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Compound Feed Production in Turkey:
Targets and Potential Problems
M.ÜLKÜ KARAKUŞ
President of Türkiyem-Bir
Important Poultry Diseases: Epidemiology and Control-2
22 FEBRUARY 2017 / ANKARA
WORLD COMPOUND FEED PRODUCTION RANK ORDER (2016)
Ranking Country Million Ton
1 China 187
2 USA 170
3 Brazil 69
4 Mexico 34
5 Spain 32
6 India 31
7 Russia 29
8 Germany 24
9 Japan 24
10 France 23
11 Canada 20
12 Türkiye 20*
13 Kore 19
14 Thailand 18
15 Indonesia 17
* 23 million tons with their own feed producers
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2013 2014 2015 2016
The number of compound feed mill in Turkey
Source: GKGM
*Double shift
Source: GKGM
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2013 2014 2015 2016
The Capacity Utilization Rate* (%)
Turkey's mixed feed production is around 23 million tons with its own feed producers
0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Compound feed production of Turkey
Toplam Büyük-küçükbaş yemleri Kanatlı yemleri Diğer yemler Poultry feeds Other feeds
Source: GKGM
Total
Big-small ruminant feed
Distribution of ruminant mixed feed production by region and shares in total feed production
1,2 Million ton, %10,5
2,8 Million ton, %24,2 0,4 Million ton, %3,3
0,7 Million ton, %5,9
2,8 Million ton, %24,1
3,1 Million ton, %26,8
0,6 Million ton, %5,2
Source: GKGM
Distribution of poultry mixed feed production by region and shares in total feed production
0,6 Million ton, %7,0
1,0 Million ton, %12,7 0,2 Million ton, %2,8
1,3 Million ton, %15,7
2,3 Million ton, %28,1
2,6 Million ton, %31,0
0,2 Million ton, %2,7
Source: GKGM
Distribution of total mixed feed production by region and shares in total feed production
1,8 Million ton, %8,8
3,9 Million ton, %18,8 0,6 Million ton, %3,0
2,0 Million ton, %9,9 5,2 Million ton, %25,4
6,1 Million ton, %30,0
0,8 Million ton, %4,1
Kaynak: GKGM
Source: TUİK
0
5
10
15
20
25
Turkish grain production (mio. ton)
Buğday
Arpa
Mısır
Çavdar
Yulaf
Wheat Barley
Corn
Rye
Oat
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Turkish oilseed crop production (million ton)
Ayçiçeği
Çiğit
Soya
Kolza
Source: TUİK
Sunflower
Cottonseed Soy
Rapeseed
8,8 million ton
3,0 billion $
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Feed raw material import (million ton) and value (billion $)
Miktar
Değer
Source: TUİK
Quantity
Value
Raw material Quantity (Ton) Value ($)
Soy Bean 2.175.392 885.297.004
Soy Bean Meal 664.401 254.557.541
Corn 531.246 110.847.539
Barley 3 772
Bran 1.510.361 239.384.608
Sunflower Seed Meal 781.671 168.995.921
Rape Seed 238.840 105.533.286
Palm Meal 61.362 6.975.992
Other vegetable oil industry residues 32.958 2.416.521
Corn Derivatives 489.010 90.668.650
Molasses 281.887 35.510.285
Sugar Beat Pulp 174.639 27.738.688
DDGS 1.013.592 211.363.811
Feed Additives 312.841 526.262.617
Others 493.717 384.123.729
Total 8.761.920 3.049.676.964
Feed raw material import quantity and value for 2016
Source: TUİK
IMPORTS FROM UKRAINE (000 ton) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Soy Bean 129 139 376 933 683
Soy Bean Meal - - 2 61 54
Imports from Ukraine is increasing
2007-2017 Price Increase 228%
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Domestic prices of Full Fat soy and soybean meal (TL/ton)
FULL FAT SOYA SOYA KÜSPESİ
Source: Türkiyem-Bir
FULL FAT SOY SOYBEAN MEAL
2007-2017 Price increase %243
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
SSM (28 Protein) SSM (36 Protein) and DDGS domestic prices (TL/ton)
ATK (28 PROTEIN) ATK (36 PROTEIN) DDGS
Source: Türkiyem-Bir
SSM = Sunflower Seed Meal
SSM (28 Protein)
SSM (36 Protein)
2007-2017 Price increase %124
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Domestic prices for corn and barley (TL/ton)
MISIR ARPA
Source: Türkiyem-Bir
CORN
BARLEY
2007-2017 Price increase %146
Source: Türkiyem-Bir
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Domestic prices of cereal by-products (TL/ton)
BUĞDAY KEPEĞİ RAZMOL KIRIK BUĞDAY WHEAT BRAN
BROKEN WHEAT
2007-2017 Price increase of mixed feed %138
2007-2017 Average price increase of feed raw material %185
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Domestic prices of mixed feed (TL/ton)
Etlik Piliç Yemi
Yum. Tav.Yemi
Süt Yemi
Besi Yemi
Source: Türkiyem-Bir
Broiler Feed
Layer Feed Dairy Cattle Feed
Fattening Cattle Feed
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Turkey and World corn prices ($/ton)
MISIR TÜRKİYE MISIR DÜNYA
Source: Türkiyem-Bir, IGC
CORN TURKEY CORN WORLD
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
01/0
7
05/0
7
09/0
7
01/0
8
05/0
8
09/0
8
01/0
9
05/0
9
09/0
9
01/1
0
05/1
0
09/1
0
01/1
1
05/1
1
09/1
1
01/1
2
05/1
2
09/1
2
01/1
3
05/1
3
09/1
3
01/1
4
05/1
4
09/1
4
01/1
5
05/1
5
09/1
5
01/1
6
05/1
6
09/1
6
01/1
7
Turkey and World barley prices ($/ton)
ARPA DÜNYA ARPA TÜRKİYE
Source: Türkiyem-Bir, IGC
BARLEY WORLD BARLEY TURKEY
Problems of Compound Feed Sector
´ Feed raw material supply and application of IPR** ´ Biosafety regulation ´ Application of feed regulations and control
´ Laboratory analyses ´ Rendering products regulations*
´ Unfair competition ´ Import of red meat and butchery animals
IPR = Inward Processing Regime
*Animal by-products regulation
Feed raw material supply
� Crop production is not sufficient for the feed sector, � Custom duties of feedstuffs are high,
� There are big differences in the quality of feed ingredients, � Transport rates, analysis fees and costs for custom operations are
very high.
