chapter 7 lesson 1 caring for your skin...
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Lesson 1 Caring for Your Skin
Objectives
• Describe the structure and function of skin.
• Explain how to care for your skin.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 1 Caring for Your Skin
You’re Covered!
• The Outer Layer of Skin The epidermis is the
outer layer of skin. The outermost cells of the
epidermis are dead.
• Under the Epidermis The layer of living cells
below the epidermis is called the dermis.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 1 Caring for Your SkinChapter 7
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Lesson 1 Caring for Your Skin
Caring for Your Skin
To care for your skin:
1. Use warm water and mild soap to wash skin.
2. Take a shower daily.
3. Take a shower after physical activity.
4. Don’t squeeze pimples.
5. Eat a balanced diet.
6. Use sunscreen.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 2 Caring for Your Hair and Nails
Objectives
• Describe two functions of hair.
• Explain how to care for your hair and nails.
• Describe two functions of fingernails.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 2 Caring for Your Hair and Nails
Hair
• What Is Hair Made Of? Hair grows from follicles on
almost every part of your skin. Hair is made of a
material called keratin.
• Why Do You Need Hair? Hair keeps you warm
and helps you sense the world around you.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 2 Caring for Your Hair and Nails
Hair Care
To keep your hair healthy, follow these tips:
1. Wash your hair regularly.
2. Brush your hair regularly.
3. If you use a hairdryer, do not over-dry your scalp.
4. Do not share hats, combs, or brushes.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 2 Caring for Your Hair and Nails
Nails
• How Do Nails Grow? Your nails grow from nail
beds. Nail beds begin under your skin, between the
base of your nail and the knuckle closest to it. Like
your hair, your nails are made of keratin.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 2 Caring for Your Hair and Nails
Nail Care
To keep your nails healthy, follow these tips:
1. Keep your nails neatly trimmed.
2. Clean under the nails when washing your hands.
3. Keep your cuticles moisturized.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
Objectives
• Describe the structure and function of teeth.
• Identify two minor problems of teeth.
• Describe how a cavity forms.
• Describe effective dental care.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
Structure and Function of Teeth
• The shiny, white portion of the tooth is called the
crown.
• The crown is white and hard because it is covered
by enamel, the hardest substance in your body.
• The next slide shows the parts of your teeth.
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your TeethChapter 7
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
Tooth and Gum Problems
• Healthy Gums Check your gums regularly by
looking at them in the mirror. Your gums should be
bright pink and free from sores.
• What Is Plaque? Plaque is a mixture of bacteria,
saliva, and food particles. It is very sticky and binds
to the enamel of your teeth. The bacteria and acid
found in plaque can cause bad breath and even
worse—cavities!
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
Dental Cavities
• What Is a Cavity? A cavity is a hole in your tooth
that is made by acids.
• How Are Cavities Formed? A cavity begins when
plaque forms on your tooth. The plaque holds the
acids very close to the enamel of the tooth. Even
though the enamel is very tough, the acids
eventually eat through it and make a hole.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your TeethChapter 7
As dentin decays, the cavity eventually reaches the
pulp.
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
How to Brush Your Teeth
1. Brush at least twice a day.
2. When you brush, move the toothbrush up and
down and back and forth.
3. Be sure to brush between your teeth.
4. Also, be sure to brush your gums.
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
How to Floss Your Teeth
1. Use 12 to 18 inches of floss.
2. Wrap a few inches of floss around one finger of
each hand.
3. Slip the floss between two teeth, and move it up
and down and back and forth on each inner surface
of each tooth.
4. Go slightly below gum level to reach the trapped
plaque.
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Lesson 3 Caring for Your Teeth
Keeping Your Teeth for Life!
1. Use a toothpaste that contains fluoride.
2. Use a toothbrush with soft bristles.
3. Replace your toothbrush every few months.
4. Eat foods high in calcium.
5. Limit the amount of sugary foods you eat.
6. Visit your dentist regularly.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 4 Caring for Your Eyes
Objectives
• Identify the parts of the eye.
