conjugation 101

Conjugation 101-ar, -er, -ir verbsEl diecisiete de octubre

¡VERBOS! We conjugate verbs.  Conjugation = a verb “___Matches_” the subject of a sentence to make sense (grammatically).

Grammar: I to talk. I talks. I talk.

Infinitive = Basic form of the verb: To ____ (do something…) It gives meaning (no subject).

EX: To talk, to speak = Hablar There are 3 types of infinitives in Spanish.

They end in: -AR / -ER / -IR

Important vocabulary:

Stem = The part of the verb without the infinitive ending.

Habl arStem

Infinitive Ending(ar/er/ir)

Conjugation endings = Endings (suffixes) that “match” the subject of a sentence.

STEPS TO CONJUGATION:

EX. “I talk”

1. Identify the subject of the sentence. (Singular/plural? 1st / 2nd / 3rd person?)

2. Isolate the stem. (Remove the infinitive ending)

3. Add the conjugation ending that matches the subject:

Singular Plural

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NostotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-AR

Conjugation Endings

-O

-AS

- A

-AMOS

-ÁIS

-AN

Hablar:Yo / hablar 1. Subject = yo2. Stem = Habl3. Add ending = habl + o = yo hablo4. Meaning = I talk, I do talk, I am talking

Nosotros/Hablar1. Subject = Nosotros

2. Stem = Habl

3. Add ending = Habl + amos = Nosotros hablamos4. Meaning = We talk, We do talk, We are

talking

Usted/hablar1. Subject = usted

2. Stem = Habl

3. Add ending = usted habla

4. Meaning = You(formal) talk, You are talking, You do talk

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-AR

Conjugation Endings

Hablo

Hablas

Habla

Hablamos

Habláis

Hablan

Habl ar = to talk

I talk, I am talking

You talk, you are talking

You talkHe talksShe talks

We talk, we are talking

You all talk (Spain)

You all talkThey talk (m)They talk (f)

Escuchar (música) = To listen

Bailar = to dance

Cantar = to sing

Estudiar = to study

Patinar = to skate

Tocar (el piano) = to play

-AR verbs

Repaso

1. What is an

infinitive?

2. What is a stem?

3. What is

conjugation?

Ex: hablar verb unchanged ends in either ar/er/ir

Everything but the ar/er/ir ending. Ex: Habl ar

Matching the subject with the correct verb ending. EX: yo hablo

Making sentences negative in Spanish

Put ‘no’ before the conjugated verb to say “do not/ does not”

EX: I don’t speak Spanish.

1. Subject = I = yo2. Stem = Habl 3. Add ending = Yo Hablo español.4. Add no before conjugated verb = Yo no hablo español.

5. Meaning = I don’t speak Spanish.

Practice

Mary and I listen to music. 1. Subject = Mary and I = Nosotras2. Stem = escuch3. Add ending = Nosotras escuchamos música.

Now make it negative…

Nosotras no escuchamos música.

Let’s Review!

1.What is an infinitive?2.What is a stem?3.What is conjugation?4.What are the steps to

conjugation?

1.Infinitive = unchanged verb/ ends in ar/er/ir

2.Stem = everything but the ar/er/ir ending3. Conjugation= changing the verb ending to

match the subject of the sentence.

Steps:1. Identify subject2. Isolate stem (check ar/er/ir verb)3.Add ending to the stem that matches the subject.

-AR VERBS1. Alquilar (videos)2. Bailar 3. Cuidar (a los niños)4. Cantar 5. Comprar 6. Descansar 7. Dibujar8. Escuchar (música)9. Estudiar 10.Hablar (por teléfono)

11. Montar (en bicicleta)12. Nadar 13. Navegar (por internet)14. Pasar (el rato solo/sola)15. Pasear 16. Patinar 17. Practicar (deportes)18. Tomar (una prueba)19. Tocar (el piano)20. Trabajar

-ER Conjugatio

n

Singular Plural

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-ER

Conjugation Endings

-O

-ES

-E

-EMOS

-ÉIS

-EN

Practice:

1.Yo/ comer2.Él / leer3.Nosotros /

aprender4.Ellos / correr5.Tú/ beber

1. Yo como

2. Él lee

3. Nosotros aprendemos4. Ellos corren

5. Tú bebes

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-ER

Conjugation Endings

Como

Comes

Come

Comemos

Coméis

Comen

Com er = to eat

I eat, I am eating

You eat, you are eating

You eatHe eatShe eat

We eat, we are eating

You all eat(Spain)

You all eatThey eat (m)They eat (f)

-ER VERBS1. Beber 2. Leer (revistas)3. Comer 4. Correr 5. Aprender

-IR Conjugatio

n

Singular Plural

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-IR

Conjugation Endings

-O

-ES

-E

-IMOS

-ÍS

-EN

Practice:

1.Yo/ vivir2.Él / interrumpir3.Nosotros / asistir

(+a)4.Ellos / abrir5.Tú/ escribir

1. Yo vivo

2. Él interrumpe

3. Nosotros asistimos

4. Ellos abren

5. Tú escribes

Yo

Tú

UstedÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

UstedesEllosEllas

-IR

Conjugation Endings

Vivo

Vives

Vive

Vivimos

Vivís

Viven

Viv ir = to live

I live, I am living

You live, you are living

You liveHe livesShe lives

We live, we are living

You all live(Spain)

You all liveThey live(m)They live(f)

-IR VERBS1. Asistir (+a) 2. Escribir (cartas)3. Vivir 4. Abrir 5. interrumpir

(“+ a)” means that the verb will be followed by an “a” in a sentence:

Ex. Yo asisto a la clase. (I attend class.)

Note:

asisitir = to attend (not to assist)