creating jobs in america’s weak market cities. background 60% of all jobs in america are in...
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CREATING JOBS CREATING JOBS IN AMERICA’S IN AMERICA’S
WEAK MARKET WEAK MARKET CITIESCITIES
BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND 60% of all jobs in America are in suburbs, 60% of all jobs in America are in suburbs,
not central cities.not central cities. National government has virtually no National government has virtually no
place-based urban or industrial policyplace-based urban or industrial policy Action/innovation to create jobs is at the Action/innovation to create jobs is at the
city and state levelcity and state level No consistent prevailing theory of job No consistent prevailing theory of job
creation and economic development.creation and economic development. Some limited instances of transit systems Some limited instances of transit systems
improvementsimprovements
RECURRING THEMES IN RECURRING THEMES IN CREATING JOBS IN AMERICAN CREATING JOBS IN AMERICAN
CITIESCITIES Strengthen retail/office/residential Strengthen retail/office/residential
occupancy in center citiesoccupancy in center cities
Strengthen tourism via hotels, Strengthen tourism via hotels, convention centers, sports facilities, convention centers, sports facilities, etc.etc.
Chasing/recruiting businesses via Chasing/recruiting businesses via government incentives/subsidiesgovernment incentives/subsidies
BEST PERFORMING JOB BEST PERFORMING JOB GROWTH CITIESGROWTH CITIES
Strong services sector, especially Strong services sector, especially business and professional servicesbusiness and professional services
Robust tourismRobust tourism Population growth that leads to home Population growth that leads to home
construction and related consumer construction and related consumer industriesindustries
Retirees, leading to increased health Retirees, leading to increased health care servicescare services
KEY JOB GAINS IN KEY JOB GAINS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 2003-METROPOLITAN AREAS, 2003-
20052005
Administrative and support servicesAdministrative and support services680,000680,000
Health careHealth care 620,000620,000 Accommodations and food servicesAccommodations and food services
546,000546,000 ConstructionConstruction 534,000534,000 Professional, scientificProfessional, scientific 344,000344,000 Retail tradeRetail trade 279,000279,000 State/local governmentState/local government 264,000264,000 EducationEducation 148,000148,000
Job Growth Strategy: Job Growth Strategy: LandLand
Land acquisition and reuse Land acquisition and reuse (regeneration)(regeneration)
May be losing public taking powersMay be losing public taking powers Building from strength and anchors Building from strength and anchors
(universities, hospitals, etc)(universities, hospitals, etc) Locally crafted, with little national Locally crafted, with little national
support and limited state supportsupport and limited state support Brownfields clean up and reuseBrownfields clean up and reuse Smart growth constraints to locate jobs Smart growth constraints to locate jobs
in central cities and older suburbsin central cities and older suburbs
JOB GROWTH STRATEGY: LABORJOB GROWTH STRATEGY: LABOR
School improvement, and growth of School improvement, and growth of charter schoolscharter schools
Job training via “workforce Job training via “workforce intermediaries”intermediaries”
National funds for job trainingNational funds for job training Living wage approaches as a double-Living wage approaches as a double-
edged swordedged sword
JOB GROWTH STRATEGY: JOB GROWTH STRATEGY: CAPITALCAPITAL
Economic incentives to businessEconomic incentives to business National tax credits (New Market Tax National tax credits (New Market Tax
Credits)Credits) National small business loan National small business loan
guaranteesguarantees Creative local financing (TIFs, BIDs, Creative local financing (TIFs, BIDs,
etc.)etc.) Community development venture Community development venture
capitalcapital
JOB GROWTH STRATEGY: JOB GROWTH STRATEGY: ENTERPRISEENTERPRISE
““Creative class”: Strategy or fad?Creative class”: Strategy or fad? Creating favorable business climatesCreating favorable business climates Overcoming demise of industrial Overcoming demise of industrial
corporation leadership in weak-corporation leadership in weak-market cities via new civic market cities via new civic organizationsorganizations
JOB GROWTH JOB GROWTH CONCEPTSCONCEPTS
Efforts/struggles to reposition local Efforts/struggles to reposition local economieseconomies
Connecting central city work with Connecting central city work with metro area/regional approachesmetro area/regional approaches
Some emphasis on Inner City job Some emphasis on Inner City job creation and analysiscreation and analysis
Purchasing power analysis.Purchasing power analysis.
JOB GROWTH STRATEGIES: JOB GROWTH STRATEGIES: CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
Job creation is an art, not a science, and Job creation is an art, not a science, and a great deal is still being learned about a great deal is still being learned about how to accomplish job creation in weak how to accomplish job creation in weak market cities.market cities.
Job creation and workforce development Job creation and workforce development are two complementary parts of a are two complementary parts of a strategystrategy
Entrepreneurship must be enhanced in Entrepreneurship must be enhanced in weak market places as a strategy to weak market places as a strategy to create jobs.create jobs.
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