• Explain how the eye works.
• Describe five ways to take care of your eyes.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 4 Caring for Your Eyes
How Eyes Work
• The Parts of Your Eye Your eyelids protect your
eyes and bathe them in tears to remove dust and
harmful bacteria. The rest of parts of your eye are
illustrated on the next slide.
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Lesson 4 Caring for Your EyesChapter 7
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Lesson 4 Caring for Your EyesChapter 7
These eye problems cannot be prevented.
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Lesson 4 Caring for Your Eyes
Eye Care
• Wear a protective face mask or goggles
whenever your eyes could be hit or hurt.
• Wear sunglasses to prevent eye damage from
the sun.
• Don’t rub your eyes.
• Get regular eye exams.
• Never wear glasses that are prescribed for
someone else.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 5 Caring for Your Ears
Objectives
• Describe how the ear works.
• List three common hearing problems.
• Explain good ear care.
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Lesson 5 Caring for Your Ears
How You Hear
• Sound Vibrations Ears help you hear because tiny
parts inside your ears vibrate. Loud sounds make
the tiny parts vibrate much too hard. If you expose
your ears to loud sounds too often, the tiny parts of
your ear can break.
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Lesson 5 Caring for Your Ears
Other Hearing Problems
• Earwax Buildup Sometimes, earwax builds up and
hardens in the canal. This can block the sound
waves and prevent the eardrum from vibrating.
• Middle Ear Infections Infections in the middle ear
can cause fluid buildup, which can also prevent the
eardrum from vibrating properly.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 5 Caring for Your Ears
Hearing and Ear Care
• Wear ear protection whenever you are around
loud sounds.
• Don’t insert anything into your ear canal.
• Gently clean your ears in the shower.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Objectives
• Describe three things that influence healthcare
purchases.
• Describe how to make a careful healthcare
purchase.
• Calculate a unit price.
• Describe how to communicate clearly with
healthcare providers.
• Explain how state, local, and federal agencies help
keep you healthy.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Why Do You Buy?
• Many factors influence your choice of healthcare
products and services. Some of these influences
include:
1. Advertising
2. Tradition
3. Peer pressure
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Smart Shopping
• A smart consumer gathers a lot of information
about a product or service before paying for it. For
example, you could:
1. Ask your parents for advice.
2. Talk to healthcare professionals.
3. Look for products endorsed by medical groups.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Calculating Unit Price
• What Is Unit Price? The unit price of an item is the
cost of the item divided by the amount of the item.
• Example Calculations You can see examples of
unit price calculations on the next slide.
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Figuring out the unit price of a product can also help you make a good choice.
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Healthcare Providers
Healthcare providers include:
1. Dentists
2. Orthodontists
3. General practitioners
4. Dermatologists
5. Optometrists
6. Pharmacists
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Talking About Your Health
• Ask Questions You may have questions to ask
your healthcare provider. Write them down ahead
of time, and take them with you to your
appointment.
• Communicate Clearly Describe any pain that you
feel or problems that you have. Also, describe
when and how often you have these problems.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Talking About Your Health
• Listen Carefully Be sure you understand what you
need to do and how soon you can expect to feel
better.
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Local Healthcare Agencies
• Many state and local governments provide
services that protect your health. Some of these
services include:
1. collecting trash and garbage
2. treating wastewater
3. inspecting restaurant kitchens
4. providing health information
5. giving emergency medical care
Chapter 7
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Lesson 6 Healthcare Resources
Federal Healthcare Agencies
• National Institutes of Health The National
Institutes of Health (NIH) conducts research to help
develop treatments for diseases. The NIH also
makes recommendations to both consumers and
healthcare professionals on health-related issues.
• Food and Drug Administration The Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for
approving both foods and drugs for widespread
use.
Chapter 7
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