computer concepts computer information systems. course competencies explain the functions of...

COMPUTER CONCEPTSComputer Information Systems

COURSE COMPETENCIES

Explain the functions of computer system components.

Describe the information processing cycle.Describe various computer input & output devices.Describe various auxiliary storage devices.Describe wireless and mobile devices.Identify basic networking components.

FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPONENTS

PROCESSOR

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Brain of a computer Executes program

instructions

MEMORY

Main Memory / Primary Storage

Used during information processing cycle

Lost when computer powers off

INPUT DEVICES

Any peripheral (piece of hardware equipment) used to provide data to the computer

Mouse, keyboard, camera, scanner

OUTPUT DEVICES

Any piece of hardware used to communicate the results of data processing

Speakers, printer, monitor

STORAGE

Secondary Storage Not directly

accessible by CPU External hard drive,

USB flash drive, memory card

INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE

PARTS OF THE INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE

InputProcessStorage

Output

ROLE IN THE INFORMATION CYCLE

Data is entered

Changes, computations, save for future

Communicate results

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE AS IT RELATES TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS?

The main function of a computer system is to process information.

INPUT, OUTPUT, ANDSTORAGE DEVICES

CD / DVD

Storage device Optical disk – uses

light / lasers Often used for music,

text files, and photos Read-only vs.

rewritable

EXTERNAL HARD DRIVE

Storage Stores large data sets Connects by USB port

USB FLASH DRIVE

Storage device Convenient &

portable Fast! Easy to erase /

rewrite

KEYBOARD

Input device Used to enter text

information into the computer

MICROPHONE

Input device Records sound &

digitizes it to be stored in the computer for playback

MONITOR

Output device Provides a visual

display from the computer

MOUSE

Input device Handheld pointing

device that controls the on-screen cursor

PRINTER

Output device Produces a computer

image on paper InkJet vs. LaserJet

SCANNER

Input device Images a printed

page or graphic by digitizing it

SPEAKERS

Output device Converts electric

current into sound format

TOUCH SCREEN

Input & output device Touch-sensitive

display screen on which a user can make choices by pressing button images

WIRELESS & MOBILE DEVICES

WIRELESS & MOBILE DEVICES

Laptop Small, mobile personal computer that runs on a single battery or AC/DC adapter

PDAPersonal Digital Assistant; used for calculations, clocks, calendars, games, Internet, email, radio, etc.; characterized by touch screens

TabletNotebook- or Slate-shaped mobile computer; touch screen operated with a stylus or digital pen

Smartphone

Integrates the functionality of a mobile phone with a PDA

BASIC NETWORKING COMPONENTS

SERVER

Computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other computers over a local network or the Internet

Central repository of data and various programs that are shared by other users in a network

NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)

Expansion card that enables a computer to connect to a network

Most computers now have built-in NICs

ROUTER

Join multiple networks together

Able to filter traffic by analyzing IP addresses of senders and receivers

SWITCH

Joins multiple computers together within one local area network

Inspects data and determines the source & destination

FIREWALL

Protects a computer network from unauthorized access

Also limit access to the outside from internal users

QUESTIONS?

EXIT TICKET!

3 different input devices 2 auxiliary storage devices 1 basic networking component