crops for the future: beyond food security
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1ICRISAT21 June, 2012
Sayed Azam-AliCEO Crops for the Future Research CentreProfessor of Global Food Security University of Nottingham
Crops for the Future: Beyond Food Security
7000
20
3
350,000 –500,000
Plant Species
>60% World Food
Crop Species
Major Food Crops
Globalising the Human Food Chain:Species
Hunter-Gatherers
Agri-silvo-pastoral
Agroforestry
Intercropping
Sole cropping
Globalising the Human Food Chain:Cropping Systems
Globalising the Human Food Chain:Cropping Systems
6000 Languages
7 Languages>50% Humanity
MandarinSpanishEnglishArabicHindi/UrduPortugueseBengali
Globalising the Human Food Chain:Knowledge systems
• Never have so few species fed so many people
7 Billion people depend on 7 species for our food
• Never have so few languages informed so many people
7 written languages inform the world
• Climates of the Future?
Should we seriously reconsider the diversity of our agricultural and knowledge systems?
Globalising the Human Food Chain
The International Agricultural Research Network: Crop Centres
http://www.cgiar.org/centers/index.html
No global institution responsible for research on underutilised crops
CIMMYT
CIP
CIAT BioversityICARDA
WARDA
IITA
ICRISAT IRRI
Crops for the Future (CFF) A new international alliance for underutilised crops
Any food or non‐food crop not supported by international centres
University of Nottinghamin Malaysia
BioversityInternational
ResearchGlobal
•One of the World’s 17 megadiverse countries•Agroecological diversity and agroregional transect•Political stability, infrastructure, research capacity
Crops for the Future – why Malaysia?
Languages• 30 sub-ethnic linguistic groups
- Repository of ethnobotanical, vernacular knowledge
Biodiversity• 18 000 species of flowering plants and trees
Agroecology• Rapid environmental gradients
Borneo and diversity:
Crops for the Future – why Malaysia?
University of Nottinghamin Malaysia
Research Company limited by guarantee without share capital
GoM funding until 2017
Crop research facilities
Operational costs
Crops for the Future Research Centre
Government of Malaysia
World’s first research centre dedicated to underutilised(alternative) crops for food and non-food uses
• Food, feed, health, nutrition, energy, biomaterials • Product marketing opportunities • Capacity-building
Crops For the Future Research Centre
CFFRC – developments
2011• June: Launch by Prime Minister Dato Sri Najib Tun Razak• Nov: ADB Stakeholder Dialogues, Manila and Kuala Lumpur• Aug: Legal entity established: Chairman and CEO appointed
2012• Jan: Research Strategy launched • Mar: Research Facilities planned • April: Exemplar Programmes developed• May: CFFRC`250PLUS’ scholarships launched
CFFRC – Research Strategy
Knowledge Systems
Sustainable Nutrition
High Value Agriculture
Enhancing community nutrition and health by diversifying crops and products
Accessing digital technologies across the value chain
Moving `up the value chain’ throughnovel products
Core investment in research on underutilised crops
Green, energy efficient, iconic structures
Botanical garden of alternative crops
Recycled natural resources
CropBaseWeb-based Knowledge Platform for Underutilised crops
CropFinder
CropGrower
CropUser
CropMapper
CropBreeder
Indigenous Knowledge
Wikipedia
Knowledgebase
BiomassPlusSupporting 1MBAS with alternative crops
• Oilpalm sector– Land not suited to production of oilpalm– Land currently underutilised in oilpalm plantations
• Novel sources of biomass– Local species not currently being used for biomass– Novel biomass species that can be introduced to Malaysia
`resource capture `space’ available before canopy closure, under oil palm canopy and below pylon corridors in oil palm plantations
BiomassPlus
CropBase
Phase I. Scoping Select novel biomass sources
Phase II. Technology
Functional analysis and modification of novel biomass products
Phase III. Implementation
Uptake of novel biomass products by end‐users and commercial sector
Targetted breeding programme on key biomass crops
Database of novel biomass sources
Expanding on 1Malaysia Biomass Alternative Strategy (1MBAS)
FishPlusPlant-Based Fishfeed from Underutilised Crops
Plant Based fishfeed not widely used or available
Limited supply of fishfeed
Capture fisheries are over‐fished and declining
Over‐capacity in fishing fleets
Demand for seafood protein rising steadily
Destruction of fish habitats/ breeding grounds
Increased urbanisation and industrialisation
Increasing marine pollution, coastal land reclamation, deforestation of mangroves and coastal forests
Increased global population and affluence
Aquaculture feed producers rely on well‐known, proven sources of fishmeal
Ignorance on effectiveness of PBAF
Aquaculture farmers rely on traditional practices, including feed selection
Limited training and awareness building in aquaculture sector of developing countries
Aquaculture relies on feed from limited and declining marine living resources
Can we develop plant‐based fishfeed from locally available underutilised crops?
Global fish stocks are depleted
FishPlusDeveloping opportunities at the interface of fish – plant research
CropBase
Phase I. Scoping
Assess biological and economic feasibility of candidate crops
Phase II. Technology
Product development and trials for candidate species/products
Phase III. Implementation
Supply chain demonstrations via end-users and industry partners
Fish Breeding
Targettedbreeding programme on key FishPluscrops
Feeds and probiotics
StarchPlus
• The approach– Screen, test and develop novel sources of starch to complement
and/or replace starch from existing sources• Key characteristics
– Partnership between CFFRC, international partners, private sector and end-users.
– Link plant/processing/industry expertise to derive and utilise local alternatives to imported starch
• Sustainability– Development of proof-of-concept starch products in partnership with
private sector for commercial application beyond project timeframe
Identifying and developing novel sources of industrial starch
StarchPlus
CropBase
Phase I. Scoping
Desk study for possible alternative starch sources
Phase II. Technology
Functional analysis and modification of new starches
Phase III. Implementation
Uptake of complementary starches by end-users
Targetted plant breeding programme on key StarchPluscrops
Database of novel starch sources
Identifying and developing novel sources of industrial starch
FoodPlus
CropBase
Phase I. Screening
Desk study to determine possible nutritional sources
Phase II. Technology
Functional analysis and modification of products
Phase III. Implementation
Uptake of nutritional products by end-users and commercial sector
Targetted plant breeding programme on key FoodPluscrops
Database of novel nutritional sources
Sustainable nutrition through diversified diets
Bambara groundnut in Indonesia
West Java – kacang bogor
East Java - kacang kapri
Case Study:Bambara groundnut
BAMYIELD: linking knowledge systems
Linking research and knowledge systems in South‐East Asia and Africa
‘250PLUS’ Scholarships
• 250 `postgraduate years’ registered with Univ. of Nottingham
• Joint supervision between UoN, CFFRC and research partners
• PLUS `Providing Links to Underutilised Species’– Exemplar Programmes– Research Priorities– New ideas
250PLUS
PhDMRes
PhDMRes
Full FeesStipendConsumables
Full Fees
UNMCPartners
CFFRCPartners
CFFRC `250PLUS’ Scholarship Scheme (2012-2017)
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