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CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19381 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19381

AUGUST 17 TH 2016

BENJAMIN POT TER

MARINE INVASIVE SPECIES PROGRAM

CALIFORNIA STATE LANDS COMMISSION

COAST Ballast Water Internship

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19382 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19382

▪ School◦ CSU Maritime Academy 2017’

◦ Maritime Policy and Management◦ Marine Science

▪ COAST◦ Marine Invasive Species Program

Ballast Water Internship

About Me

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19383 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19383

▪ Data Entry◦ Realm & Province

◦ Latitude & Longitude

▪ Ballast Water Data Analysis

◦ No Exchange Data

▪ ROV Testing

Work Assignments

▪ Marine Ecoregions◦ Need for Classification

▪ Latitude & Longitude

▪ General Salinity Levels◦ Marine

◦ Brackish

◦ Fresh

▪ Other Characteristics◦ Marine Oil Terminals

Data Entry

Spalding, M. D., et al. (2007, July/August). Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas. Bio Science, 57(7). doi:10.1641/B570707

Ballast Water Analysis

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19386 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19386

▪ Post PCR Establishment

▪ Negative Growth Trend

▪ 2014 Reduction◦ Almost Half of 2013

▪ 2015 Very Low◦ A third of 2014

▪ Growing Enforcement

No Exchange Trends

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19387 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 19387

Commercial Activity

0.7% 2.8%

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Volume Discharge Vs Arrivals

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Top 5 Ports Receiving Non-Exchanged Ballast Avg.

1. Los Angeles – Long Beach………………………………… 70,416 MT/ Year

2. Carquinez………………………………………………………… 46,784 MT/ Year

3. Stockton………………………………………………………….. 39,967 MT/ Year

4. Richmond………………………………………………………… 30,446 MT/ Year

5. Oakland…………………............................................ 14,107 MT/ Year

No Exchange Discharge Ports

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193810 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193810

Port Trends

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193811 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193811

Stockton▪ No Exchange Discharge is rising

▪ Number of Arrivals Growing

▪ Mostly Bulk & Tank

▪ Year 2013▪ Only Three No Exchange Discharges

▪ Bulk Carrier: Fu Kang Discharged over 110,000 MT

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193812 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193812

Oakland▪ No Exchange Discharge is varied

▪ Number of Arrivals Dropping

▪ Mostly Container

▪ Year 2015▪ Only Two No Exchange Discharges Events

▪ Bulk Carrier: Atlantic Maya Discharged over 15,000 MT

▪ Container Ship: Hatsu Crystal Discharged over 11,500 MT

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193813 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193813

No Exchange Source

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193814 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193814

No Exchange Source

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193815 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193815

No Exchange Source

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193816 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193816

▪ Cold Temperate Northeast Pacific growing▪ Warm Temperate Northeast Pacific

& Tropical East Pacific decreasing

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193817 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193817

2014 2015

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193818 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193818

▪Exponential decline of “No Exchange” ◦ Growing levels of enforcement

▪Significant amount sourced from PCR◦ Vessels unfamiliar with the rules?

◦ Not considering islands?

▪What’s Next?◦ Connecting BWD Location with BWS Location

Ballast Water Findings

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193819 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193819

Test Sites

1) HSU Aquatic Center

2) Eureka Chevron Terminal

3) Trinidad Harbor

ROV Testing

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193820 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193820

▪Greater enforcement → Greater complianceoROV as a tool for enforcement

▪Program effectiveness is growing

▪The need for outreach remainsoSmall mistakes from one vessel can cause

big problems

Conclusions

CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193821 CSLC: Serving the Public Trust Since 193821

Any Questions?

Thank You