copyright © pcs utilidata 2009 saving megawatts with voltage optimization tom wilson president pcs...
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Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2009
Saving Megawatts with Voltage Optimization
Tom WilsonPresident
PCS UtiliData
tomwilson@pcsutilidata.com
32nd Industrial Energy Technology Conference
May 19–22, 2010
The Opportunity• In the US, industry uses 27% of
the electricity generated– ≈ $69 billion per year
• Voltage Optimization or CVR can save approximately 3%– ≈ $2.1 billion per year savings
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Odyssey of AdaptiVolt™
• PCS UtiliData founded 1986
• National award-winning Industrial Control System Integrator (CSIA, IEEE, Rockwell)
• Creation of AdaptiVolt™– 2000-2001 – California Energy Crisis
– Input from a former CEO of a Pacific Northwest IOU
– Field tested and verified
• Have deployed AdaptiVolt™ as a Smart Grid application since 2002
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ Customers• Some of our AdaptiVolt™ Utility
Customers:– Hydro Ottawa, Enersource Hydro
Mississauga, Veridian Connections, Ripley Power & Light, AEP Ohio
• AdaptiVolt™ IVO Projects:– Plum Creek Timber Company, Murray
State University (Murray, KY), Ponderay Newsprint (AbitibiBowater, Usk, WA)
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ IVO. . .
. . . is an application that implements next-generation Voltage Optimization at
end-use facilities and electricity distribution substations using real-time
monitoring of the primary voltages coupled with closed-loop control.
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Voltage Optimization Fundamentals
Utilization devices operate at their peak efficiency at a voltage level which is usually near the lower
bounds of their utilization and/or nameplate voltage.
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Voltage Optimization Features Associated BenefitsReduce total power demand. Reduce kW and MW demand
charges.
Reduce total energy usage. Reduce monthly energy bills and reduce the impact of higher future energy costs.
Reduce reactive power requirements. Improve power factor.
Allows motors and other utilization devices to operate more efficiently.
Increase lifespan of equipment and reduce maintenance costs.
Why install voltage optimization?
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
480
504508
456
440
424
“A” S
erv
ice
“A” U
tilizatio
n
“B” S
erv
ice
“B” U
tilizatio
n
Volts
Normal Voltages
Voltages with
AdaptiVolt™
Allowable Voltage RangesANSI Standard C 84.1 – 1995 “Electrical Power Systems and Equipment – Voltage Ratings”
Nominal 480 VAC – Range A (Normal Operation)
•Service Voltage 456 v – 504 v• Voltage at which utility delivers power service entrance
•Utilization Voltage 440 v – 504 v• Voltage at which equipment uses power
Nominal 480 VAC – Range B (Out of Normal Operation)
•Service Voltage 440 v – 508 v
•Utilization Voltage 424 v – 508 v
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
What type of devices become more efficient with Voltage Optimization?
• Induction Motors
• Synchronous Motors
• Distribution Transformers
• Switching Devices, including:– Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts– Drives– Power Supplies
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ Architecture in an Industrial Facility
• Core controller located at a delivery substation or central location with communications access to voltage regulation devices
• Voltage Monitors are located throughout the plant at low voltage points and at essential machines and processes
• Existing communications networks can be used or new communications networks can be installed
• Monitoring and control can be done through an existing SCADA or control system
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ Core Unit
L.V.M. Network
Substation RTU
Voltage Regulator Controller
Voltage Regulator Controller
Voltage Regulator Controller
Voltage Regulator Controller
Meter
Voltage Regulator Controller
MeterMeter Meter Meter
10,000 hp Refiner
10,000 hp Refiner
14,000 hp Refiner
L.V.M. L.V.M. L.V.M.
L.V.M. Network
Plant Ethernet
Substation Comms
SCADA Master
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ IVO Components
• The AdpatiVolt™ IVO Core controller is a Rockwell ControlLogix PLC using RA software
• All components (core, LVMs) can be environmentally protected for specific applications: heat, dust, chemicals etc.
• All components are commercial off the shelf devices
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
AdaptiVolt™ Basics
Distribution Substation Distribution Primary Feeder End-of-Line
Smart Grid Communications Network
“Real-Time” Voltage Monitoring
“Closed-loop”Voltage Regulator
Control
VARMINT
• VARiable
• Moment
• INTegrator
• Protects large motors– Synchronous– Induction
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
VIPER
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
• Voltage
• Integrating
• Probability
• Estimating
• Regulator
• Provides close voltage control without excessive regulator operations
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
How do we measure Energy Savings?
• Conservation Voltage Reduction Factor (CVRf):
per unit energy saved per unit voltage reduced
• Represents the average slope on the utilization
devices efficiency curve between the current
voltage and the new proposed regulated voltage
• For example, a CVRf of 1.00 would indicate a 1%
reduction in energy usage for every 1% reduction
in voltage
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Measurement and Verification Protocol for Industrial Processes
• CVR Protocol for Process Loads– Based on Protocol #1
– Developed by PCS and first used for measurement and verification of the Fiber Refining Process at Plum Creek Timber.
– Compares process specific energy between CVR and non-CVR operating regimes to determine energy savings.
• Provides savings estimates for test periods and CVR factors for future savings forecasts.
Without Process Info
Voltage
Demand
Refiner 3 - Test 1 Refiner 3 - Test 2
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Voltage
Demand
Voltage
Demand
With Process Info
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Refiner 3 - Test 1 Refiner 3 - Test 2
Feed Rate
Specific Energy
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Overall Demand Reduction – 3.72%*
Energy savings at current production levels – 5,618,728 kWh/year*
Forecasted energy savings at full production – 9,063,800 kWh/year*
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Voltage Optimization Features Associated BenefitsReduce total power demand. Reduce kW and MW demand
charges.
Reduce total energy usage. Reduce monthly energy bills and reduce the impact of higher future energy costs.
Reduce reactive power requirements. Improve power factor.
Allows motors and other utilization devices to operate more efficiently.
Increase lifespan of equipment and reduce maintenance costs.
Why install voltage optimization?
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
Is your Facility an IVO Candidate?
• Are you served by a dedicated substation or express feeder?
• What is the size of your electrical load? (Hint: higher demand = more savings)
• Is there on-load voltage regulation capability?• Are their conservation incentives available from
your utility?• Is there a plant energy management infrastructure?
• Are you planning on installing an EMS system?
Copyright © PCS UtiliData 2010
"Energy efficiency is not just low-hanging fruit; it is
fruit that is lying on the ground."
From a speech by U. S. Department of Energy Secretary Steven Chu at the St James's Palace Nobel Laureate Symposium, May 2009.
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