
waterand dissolved
substances inand out of the
cell
Cell wallMaintains the shape of thecell
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Ms 30
Plants and animal cells are made upofcells
Predict whether our body is made up
of cells
Yes, our body is made up of differentkinds of cells
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Conclusion (ms 30)
Application (ms 30)
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UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
Uni = one
Made up ofonecellonly
Very tiny & can only be seen under
microscope
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Examples: Amoeba, paramecium,
chlamydomonas, yeast
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Unicellular organism
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Multicellular organism
Made up ofmore than onecell
Various in sizes
Example : Earthworm, hydra,
spirogyra,
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Practical book page 31.
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2.What do you observe about the
size and shape of themicroorganisms you see under the
microscope?
The microorganisms are of different
sizes and shapes
3. Examples:
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Unicellular
microorganism
Multicellular
microorganism
Amoeba Hydra
Euglena Spirogyra
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Microorganisms can be observedunder the microscope
Some microorganisms are unicellular
and some are multicellular
Bacteria: cause decay anddecompose organic matter
Viruses: Used in making some
vaccines 22
Conclusion (ms 32)
Application (ms 32)
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Practical book page 33
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Organisation of Cells in
the Human Body
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All organisms including humanbeings are built from basic unit called
cells
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CELLS NAME FUNCTIONS
1.
Muscle cells They cause thebones tomove by contracting.
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CELLS NAME FUNCTIONS
2.
Whiteblood cells Kill foreignbodies
such as bacteriaintheblood
3.
Red blood cellsThey transport
oxygenin theblood
4.
Epithelial cells They transportoxygenin theblood
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CELLS NAME FUNCTIONS
5.
Nervecell Carries information
from one part ofbody to another
6.
SpermIt fuses with an
ovum (egg cell) to
formababy
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Lets name the cells !
1.
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Muscle cell
White blood cell
Nerve cell
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Red blood cell
Epithelial cell
Sperm
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Theroof of this houseis madeup ofsimilarblue pieces ofroof.
They perform thesame function.
What is the function of theroof?30
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Tissues
A tissue is a group of similar cellsperforming the same function.
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Group of
similar cells Tissue
form
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Examples of tissues
Tissues Function
1.
2.
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Epithelialtissue
Muscle
tissue
Contracts and relaxesto enablemovements
ofbody
To protect the tissuesbeneath it
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Tissues Function
3.
4.
Nerve
tissue
Connective
tissue
Carry massages from
one part of thebody
to another
To connect and join other
tissues to organs andbones
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Lets name the tissue!
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Epithelialtissue
Muscletissue
Nerve
tissue
Connective
tissue
Connectivetissue
P Q
R S
Epithelialtissue
Muscle tissue Nerve tissue
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Organs
An organ is made up ofdifferent
tissues which carry out a specific
function.
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For example,
Heart is an organ formed ofmuscle
tissues and connective tissues that
co-operate to carry out the function of
blood circulation to the entire body
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EXAMPLES OF HUMAN ORGANS
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Stomach
Brain LungsKidney
Heart
TongueEye
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Main organs in the body
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Stomach
Brain
Lung
Kidney
Heart
Tongue
Eye
EarNose
Liver
Large
IntestineSmall
IntestineTestisBladder
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The Functions of Main Organs in the Body
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BrainEye
EarNose
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To receivelight
forseeing
To detect soundTo detect smell
To control
activities of the
body
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The Functions of Main Organs in the Body
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6
8
5
7
9
1113
10
12
Stomach
Brain
Lung
Kidney
Heart
Tongue
Eye
EarNose
Liver
Large
Intestine
Small
IntestineTestisBladder
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To pump blood
in thebody
To absorb
oxygenand give
out carbondioxide
To break
down waste
substances
To detect
taste
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The Functions of Main Organs in the Body
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12
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6
8
5
7
9
1113
10
12
Stomach
Brain
Lung
Kidney
Heart
Tongue
Eye
EarNose
Liver
Large
Intestine
Small
IntestineTestisBladder
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To get rid of
waste product To hold anddigest food
To producesperm
To absorb
water
To storeurine
To digest food
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