connector what process does this image refer to. what is the difference between colonialism,...

Connector

What process does this image refer to.

What is the difference between colonialism, imperialism and colonisation?

What geographical shifts in superpowers have occurred in

the last century?

Geographical Superpowers

© Geography Department, London Academy

Superpower Geographies

1. Superpower Geographies a) defining superpowers b) influencing power b) changing patterns of power c) theories explaining the growth of superpowers

Learning Objectives:• To know differences between capitalism and

communism• To have a basic understanding of why communism

collapsed• To describe the current geographical influence of the

U.S.A.• To be able to explain the changing pattern of power

in the last century© Geography Department, London Academy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsJnxlXepsY

1945 – 1990 ‘The Cold War’

After the second world war, two global superpowers emerged. The USA followed apolicy to globalise its sphere of influence and become a stronger player in the worldsystem. However the beliefs and politics of the USSR did not agree with the USA.In order to become more powerful the USSR took advantage of collapsed countriesin Europe and enforced a communist regime.

Bi-polar World

What criteria would have supported these countries rise to superpower?

Opposing Ideals of Power

CAPITALISM COMMUNISM

WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY THE STATE

BUSINESSES BELONG TO THE STATE

SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS FREEDOM

SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS EQUALITY

WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY PROFIT MAKING INDIVIDUALS

BUSINESSES ARE PRIVATELY OWNED

GOVERNMENT PLANNED ECONOMY

DICTATORSHIP NO FREE ELECTIONS

THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

FREE MARKET ECONOMY

DEMOCRACY WITH ELECTED LEADERS

Nuclear warheads

Collapse of the Soviet Union

1985 – Newly elected President Gorbachev

introduced: GLASNOST “freedom of Speech”

PERESTROIKA “private ownership of small businesses”

Late 1980’s – Economic failure and food shortages

1989 – 1991

With their new found freedom states within the USSR rebelled and claimed sovereignty (independence)

The Worlds One Superpower

The World’s One Superpower1990 - Present

UNI-POLAR world: 2010?• US dominated uni-polar world can be seen as the triumph of modern

globalisation, trade and capitalist ideology (links back to AS Unit 1):

• Different perspectives can be used to ‘view’ the US dominated world:• Military presence• US TNCs abroad• USA’s recipients of foreign aid.• CNN is a good example of US global media influence

What do you remember about….

United States Military United States Economy and Culture

Consider for Q2:Politics- patriotism, nationalism, int. agreementsEconomic systems- e.g. 5 year plansSocial control- education, KGB, CIAMilitary-standing armies, nuclear,

Over to youChoose either USA or USSR/RussiaHow do patterns of power change?Use books and research to illustrate how and why 1) Your power became a superpower and the ideology.2) How control was maintained3) It’s current status and/or why it collapsed /threats to its superpower

status today.

Detail is needed Upper Sixth! Present as a report:

Starting point is Oxford p 146-149 and p136