clinical features and complication of diabetes 3

CLINICAL FEATURES AND COMPLICATION OF

DIABETES

e.saranya

Polydipsia

Polyuria

Polyphagia

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

TYPE 1 DIABETES TYPE 2 DIABETES

AGE AT ONSET <40 YRS >50 YRS

BODY.WT NORMAL OBESE

KETONURIA PRESENT ABSENT

AUTOANTIBODIES PRESENT ABSENT

FAMILY.HIST OFDIABETES

NO 25% OF CASES

ASS WITH FAM.HIST

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

FOOT PROBLEM

COMPLICATION

DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

HYPERGLYCEMIC HYPEROSMOLAR

NONKETOTIC COMA

ACUTE GLYCAEMIC COMPLICATION

Absolute insulin deficiency

Release of fatty acids from fat cells

Hepatic ketogenesis

symptoms

Diabetes ketoacidosis

Signs {dka}

DehydrationHypotensionKussmaul breathingDrowsiness{coma}

hhnkc Weakness

Inc.thirst

Lethargy

confusion

occurs as a result of treatment with insulin

hypoglycaemia

autonomic• Sweating• Hunger• anxiety

neuroglcopenic• Drowsiness• unable to concentrate• incoordination

hypoglycaemia

Diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema

Microaneurysm

Inc.vascular permeability

proliferation of new vessels and fibrous tissue

Contraction of fibrous tissue and haemorrage

Blurred vision

floaters

blindness

symptoms

Microaneurysm

Macular oedema

CottonWoolspot

Neovascularisation

signs

symptoms fatigue

Excess froth of urine

Swelling of legs

Periorbital oedema

UnintentionalWt.gain

Diabetic nepropathy

Persistent protein in urine

microalbuminuria {30-300mg/day}

signs

DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

NUMBNESS MUSCLE WEAKNESS

CONSTIPATIONPOSTURAL

HYPOTENSION

URINARYINCONTINENCE

Atherosclerosis

Cardiomyopathy

stroke

CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATION

CAUSE:

TRAUMA INFECTION

RESULTS IN:

ULCER SEPSIS GANGRENE

DIABETIC FOOT

Toxemia of pregnancy

Birth defects

Macrosomia

Noenatal hypoglycaemia

Pregnancy related complication