Biosafety regulation
� Regardless of intent and negligence, the law has very severe penalties,
� There are provisions in the legislation that are incompatible with the EU,
� Biotech companies do not apply for GM products due to existing law.
Laboratory analyzes
� There are some mistakes in the analyzes and some differences between the different laboratory results are exist,
� Laboratory fees in the import phase analysis are too high and there are also delays.
Legislation for rendering products
´ As of 2017, intra-species animal by-products usage is prohibited,
´ The fact that these products are not used in our country which is already in deficit for protein, brings serious burdens both in terms of material and environment,
´ Slaughterhouses, public and municipalities are not prepared for the consequences of the implementation of this legislation.
Importation of red meat and butchery animals
´ Importation of red meat and butchery animals negatively affects the Turkish livestock industry.
� In order for the feed prices to be lowered, the feed sector must be able to supply feed materials at a more favorable price,
� The production of oil seeds should be increased and the production of alternative feedstuffs should be encouraged,
� The basin-based production model should be rushed in practice, � The infrastructure needs to be developed in order to be able to use the
railways for feed and feed raw material transportation, � Discrepancies and disruptions in IPR (Inward Processing Regime)
implementation should be eliminated,
RECOMMENDATIONS
� Biosafety legislation should be rearranged by taking into account the opinions of all concerned parties and harmonized with the EU,
� The implementation of feed legislation should be guided primarily, not
punitive, � Trainings for the implementation of feed legislation should be
increased, � Laboratory mistakes on analysis and analytical differences between
laboratories should be eliminated,
RECOMMENDATIONS
� Red meat and butchery animals should not be imported, � Custom rates on the importation of fattening cattle should be
organized so that the farmers engaged in fattening to be protected and the private sector must be functioned,
� All feedstuffs must be zeroed in VAT and unfair competition should be
avoided.
RECOMMENDATIONS
� Implementation of rendering legislation should be changed,
WHY ?
RECOMMENDATIONS
University of Ankara Faculty of Agriculture Dept. Of Animal Husbandry Scientific Opinion – Page 1
University of Ankara Faculty of Agriculture Dept. Of Animal Husbandry Scientific Opinion – Page 2
University of Ankara Faculty of Agriculture Dept. Of Animal Husbandry Scientific Opinion – Page 3
University of Ankara Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Dept. Of Animal Nutrition & Nutritional Diseases
Scientific Opinion – Page 1
University of Ankara Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Dept. Of Animal Nutrition & Nutritional Diseases
Scientific Opinion – Page 2
University of Ankara Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Dept. Of Animal Nutrition & Nutritional Diseases
Scientific Opinion – Page 3
University of Ankara Institute of Food Safety Scientific Opinion – Page 1
University of Ankara Institute of Food Safety Scientific Opinion – Page 2
University of Ankara Institute of Food Safety Scientific Opinion – Page 3
University of Ankara Institute of Food Safety Scientific Opinion – Page 4
Zootechnics Federation Scientific Opinion – Page 1
Zootechnics Federation Scientific Opinion – Page 2
Zootechnics Federation Scientific Opinion – Page 3
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 1
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 2
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 3
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 4
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 5
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 6
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 7
TURKIYEM-BIR Reports on Poultry Rendering Products
Page 8
´ Because of the scientific considerations above;
´ Completely remove the in-species use ban on the poultry nutrition,
´ Recognition of a transitional period of 4-5 years, such as in Poland, for in-species use even in the case of approval of full membership to the EU,
´ Obtaining a declaration from companies that will export poultry products to the EU that they will not use rendering products in exported products,
´ It is recommended to take precautions to prevent the unsubstantiated scientific news in the media.
THANKS FOR THE ATTENTION…
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