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GENERAL LINGUISTIC
PRESENTED BY:
• LEIDY YURANI POVEDA• EDUAR FERNEY GIRALDO SANCHEZ
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS DERIVATION & INFLECTION
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS
MORPHOLOGY
Structure Word formation
Morpheme
Morpheme
Sound unit Meaning Unit
Smallest unit of
language
The words are formed in relation to elements of meaning or morphemes.
Morpheme is the most elemental grammatical unit in the given language. A single word may be composed of one or more morpheme.
• One morpheme :boy
• Two morphemes: boyish
• Three morphemes:disagreeable
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS
CLASSIFICATION OF MORPHEMES
Free Morphemes- rootsIf morpheme is able to appear as a Word by itself.
Bound Morphemes/ affixesIf morpheme can only appear as part of a larger, multo-morphemic.
Stem (root, base): The morpheme to which other morphemes are added
StemFree (e.g.teacher, dresses,unkind
Bound (e.g inept, unkempt)
Stem & Affix
Stem : Carries the basic meaning
Affixes /attachments carry additional, often gramatical meanings.
KINDS OF AFFIXES
Suffixes: are attached to the end of the stem;
Prefixes: are attached to the front of the stem;
Infixes: are put in the middle of the Word;
Ablaut: Is a change in a vowel that carries extra meaning.
SUFFIXES ARE THE MOST COMMON E.G.
The past tense : matter of adding – ed to the stem;
The present participle is made by adding – ing:
The plural of noun is made by adding – s.
AFFIX
Prefix e.g Unhappy
Infix e.g Mother – in – law
Suffix e.g Happiness
Ablaut e.g. Sing Sang
DERIVATION & INFLECTION Are two funtional categories of change in
morphology.
DERIVATIONIs the process of forming new words.Example. Happiness, Unhappiness
INFLECTIONIs the modification suffering a lexeme to express its position.Example:Write, wrote, written. fat, fatter, fattest
AFFIXES
AFFIXES: Is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word.
Undo: prefixe. Looking. Suffixe. Derivational: blessedness. Inflectional: studied
Prefixes: A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word
Unhappy. Immoral. Preview.
suffixes
Suffixes: Is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word.
Opened: where the suffix -ed marks the past tense.
Goes: where the suffix es marks the third person singular.
PREFIXES
If we add a prefixes we get adjectives un, nouns ness and adverbs ly.
Adjective: unlike.
Noun: illness. Adverb: frecuently.
CO-EVALUATE
EDUAR FERNEY GIRALDO SANCHEZ
My partner was dedicated in the performance of work, we stayed in touch with chat, cell phone and Skype. Similarly, we work on the activity at the same time and listen to the views and suggestions to improve the work.
Contribution : 4 points Cooperation :4 points On task: 4 points Communication: 4 points
Total points: 16 Your grade : 5
LEIDY POVEDA
My classmate work responsibly in the realization of this presentation. We were in contact us through various means. We share experience and accept suggestions.
Contribution : 4 points Cooperation :4 points
On task: 4 points Communication: 4 points
Total points: 16 Your grade : 5
THANK YOU VERY MUCH !
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