circulatory system disorders arteriosclerosis - describes various disorders in which walls of the...
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Circulatory system disorders
Arteriosclerosis - describes various disorders in which walls of
the arteries thicken and become harder - common type is artheriosclerosis in which
plaque (fatty deposits, calcium, etc.) builds up - can cause blood clots, heart attack, stroke
(when plaque ruptures)
Artheriosclerosis – what to do?
- - Prevent the formation of clots (e.g. aspirin)
- - angioplasty- tube in clogged artery- - coronary bypass – healthy artery
replaced clogged one (or several)
Aneurysm
- a weakened area in an arterial wall - environmental and genetic causes - a burst aneurysm leads to internal bleeding,
often death
Treated by removal and grafting a ‘patch’ of synthetic material
Arrythmia
- problem with the speed or rhythn of the heartbeat
-can lead to insufficient blood supply to brain or other organs
Treated with medication or implanting an artificial pacemaker that transmits an electrical impulse when heartbeat is abnormal
Disorders of the blood
Hemophilia – insufficient or missing clotting proteins (Factor VIII) in the blood
- - inherited, life-threatening- - can be treated with injections of Factor
VIII
Anemia – blood contains fewer than normal healthy red blood cells
- - Caused by blood loss or red blood cells that don’t contain enough hemoglobin
- - usually mild (fatigue, headaches, cold hands and feet, etc.)
- - if chronic – could be deadly
Leukemia – cancer of WBC or leukocytes- Two types (myeloid (too many leukocytes)
and lymphatic (cancer of lymphocytes)
- -can be sudden and quick death- -treated by blood transfusions, bone
marrow transplant and chemotherapy
Lymphatic System
The Lymphatic system
A complex network of organs that work to rid the body of infection
Lymph, a transparent fluid that contains white blood cells (leukocytes), circulates through us
It filters out and engulfs foreign bodies (ex. bacteria, viruses)
Macrophages: white blood cells that seek and destroy foreign cells
Components of the lymphatic system
Bone marrow – all type of blood cells are manufactured here
Spleen – just below the diaphragm; a reservoir for blood and filters lymph
Thymus gland – in front of the trachea; where lymphocytes mature
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