clou computing in pharma-industry
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By.
Tumbi Mohammed Khaled
Second Semesterkhaledtumbi@yahoo.com
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What
Cloudcomputing
meansto
you???Different definition by different persons.
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The Fifth Generation of Computing
after
Web
Mainframe Computers
Personal Computer
Client-Server Computing
Cloud computing
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moving computing and data
away from the desktop andportable PC, and simply
displaying the results of
computing that takes place in a
centralized location and is then
transmitted via internet tousers screen.
John Markoff
(Google)
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Cloud computing is a model for enabling
convenient , on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisionedand released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction
Source: NIST Cloud Computing Project5
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Cloud computing is a general term for
anything that involves delivering hostedservices over the Internet
.Wall Street Journal
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History of Cloud Computing
Concept dating back to the 1960s byJohn
McCarthy, a computer scientist, brought up the
idea that "computation may someday be
organized as a public utility
Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing:
Utility computing
Grid computing
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Understanding Cloud Architecture:Individual users connect to
the cloud from their own
personal computers or
portable devices, over the
Internet.
The hardware in the cloud (and the operating system
that manages the hardware connections) is invisible
To these individual users,
the cloud isseenas a
single application,
device, or document.
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How Cloud Computing Works?Sun Microsystems slogan is The network is
the computer, and thats as good as any to
describe how cloud computing works
A network of computers functions as a single
computer to serve data and applications to usersover the Internet.
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Types of Clouds
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Public Clouds
Private Clouds Hybrid Clouds
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Different Services in
Cloud computing
Software as aService (SaaS) :Under this layer,
Applications are delivered through the
medium of the Internet as a service
Instead of installing and maintaining
software, you simply access it via the Internet
Freeing yourself from complex software and
hardware management an installation
procedure
Who is using this in Pharma 11
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Pfizer
Biotherapeutics & Bioinnovation Center has
used Amazon cloud services to develop and
refine models in antibody-antigen dockingusing RosettaDockandRosettaAntibody
software, shortening the process to 2-3
hoursfrom 2-3 days.
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Cambridge Soft
CambridgeSoft announced ChemBioOfficeCloud,an integrated informatics suite available over theInternet
Other Clouds provided by Cambridge SoftBioAssay Cloud (Data management service forClinical Trials)
Inventory Cloud
E-Notebook Cloud
Registration Cloud
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Schrdinger
Cloud solutions to run Schrdingers chemical
simulation and molecular modeling software
in collaboration with cycle computing
Schrdinger argues as Computation is central
to drug discovery but too often it is rate-
limiting due to lackcomputational power
Schrdinger is already running Glide on cloud
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Symyx Technologies
A Accelrys owned chemoinformatics
company
Symyx customers are already doing big QSAR
calculations and homology modeling using
Amazons EC2
They say Its all about trust; its all about
value
i.e. there is a risk but you have to compensate
risk with the cost15
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Infrastructureas aService (IaaS)
Products offered via this mode,
Include the remote delivery (through the
internet) of a full computer infrastructure (e.g.,
virtual computers, servers, storage devices, etc.)
In 2010 White House Uses Amazon cloud (EC2)
storage service to store mail from US nationals to
US President Obama as suggestion of Round tablemeeting 2010 (Approx 3500 mail/sec)
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IaaS and Eli Lilly
10th largest pharmaceutical company in the
world
Moved entire R&D environment to cloud
Results:
Time to deliver new services greatly reduced
New server: 7.5 weeks 3 min 64 node Linux cluster: 12 weeks 5 min
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Pros
Cons
&
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High-volume
low-costPay for what you useReduced Hardware
equipment for end usersLower Hardware and
Software Maintenance
Need not invest on multiplelicensing
Rapid Elasticity
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Pros
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Pros
Accessibility
Improved Performance
Instant Software Updates
Better Collaboration
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ConsThe cons can be mainly classified into:-
Traditional security
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
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Traditional security
These concerns involve computer and
network intrusions or attacks that will be
made possible or at least easier by moving to
the cloud
These may includes:-
VM-level attacks
Phishing cloud provideretc
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Availability
It means availability of data 24*7
Availability is the area where cloud based
infrastructure appears to have had its largest (or
at least most highly publicized) challenges to date
For example, consider some of the cloud-related
outages which have been widely reported
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1.Maintenance Induced Cascading
Failures
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Gmail get off the
cloud for about
100 minutes
But by chance
data get
recovered bycloud recovery
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And Let's Not Forget About Power
Issues
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The cloud
provider
Amazon EC2
server get a
sleep,
and wake afteraround4 Hours
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Data Lock-in
How does a cloud useravoid lock-in to a particularcloud-computing vendor?
The data might itself belocked in a proprietaryformat, and there are alsoissues with training and
processes. There is also theproblem of the cloud userhaving no control overfrequent changes in cloud-
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Confidentiality
The most talked
security concern
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Third-party data controlThe confidential data may be wrongly
use by the cloud provider
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Ways to reduce the risk of
Confidentiality
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Cloud Computing & Host-Based Intrusion
Detection: Give alert on any intrusion
One exampleof a tool that
can help
with thistask is OSSEC
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Healthy Virtualization
Virtualization of computers or operatingsystems hides the physical characteristics of acomputing platform from users; instead it
shows another abstract computing platform.A hypervisor is a piece of virtualizationsoftware that allows multiple operatingsystems to run on a host computerconcurrently
Virtualization providers include VMware,Microsoft, and Citrix Systems
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Private Clouds
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Private Clouds
Use the Private
clouds
But
Lack ofElasticity
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References
Buyya, R., Yeo, C. S., Venugopal, S., Broberg, J. and Brandic, I.,
Cloud computing and emerging IT platforms: Vision, hype, and
reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility, Future
Generation Computer Systems 25 (2010) 599-616.
Dudley, J. T. and Butte, A. J., In silico research in the era of
cloud computing, Nature biotechnology 28 1181-1185 (2010)
Sultan, N., Cloud computing for education: A new dawn?,
International Journal of Information Management 30 109-116.
Schatz, M. C., Langmead, B. and Salzberg, S. L., Cloud
computing and the DNA data race, Nature biotechnology 28
691-693.
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Thank You
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