chap 9 sentence patterns
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SENTENCE PATTERN
SENTENCE
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
e.g.1. The little girl eats ice-cream.2. He is my brother.
Function Subject + Predicate
Form NP + VP
Subject of a sentence can made up of:a single subject
(one noun/ noun phrase)a compound subject
(more than one noun/ noun phrasea non-finite clause (to-infinitive/ -ing participle)a finite clause
- a subject can come in front of the predicate, or after the predicate;
Subject before predicate:e.g. The man is resting.
Smoking cigarettes can ruin your health.
Subject after predicate:e.g. Situated along the river is my house.
Here comes Alan.
1. The bell has rung.2. En. Raman has sold his car to my sister.3. On to the field ran the horses.4. The clothing sold in the next shop is much
cheaper.5. We saw the boy running towards your office.6. Down came the heavy rain.7. How he was murdered remains a mystery.8. The man who wears a red shirt is my
neighbour.
Parse the following sentences into Subject
(S) and Predicate (P):
1. The bell has rung.2. En. Raman has sold his car to my sister.3. On to the field ran the horses.4. The clothing sold in the next shop is much
cheaper.5. We saw the boy running towards your office.6. Down came the heavy rain.7. How he was murdered remains a mystery.8. The man who wears a red shirt is my
neighbour.
Answer:
7 Basic sentence patterns:
1.S V2.S V Od
3.S V Cs
4.S V A5.A V Oi Od
6.S V Od Co
7.S V Od A
1. S V
Subject Predicate
My head hurts.
The train arrives.
May and Jane might have left.
Function Subject Verb
Sentence My head hurts
Form NP Vgp
Analysis :
Verbs:- intransitive
2. S V Od
Subject Predicate
She had lost her key.
My brother has been keeping the money
All the guests love my cooking
Analysis :
Verbs:-transitive-requires a direct object
Function Subject Verb Direct object
Sentence The lecturer has scolded the students.
Form NP Vgp NP
3. S V Cs
Subject Predicate
The dress on display is beautiful
Our breakfast seems ready
Most of the houses in this area
are hers.
Analysis :
Verbs:-intensive (copular/ linking)-show attributes of subjects
Function Subject Verb Subject complement
Sentence The soup tasted delicious
Form NP Vgp AdjP
4. S V A
Subject Predicate
My office is in the next building
The first meeting was on Sunday
He seems in excellent health
Analysis :
Verbs:-intransitive, followed by prepositional phrase (adverbial)
Function Subject Verb Adverb
Sentence Your money is on the table
Form NP Vgp PP
5. S V Oi Od
Subject Predicate
He could have given her the wrong file
I must send her some flowers
My mother will make me a cake.
Analysis :
Verbs:-Transitive-Followed by 2 noun phrases
Function Subject Verb Indirect
object
Indirect
object
Sentence The guest handed the receptionist the room key.
Form NP Vgp NP NP
6. S V Od CO
Subject Predicate
That made the public extremely angry
The students elected him the new class president
Everyone calls her Molly
Analysis :
Verbs:-Transitive-Followed by noun phrase & adjective phrase/ another noun phrase.
Function Subject Verb direct
Object
Object
complement
Sentence They
He
are driving
has named
me
his baby
crazy
Peter
Form NP Vgp NP AdjP/
NP
Subject Predicate
You can put your computer on the desk
She treated the children very well
I will take the tourists around
Analysis :
Verbs:-transitive, followed by noun phrase followed by a prepositional phrase or adverb phrase (adverbial)
Function Subject Verb direct
object
Adverb
Sentence The girl
You
has placed
should stand
the kitten
the syringe
In the box
upright
Form NP Vgp NP PP/
AdvP
7. S V Od A
1. My head aches terribly.2. They have lost their key in the field.3. She bought her mother a new dress for her
birthday.4. The delegates elected Mr. Henry their new
chairman in an emergency.5. He must have placed the stool there.
Analyse the constituents of sentences in
terms of function:
1. My head aches terribly. S V A 2. They have lost their key in the field. S V Od A3. She bought her mother a new dress (for her birthday). S V Oi Od
4. The delegates elected Mr. Henry S V Od their new chairman (in an emergency). Co
5. He must have placed the stool here. S V Od A
Answer:
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